閱讀材料,回答問題。(6分)

材料一:在廣袤的亞馬孫河流域分布著地球上面積最大的熱帶雨林,其中60%在巴西境內(nèi)。熱帶雨林具有巨大的環(huán)境效益和經(jīng)濟效益,一直受到世人的關(guān)注。

從20世紀(jì)60年代開始,巴西大規(guī)模開發(fā)亞馬孫地區(qū),在熱帶雨林修建公路,開辟大型的農(nóng)場和牧場,采礦,辦工廠,建城鎮(zhèn)……亞馬孫熱帶雨林遭受到了前所未有的破壞,不僅對巴西本土的環(huán)境造成影響,如水土流失加劇、生物多樣性銳減,而且影響全球的氣候。

面對開發(fā)熱帶雨林產(chǎn)生的問題,巴西政府采取各種措施,加強對雨林的保護。雖然人們的環(huán)保意識日益提高,但是非法砍伐的現(xiàn)象始終存在。

 

 

 

材料二:2014年世界環(huán)境日(6月5日)的主題是:“提高你的呼聲,而不是海平面(Raise your voice not the sea level)”。全球變暖是當(dāng)今世界面臨的重要問題,大氣中的二氧化碳等溫室氣體的增多,除了人類大量的排放因素外,就是綠色植被銳減,主要是森林資源被破壞。

(1)全世界都希望巴西保護的資源是: ;

(2)熱帶雨林的環(huán)境效益有: ;(兩點)

(3)森林被破壞引發(fā)的問題有: (一點即可);

(4)今年的世界環(huán)境日的主題是: ;

(5)為了保護人類唯一的家園,作為中學(xué)生的你們應(yīng)該怎樣做?

         。

 

(1)熱帶雨林

(2)合理即可

(3)合理即可

(4)提高你的呼聲,而不是海平面

(5)合理即可

【解析】

試題分析:

(1)巴西的亞馬孫平原分布有世界最大的熱帶雨林,因為熱帶雨林可以提供大量木材水;還具有涵養(yǎng)水源、保護土壤、防止水土流失、凈化空氣等環(huán)境效應(yīng),全世界都希望巴西保護的自然資源是熱帶雨林。

(2)熱帶雨林區(qū),有“地球之肺”之稱,具有涵養(yǎng)水源、保護土壤、防止水土流失、凈化空氣等環(huán)境效應(yīng)。

(3)森林破壞能夠產(chǎn)生一系列的問題,如導(dǎo)致土地沙化,沙塵暴多發(fā),生態(tài)環(huán)境急劇惡化等,給人類生存環(huán)境造成極大威脅。

(4)根據(jù)材料二可知:2014年世界環(huán)境日(6月5日)的主題是:“提高你的呼聲,而不是海平面(Raise your voice not the sea level)”。

(5)地球是我們唯一的家園,我們要保護她,環(huán)境保護可以體現(xiàn)在方方面面,如:安全合理使用源,利用水力、風(fēng)力發(fā)電,植樹造林,不隨便排放污水,減少二氧化碳排放量等。

考點:西半球的國家巴西。

 

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