分析 房屋和其他建筑物的污染每年造成超過400萬人死亡,許多人因吸入煙或用煤作動力的爐子做飯而死亡.
減少死亡人數(shù)的一個方法是通過太陽能烹飪設(shè)備,一個南非公司的太陽能專家Crosby Menzies描述了他最新的太陽能炊具,稱為"Sol.4","它是四平方米的鏡子,長度六到八米,相當于一個大的灶具."
"Sol.4"由大鏡子反射的太陽光運作的.鏡子直接把光對準炒菜的鍋,然后光用太陽能加熱鍋.兩分鐘后,鍋熱得能夠烤香腸和洋蔥.在短短的四分鐘,水可以煮沸,和用天然氣或電做飯一樣快.
鍋也比其他灶具更"友好",因為人們不必站在太陽下使用它,人們可以不必收集柴火或花錢買煤做飯.這樣的人們不太可能有來自于有害煙霧引起的呼吸病.
目前,炊具只是在陽光燦爛的時候工作,但工程師們正在努力工作,使它在沒有陽光的情況下也能工作.
每個鍋的成本約為2000美元,這是大多數(shù)非洲人一大筆錢.為了解決這個問題,Crosby Menzies已建立一個叫做非洲太陽能炊具的非政府組織.它計劃籌集捐贈的資金去提供太陽能烹飪設(shè)備給窮人.
解答 66.答案:A.主旨大意題.根據(jù) One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.Crosby Menzies,a solar power expert in a South African company,described his latest solar cooker called the"Sol.4","聯(lián)系全文內(nèi)容可知本文是介紹一種新型的太陽能灶具,能夠減少污染對身體的傷害,故答案是A.
67.答案:D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood-powered of coal-powered stoves. One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.Crosby Menzies,a solar power expert in a South African company,described his latest solar cooker called the"Sol.4"可知Sol-4主要是用于減少因有害氣體引起的死亡,故答案是D.
68.答案:C.詞義猜測題.根據(jù).And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal.人們可以不必收集柴火或花錢買煤做飯和后面的would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke.不太可能有來自于有害煙霧引起的呼吸病. individuals 作為主語,表示人不可能得病,故選C.
69.答案:D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)The cooker is also much"friendlier"than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it.And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal.Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke可知這種新灶具比其他灶具更環(huán)保,故選D.
70.答案:B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)To solve that problem,Crosby Menzies has crated a non-governmental organization called solar Cookers for Africa.It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment.可以推斷將來越來越多的非洲人會用上太陽能灶,故答案是B.
點評 就英語說明文的閱讀而言,首先要抓住文章說明的要點,也就是要抓住被說明對象的實質(zhì)性特征;弄清作者從哪個角度、哪個層面開始說明;并明白文章最后的說明結(jié)論.高考說明文閱讀材料通常介紹最新科技、重大成就、生活時尚、流行現(xiàn)象等.了解說明文的寫作手法、說明方法,理清短文結(jié)構(gòu)及段落中心思想是答題關(guān)鍵.
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