17.Think about the last time you felt afraid.Was it a fear of height?Did you oversleep on a weekday and fear you'd get into trouble at the office?In any case,you know what it feels like to feel fear.
But one woman doesn't.The woman,code-named"UM",gave her first-ever interview after years of being studied by a team of researchers.The woman is given a code name because the researchers want to protect her from anyone who would take advantage of her inability to feel afraid.
UM can't tell you what fear is because she's never experienced it."I wonder what it's like to actually be afraid of something,"she said.The formal name for the disease is Urbach-Wieth disease,which is characterized by a hoarse(粗啞的)voice,small bumps around the eyes,and calcium deposits(鈣沉積的)in the brain.
In the case of UM,the disease has transformed the part of her brain that controls the human response to fear.In the interview,UM talks about an event in her life where she was held at knifepoint and gunpoint,"I was walking to the store,and I saw a man on a park bench.He said.‘Come here,please,'so I went over to him.He grabbed me by the shirt,put a knife to my throat and told me he was going to cut me.I told him,‘Go ahead and cut me,'I wasn't afraid at a11.And for some reason,he let me go."
Doctors who have been studying UM's condition for years have been trying different things that could strike fear into her.They finally figured something out-increasing UM's carbon dioxide levels.Extra carbon dioxide concentration in the blood is known to cause fear and panic in health individuals.Increasing UM's carbon dioxide levels did manage to give her a fright.
8.The text starts byC.
A.challenging the reader
B.solving daily problems
C.1isting situations
D.giving explanations
9.Why is the woman with Urbach-Wieth disease given a code name?D
A.To tell her case from other patients.
B.To respect her privacy.
C.To meet the researchers'demands.
D.To ensure her safety.
10.From UM's case,we can know that Urbach-Wieth disease mayA.
A.stop the brain from functioning normally
B.1ead to a decrease in calcium deposits
C.stop the brain from responding quickly
D.1ead to an increase in carbon dioxide
11.What will probably happen to UM?B
A.Dying of the Urbach-Wieth disease.
B.Getting the sense of panic.
C.Experiencing another danger.
D.Speaking with a hoarse voice.
分析 本文為健康類閱讀,介紹了一個患病的女子,她從來沒有體驗過害怕這種情緒.
解答 8---11 CDAB
8.答案C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段第二句提出的問題"Was it a fear of height?Did you oversleep on a weekday and fear you'd get into trouble at the office?"以及下文的內(nèi)容"But one woman doesn't",可知道文章的開頭首先是通過一連串的問題情境把讀者帶入到這個話題里的.故答案C正確.
9.答案D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第二段中的最后一句The woman is given a code name because the researchers want to protect her from anyone who would take advantage of her inability to feel afraid,可知D的意思與之相符,故選D.
10.答案A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三第四段所說的內(nèi)容,可知道這種病是能夠影響大腦,對個人的反應(yīng)起到一定的作用的.結(jié)合各個選項的意思,可知應(yīng)選A.
11.答案B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容中的increasing UM's carbon dioxide levels.Extra carbon dioxide concentration in the blood is known to cause fear and panic in health individuals,可知道,增加體內(nèi)血液中的二氧化碳濃度可以引起一個人的驚恐,故選B.
點評 健康環(huán)保類文章常是介紹科學(xué)知識、生活常識和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的短文.閱讀此類短文要以現(xiàn)象或事物為中心進(jìn)行思考,理解現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因、條件和客觀規(guī)律等.同時要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互關(guān)系等.科普環(huán)保類文章一般為說明文,從結(jié)構(gòu)上看大致可分為三個部分:第一部分一般是文章的首段,主要用來提出文章的主題,即文章想要闡述、說明的主要內(nèi)容;第二部分是文章的主體,可由若干個段落組成,對文章的主題進(jìn)行展開說明;第三部分是結(jié)尾段,對文章的主題進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié).這類文章多用一般現(xiàn)在時,而且一般多使用客觀性詞語表述.有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性,也常使用被動語態(tài).
從近幾年的考試題來看,科普環(huán)保類的文章越來越與人們的實際生活相接近.由于此類文章缺乏故事情節(jié),很多同學(xué)對此類文章感到費解.但一般的科普類文章都是就事論事,需要邏輯推理和想象的時候較少,因此此類閱讀題也沒有同學(xué)們想象中的那么難,只要多加訓(xùn)練,就能較好地答題.