【題目】下圖為某日部分地區(qū)晝夜示意圖，陰影部分表示黑夜，其余部分表示白晝。讀圖回答問題。

（1）按東、西半球劃分，圖上陰影部分主要位于____半球，此時甲地地方時是_______時。

（2）按南、北半球劃分，此時太陽直射點位于_____半球，太陽直射點的經(jīng)度是________。

（3）該日乙地的白晝時間長約________小時。

（4）如果這一天是農(nóng)歷十五，上海地區(qū)人們還需要等待約_______小時才能看到東邊天際升起的一輪圓月。

（5）如果晨昏線與甲地所在經(jīng)線的夾角為10°，則該日正午時分上海（31°N）世博園場館的太陽能電池板與建筑物外墻面（墻面與地面垂直）之間最合適的夾角約為________。

【答案】（1）西 6

（2）北 60°E

（3）11

（4）2

（5）69°

【解析】試題分析：（1）讀圖，圖中陰影部分表示黑夜，其余部分表示白晝。根據(jù)圖中的經(jīng)度，按東、西半球劃分，20°W以西到160°E是西半球，圖上陰影部分主要位于西半球。此時甲地位于晨線與赤道的交點上，地方時是6時。

（2） 按南、北半球劃分，此時北半球晝長大于夜長，說明太陽直射點位于北半球。根據(jù)圖中甲地位置，位于圖示兩條經(jīng)線中間，是30°W，時刻是6點。太陽直射點的時刻是12點，可以計算出經(jīng)度是60°E。

（3）讀圖，甲地是6點，該日乙地的日出時間是6:30，根據(jù)晝長計算方法，乙地白晝時間長約11小時。

（4）如果這一天是農(nóng)歷十五，上海的緯度與乙地緯度接近，晝長時間與乙地夜長時間相似，可以計算出上海的日落時間約18:30。此時，西2區(qū)區(qū)時6點，北京時間是16點，上海地區(qū)人們至少還需要等待約2小時，才能看到東邊天際升起的一輪圓月。

（5）如果晨昏線與甲地所在經(jīng)線的夾角為10°，則該日太陽直射緯線是10°N，上海（31°N）的正午太陽高度角是69°，世博園場館的太陽能電池板要與太陽光線垂直，效果最好。所以電池板與水平面夾角是21°，與建筑物外墻面（墻面與地面垂直）之間最合適的夾角約為69°。

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