分析:(1)直接去括號(hào)進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(2)先運(yùn)用乘法分配律,然后直接進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(3)先進(jìn)行乘除法運(yùn)算,后進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(4)先通分,然后進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(5)先算乘方,再算乘除即可;
(6)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后去括號(hào)進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(7)先算乘方,再進(jìn)行乘法和絕對(duì)值的運(yùn)算,最后進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算即可;
(8)先進(jìn)行乘除運(yùn)算,然后進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算;
(9)直接按照合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)的法則合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)即可;
(10)直接按照合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)的法則合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)即可.
解答:解:(1)原式=12+18-7-15
=8;
(2)原式=
×(-60)-
×(-60)-
×(-60)
=-40+55+56
=71;
(3)原式=-10+6
=-4;
(4)原式=-
+
+=-1;
(5)原式=9×4-(-8)÷4
=36+2
=38;
(6)原式=-1000+[16-(-8)×2]
=-1000+32
=968;
(7)原式=-8-2×(-3)+3-1
=-8+6+3-1
=0;
(8)原式=
+1
=
=26
;
(9)原式=(3-1)a
2+(5-2)a
=2a
2+3a;
(10)原式=-(1+1)x
2+(1-1)y
2-3xy
=-2x
2-3xy.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查整式的加減及有理數(shù)的混合運(yùn)算,注意先算乘方,再算乘除,最后算加減;同級(jí)運(yùn)算,應(yīng)按從左到右的順序進(jìn)行計(jì)算;如果有括號(hào),要先做括號(hào)內(nèi)的運(yùn)算.