5."What's the name of our neighbour?I can't remember right now."Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this sometimes?Usually,we think that older people's memory becomes bad because their brains get weak.But now a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a new idea.
"The human brain works slower in old age,"says Michael Ramscar,the lead scientist."But only because they have stored more information overtime."
The findings are based on a series of computer simulations(模擬) of learning and memory.Scientists let the computers read a certain amount of words and learn new things each day.When the computer"reads"only so much,its performance on cognitive(認知)tests is similar of a young adult.But if the computer learns the experiences we might encounter over a lifetime,its performance is similar to that of an older adult.
Often it is slower,but not because its processing capacity has declined.Rather,increased"experience"has caused the computer's database to grow,giving it more data(數(shù)據(jù))to process--which takes time.This is similar to old people.Imagine a person knows two people's birthdays.Another person knows the birthdays of 2000people,but can only match the right person to the right birthday nine times out of 10.Can you say the first person has a better memory than the second person?
30.The writer uses a question at the beginning of the passage toB•
A.invite the readers to answer the question
B.a(chǎn)ttract the readers'attention to the topic
C.show how weak older people's brains are
D.tell the readers the latest findings about brains
31.According to the research,why do old people forget people's names easily?D
A.Because they have a very poor memory.
B.Because they are too old to remember things.
C.Because their brains become weaker than before.
D.Becasue they have stored too much information.
32.Where would this passage most probably appearA
A.In a magazine.
B.In a story book.
C.In a novel.
D.In a guidebook.
33.What would be the best title for the passage?A
A.Do old people have a bad memory?
B.Scientists'new findings on brains
C.Human brain's processing capacity
D.Which is better,the old or the young?
分析 本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類短文.主要介紹了與老年人的記憶力有關(guān)的話題.我們認為老年人的記憶力衰退是因為他們的大腦變的愚鈍了,現(xiàn)在德國圖賓根大學一個科學家團隊有了新的看法.人們的大腦在年紀大的時候變得遲鈍,是因為大腦中存儲的東西太多了,一位首席科學家說,他們是通過電腦模擬學習好記憶發(fā)現(xiàn)的,科學家每天讓電腦閱讀一定數(shù)量的話和學習新的事情,當電腦讀的多了之后,它的認知測試就和一個老年人一樣,雖然變慢了但是處理能力沒有減退,此外,增加的經(jīng)驗也會使電腦的數(shù)據(jù)庫增加,這與老年人類似,設(shè)想一個人知道兩個人的生日.另一個人知道2000個人的生日,把十分之九的人的生日都連對了,你能說第一個人的記憶力比第二個人的記憶力好嗎?
解答 30.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)"What's the name of our neighbour?"以及"Have you ever heard your grandparents ask questions like this sometimes?"在文章的開頭就用幾個疑問句,這是一種寫作手法,主要是為了引起讀者的注意力,讓讀者很想知道下文的內(nèi)容,故選B.
31.D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)."But only because they have stored more information overtime."可知是由于儲存的東西太多,所以老年人很容易忘記別人的名字,故選D.
32.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)"But now a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a new idea."可以推知,這篇文章是選自一本雜志,應(yīng)該是與科學有關(guān)的雜志,而不是小說,故事書,或者導(dǎo)游指南,故選A.
33.A.標題概括題.根據(jù)"Usually,we think that older people's memory becomes bad because their brains get weak.But now a team of scientists at the University of Tubingen in Germany has a new idea."可知德國的科學家們從一個嶄新的角度,闡釋了老年人記憶力下降的原因,并不是由不好的記憶力導(dǎo)致的.故選A.
點評 首先仔細閱讀短文,掌握大意,然后結(jié)合具體的題目再讀短文,從中找出相關(guān)信息,就可以確定正確答案.