(1)數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B分別是有理數(shù)-2、3對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離為_(kāi)_____
(2)再選幾個(gè)點(diǎn)試試,猜想:若點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B分別是有理數(shù)a、b對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離為_(kāi)_____
(3)若數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為a,且|a-2|=3,則點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為_(kāi)_____
(4)若數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為a,且|a-2|+|a+1|=5,則點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為_(kāi)_____.
解:(1)點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離=3-(-2)=5;
(2)若點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B分別是有理數(shù)a、b對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離為a-b(a>b)或b-a(a<b),即|a-b|;
(3)數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為a,|a-2|=3表示點(diǎn)A到2對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離為3,所以點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為-1或3;
(4)|a-2|+|a+1|=5,表示點(diǎn)A到2對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)和-1對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離之和為5,所以點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為-2或3.
故答案為5;|a-b|;-1或5;-2或3.
分析:(1)用3減去-2即可得到點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離;
(2)若點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B分別是有理數(shù)a、b對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)A、點(diǎn)B間的距離用兩數(shù)之差的絕對(duì)值表示;
(3)由于|a-2|=3可理解為表示點(diǎn)A到2對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離為3,于是點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為-1或3;
(4)可以把|a-2|+|a+1|=5理解為表示點(diǎn)A到2對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)和-1對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離之和為5,而-1與2對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)表示的距離為3,則點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)數(shù)為-2或3.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查了數(shù)軸:數(shù)軸有三要素(原點(diǎn)、正方向和單位長(zhǎng)度);原點(diǎn)左邊的點(diǎn)表示負(fù)數(shù),右邊的點(diǎn)表示數(shù)為正數(shù);左邊點(diǎn)表示的數(shù)比右邊點(diǎn)表示的數(shù)要小.也考查了絕對(duì)值.