Question

【題目】閱讀短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填人一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

We dislike too hot days. Luckily, we have air conditioners and fridges. How did Chinese people stay cool in the hot season before they have air conditioners and fridges?

The most common way Chinese people in the past kept cool was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.

Beginning in the Sui dynasty(朝代), Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows(瓷枕). These pillows felt cool, so people could sleep well on them.

People in old times didn't have fridges to make ice. Instead, they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells(井). When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.

Rich people and members of the king family had more expensive ways to keep cool. As early as the Han dynasty, some people used a tool(工具) like modern electrical fans. It was made of a wheel(輪子) and some fan blades(葉片). A person would pull a rope to make the wheel spin(轉(zhuǎn)) and then the blades would spin around fast.

In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool. They built their houses next to the water, used some machines to carry water to the top of the house, and made it flow down from the eaves(屋檐). This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.

How people kept cool in the past
Different 【1】 in different times	Fans: It was very common for people to use fans with 【2】 or drawings on them.
	Porcelain pillows: In the Sui dynasty, 【3】people began to sleep on porcelain pillows【4】 these pillows were cool.
	Ice: In winter, ice was collected and stored, and then in 【5】 , people got the ice out and put it in houses to make the temperature 【6】
	【7】 fans: In the Han dynasty, a tool like modern electrical fans was used by only a small number of people, for it was【8】
	Water: In the 【9】 dynasty, people kept their houses cool by making 【10】 waterfalls.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 ways

【2】 poems

【3】 Chinese

【4】 because

【5】 summer

【6】 drop

【7】 Modern

【8】 expensive

【9】 Tang

【10】 man-made

【解析】

文章大意：本文介紹了中國古代在炎熱的季節(jié)降溫解暑的方法。最流行的方法就是用扇子，隋朝時(shí)，人們用瓷枕，還有人保存冰塊，漢代時(shí)，人們發(fā)明新型類似現(xiàn)在的電扇來降溫，唐朝時(shí)，人們把水引到房檐來降溫。

【1】句意：不同時(shí)期的不同方法。根據(jù)表格第一行How people kept cool in the past“過去人們是如何保持涼爽的”，以及本行右側(cè)所對(duì)應(yīng)的表格中所描述的各個(gè)時(shí)期人們保持涼爽的方法，可知此處句意為“不同時(shí)期的不同方法”，“方法”way，由句意可知應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案填ways。

【2】句意：人們使用有詩歌或畫的扇子是很常見的。根據(jù)文中的句子Chinese people in the past kept cool was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.可知是人們使用有詩歌或畫的扇子是很常見的。poem“詩歌”，這里用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案填poems。

【3】句意：在隋朝，中國人開始睡陶瓷枕頭。根據(jù)文中的句子Beginning in the Sui dynasty, Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows.可知，在隋朝，中國人開始睡陶瓷枕頭。Chinesepeople“中國人”，故答案填Chinese。

【4】句意：因?yàn)檫@些枕頭是涼爽的。根據(jù)文中的句子These pillows felt cool, so people could sleep well on them.可知，是因?yàn)檫@些枕頭可以使人感覺涼爽，所以人們開始睡陶瓷枕頭，前后句是因果關(guān)系，because“因?yàn)椤保�故答案�?/span>because。

【5】句意：在冬天，冰被收集和儲(chǔ)存，然后在夏天，人們把冰取出，把它放在房子里，使溫度下降。根據(jù)文中的句子they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells. When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.可知，人們?cè)诙�天把冰收集和�?chǔ)存，然后在夏天把冰拿出來放在房子里使溫度下降。in summer“在夏天”，故答案填summer。

【6】句意：在冬天，冰被收集和儲(chǔ)存，然后在夏天，人們把冰取出，把它放在房子里，使溫度下降。根據(jù)文中的句子they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells. When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.可知，人們?cè)诙�天把冰收集和�?chǔ)存，然后在夏天把冰拿出來放在房子里使溫度下降。make the temperature drop“降低溫度”，故答案填drop。

【7】句意：現(xiàn)代的風(fēng)扇。根據(jù)后面的a tool like modern electrical fans was used by only a small number of people,可知，此處說的是“現(xiàn)代風(fēng)扇”，即modern fans，因其位于句首，所以第一個(gè)字母要大寫，故答案填Modern。

【8】句意：因?yàn)樗�很貴。根據(jù)文中的句子Rich people and members of the king family had more expensive ways to keep cool. As early as the Han dynasty, some people used a tool like modern electrical fans.可知，因?yàn)榘嘿F，在漢代，像現(xiàn)代電扇這樣的工具只被少數(shù)人使用。expensive “昂貴的”，故答案填expensive。

【9】句意：在唐朝，人們通過人造瀑布來保持房屋的涼爽。根據(jù)文中的句子In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool….This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.可知，在唐朝，人們通過人造瀑布來保持房屋的涼爽。朝代屬于專有名詞，所以Tang首字母要大寫，故答案填Tang。

【10】句意：在唐朝，人們通過人造瀑布來保持房屋的涼爽。根據(jù)文中的句子In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool….This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.可知，在唐朝，人們通過人造瀑布來保持房屋的涼爽。man-made waterfalls“人造瀑布”，故答案填man-made。

首先，通讀全文，了解文章的大意。然后，縱覽所要完成的任務(wù)內(nèi)容，在了解其大意的同時(shí)，確定所要填寫的內(nèi)容，即詞語或短語是否與已知文段中的相一致。填寫時(shí)，一定要仔細(xì)，比如，有的屬于固定搭配，有的句子是文中原句的同義句，這些只要稍加注意，就可避免出錯(cuò)；同時(shí)還要注意動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)是否有誤，首字母是否大寫，句子的主謂搭配是不是合理等；最后，將填寫好的內(nèi)容再通讀一遍，看看語意是否正確，與原文意思是否相符，語句是否通順，大小寫是否正確等。比如，第1小題，根據(jù)表格第一行How people kept cool in the past“過去人們是如何保持涼爽的”，以及本行右側(cè)所對(duì)應(yīng)的表格中所描述的各個(gè)時(shí)期人們保持涼爽的方法，可知此處句意為“不同時(shí)期的不同方法”，“方法”way，由句意可知應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案填ways。第3小題，根據(jù)文中的句子Beginning in the Sui dynasty, Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows.可知，在隋朝，中國人開始睡陶瓷枕頭。Chinesepeople“中國人”，故答案填Chinese。