【題目】材料一：

2011年1月1日8點整，中央電視臺記錄頻道正式開播，信號覆蓋全球，作為中國第一個國家級的專業(yè)紀(jì)錄片頻道，也是第一個從開播之始就面向全球采用雙語播出的頻道，它向世人亮出了擁有人文精神的中國形象。央視紀(jì)錄頻道在內(nèi)容編排上進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的規(guī)劃，主要呈現(xiàn)四大主體內(nèi)容、六大主題時段的播出特點，以期達(dá)到規(guī)模化的播出效應(yīng)。央視紀(jì)錄頻道同時采用國際紀(jì)錄片頻道的通行方式，淡化欄目概念，強(qiáng)化大時段編排，以主題化、系列化和播出季的方式，提升自身的影響力和美譽(yù)度。

（摘編自楊玉潔等《真實聚焦：2010~2011中國紀(jì)錄片頻道運營與紀(jì)錄片產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展記錄》）

材料二：

注：群眾構(gòu)成反映的是收視人群的構(gòu)成，回答了“誰在看該頻道”的問題，集中度是目標(biāo)群眾收視率與總體群眾收視率的比值，表示的是目標(biāo)群眾相對于總體觀眾的收視集中程度，能夠回答“誰更喜歡收看這個頻道”的問題；集中度的比值大于100%，表示該類目標(biāo)群眾的收視傾向高于平均水平。

材料三：

在制播運營模式方面，央視紀(jì)錄頻道實行的是頻道化運營模式。央視是紀(jì)錄片的主要制作基地。制作出的精品節(jié)目數(shù)量眾多。當(dāng)然，頻道化運營模式也有其自身的劣勢，劣勢在于頻道可以調(diào)動的資源非常有限，其融資渠道、產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、人財物資源調(diào)度都會受到種種限制。央視紀(jì)錄頻道目前正積極推進(jìn)制播分離模式，節(jié)目制作以社會招標(biāo)、聯(lián)合制作、購買作為主要方式，并輔以自制精品，為建立較為健全的制作管理模式做好準(zhǔn)備。

（摘編自張同道等《2011年國家紀(jì)錄片頻道發(fā)展報告（下）》）

材料四：

總部位于美國首都華盛頓的國家地理頻道是一個全球性的付費有線電視網(wǎng)。目前，國家地理頻道已經(jīng)以34種語言轉(zhuǎn)播至全球166個國家和地區(qū)逾2億9千萬用戶，作為一個純紀(jì)錄片頻道能夠取得如此卓越的成就，除了高質(zhì)量、高觀賞性的節(jié)目內(nèi)容之外，與其頻道自身的制播運用模式是分不開的。其制播運營模式如下：有線電視系統(tǒng)是在地方政府的批準(zhǔn)下由有線電視系統(tǒng)運營商投資建立的，有線電視系統(tǒng)直接面向訂戶收取費用，有線電視系統(tǒng)運營商是指擁有并運營有線電視系統(tǒng)的企業(yè)實體。有線電視節(jié)目提供商為有線電視系統(tǒng)運營商提供節(jié)目，具體到國家地理頻道而言，美國國家地理電視公司以及其他渠道承擔(dān)提供片源的任務(wù)，國家地理頻道承擔(dān)的是節(jié)目制作等任務(wù)，即讓來自國家地理電視公司等渠道的單個的片源變成有機(jī)結(jié)合的整體，適于在電視上播放；康卡斯特電信公司作為有線電視系統(tǒng)運營商，則承擔(dān)把電視信號傳送到千家萬戶的電視機(jī)上的技術(shù)性播出任務(wù)。 （摘編自楚慧萍《多元延伸，有機(jī)互動——美國國家地理頻道運營模式初探》）

【1】下列對材料相關(guān)內(nèi)容的梳理，不正確的一項是（3分）

【2】下列對材料相關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，正確的兩項是

A．中央電視臺記錄頻道在內(nèi)容編輯上進(jìn)行了認(rèn)真詳細(xì)的規(guī)劃，以期將來能夠呈現(xiàn)出主題化、系列化的節(jié)目播出方式。

B．根據(jù)材料二中性別、年齡、學(xué)歷這三項，我們能夠了解到中央電視臺紀(jì)錄頻道的觀眾構(gòu)成和集中度的基本情況。

C．2011年，在71個大中城市的觀眾調(diào)查中，中央電視電臺紀(jì)錄頻道觀眾構(gòu)成最高的三類人群分別是：男性、45~54歲以及高中學(xué)歷。

D．根據(jù)材料二可知，隨著目標(biāo)觀眾年齡的增加以及學(xué)歷的增高，集中度的比值也在不斷地攀升。

E．美國國家地理頻道的制作管理模式較為健全，它在融資渠道、產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、人財物資源調(diào)度方面不存在受到限制的問題。

【3】根據(jù)上述材料，概括說明中央電視臺紀(jì)錄頻道開播初期與美國國家地理頻道在直播運營模式方面的不同。

【答案】

【1】D

【2】BC

【3】①中央電視臺記錄頻道在開播初期采用的是頻道化運營模式，央視是紀(jì)錄片的主要制作基地；②美國國家地理頻道采用的是制播分離的運營模式，節(jié)目的制作與播出相對分離。

【解析】

【1】本題綜合考查文章的內(nèi)容和手法。考生應(yīng)重點分析選項內(nèi)容與文章內(nèi)容的吻合度。原文有“以及其他渠道”。本題從考查的范圍來看，既涉及全篇，又側(cè)重局部；從考查的角度來看，既有主旨錯誤，也有細(xì)節(jié)錯誤。解答此類題的方法：通讀全文，關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)。

【2】本題綜合考查篩選并整合文中的信息。A項目的錯誤，原文為“央視紀(jì)錄頻道在內(nèi)容編排上進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的規(guī)劃……以期達(dá)到規(guī)�；牟コ鲂�(yīng)。央視紀(jì)錄頻道同時……以主題化、系列化和播出季的方式，提升自身的影響力和美譽(yù)度”。D項歸類錯誤，由圖表可知，55歲以上人群及“大學(xué)及以上”學(xué)歷關(guān)注度下降。E項肯否不當(dāng)，原文是說需要“地方政府的批準(zhǔn)”，可見也是有限制的。通讀全文，關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)。第一步：通讀全文，整體感知。把握文本基本事實，分析主體對象與基本事實之間的關(guān)系。第二步：明確主旨，辨清關(guān)系。結(jié)合選項之間的關(guān)系做出準(zhǔn)確判斷。

【3】這是一道篩選信息、整合信息的題，要想答對，首先要根據(jù)題干要求，必須把答題區(qū)間找對，從中篩選出對答案有幫助的信息，然后還要會概括，要點要簡潔，盡量使用文中詞語。由“材料三”可知，“在制播運營模式方面，央視紀(jì)錄頻道實行的是頻道化運營模式。……目前正積極推進(jìn)制播分離模式”，由“材料四”可知“其制播運營模式如下：有線電視系統(tǒng)是在地方政府的批準(zhǔn)下由有線電視系統(tǒng)運營商投資建立的，有線電視系統(tǒng)直接面向訂戶收取費用”。先泛讀：了解文章大意、結(jié)構(gòu)，圈出關(guān)鍵詞、句；再審題：確定范圍、角度、要求；然后精讀：尋找相關(guān)信息，篩選關(guān)鍵詞語；最后加工：按題目要求整合信息。

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