【題目】小華認識了來自非洲的黑人朋友拉比，拉比介紹了許多家鄉(xiāng)的情況，據(jù)此完成下面小題。

【1】下列描述，符合拉比家鄉(xiāng)所在大洲情況的是（　�。�

A. 大多位于溫帶B. 熱帶草原氣候分布面積廣

C. 以黑種人為主，人口自然增長率低D. 經(jīng)濟發(fā)達

【2】非洲經(jīng)濟落后的歷史根源是（　�。�

A. 人口增長過快B. 自然資源貧乏

C. 長期遭受殖民統(tǒng)治D. 自然條件惡劣

【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲最迫切解決的問題是（　�。�

A. 人口B. 糧食

C. 環(huán)境D. 教育

【4】撒哈拉以南的非洲礦產(chǎn)資源豐富，其中儲量和產(chǎn)量居世界第一位的是（　　）

A. 銅和石油B. 鋁土和鐵礦

C. 金剛石和銅D. 黃金和金剛石

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

根據(jù)非洲地跨赤道南北，它東瀕印度洋，西臨大西洋，北隔地中海及直布羅陀海峽與歐洲相望，東北與亞洲之間隔著狹長的紅海，并以蘇伊士運河為陸上分界。非洲是世界古人類和古文明的發(fā)祥地之一，擁有悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化，進行分析解答。

【1】非洲3/4的面積在南、北回歸線之間的熱帶，絕大部分地區(qū)年平均氣溫在20℃以上，氣候普遍暖熱，因而被稱為“熱帶大陸”，故A敘述錯誤；

非洲分布最廣的氣候類型是熱帶草原氣候，故B敘述正確；

非洲以黑種人為主，人口自然增長率高，故C敘述錯誤；

非洲經(jīng)濟較落后，故D敘述錯誤。

故選：B。

【2】非洲經(jīng)濟落后的歷史根源是長期遭受殖民統(tǒng)治。故選：C。

【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲多數(shù)國家，長期受殖民統(tǒng)治經(jīng)濟模式單一，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展落后；非洲是人口自然增長率最高的一洲，人口的快速增長造成了糧食的極度短缺，為了滿足糧食需要，不斷的破壞生存的環(huán)境，現(xiàn)階段人口、糧食、環(huán)境是非洲面臨的巨大問題；現(xiàn)階段，非洲面臨的主要任務是：控制人口增長；保護自然環(huán)境，提高農(nóng)牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平；發(fā)展多元化經(jīng)濟；培養(yǎng)科技人才；提高民族文化素質(zhì)；科技興農(nóng)等，其中控制人口增長是非洲人民面臨的最緊迫任務。根據(jù)題意。故選：A。

【4】非洲地域遼闊，物產(chǎn)豐富多樣，被譽為“富饒大陸”。非洲礦產(chǎn)資源種類多，儲量大。金剛石、黃金、鉻鐵礦、磷酸鹽等的儲量和產(chǎn)量都居世界首位。故選：D。

考查非洲的地理概況。

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