Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(癡呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷爾蒙) , U.S. reseachers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s(老年癡呆癥). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy are protecting the brain, including estrogen(雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保護(hù)神經(jīng)的) effects,” Kinsley said.  
“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview. “They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”
Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.
“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.
“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations(改變) to the brain.”
【小題1】What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?( within 4 words)
【小題2】 How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”?( within 8 words)
【小題3】“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest?  ( within 13 words)
【小題4】What’s the main idea of this passage? (within 10 words)


【小題1】The hormones of pregnancy. 
【小題2】By experimenting on rats.
【小題3】The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.
【小題4】Motherhood Makes Women Smarter

解析【小題1】第三段第一行the hormones of pregnancy are protecting the brain
【小題2】第二段第一行Tests on rats show that…
【小題3】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。
【小題4】根據(jù)第一段第一行Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(癡呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷爾蒙)

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆浙江省蕭山中學(xué)高三10月階段測試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia（癡呆） in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones（荷爾蒙） , U．S．researchers reported on Thursday．
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s（早老癡呆癥）．University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans．“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy（懷孕） are protecting the brain, including estrogen（雌激素）, which we know has many neuroprotective （保護(hù)神經(jīng)的） effects,” Kinsley said．
“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview．“They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes．” Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline．
“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida．
“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain．If you look at female animals that have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young．But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations（改變） to the brain．”
【小題1】How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”?

A．Some researchers have told them．
B．Many women say so．
C．They know it by experimenting on rats．
D．They know it through their own experience．
【小題2】What does the phrase “l(fā)itters of pups” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Baby rats．B．Animals．C．Old rats．D．Grown-up rats．
【小題3】What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?
A．Estrogen．
B．The hormones of pregnancy．
C．More exercise．
D．Taking care of children．
【小題4】“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals．” What does the sentence suggest?
A．The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans．
B．The experiments on the rats are very important for animals．
C．The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans．
D．The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals．
【小題5】Which title is the best for this passage?
A．Do You Want to Be Smarter?
B．Motherhood Makes Women Smarter
C．Mysterious Hormones
D．An Important Study

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆遼寧省沈陽市第二十中學(xué)高三高考領(lǐng)航考試（三）英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(癡呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷爾蒙) , U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s (早老癡呆癥). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy (懷孕) are protecting the brain, including estrogen (雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保護(hù)神經(jīng)的) effects,” Kinsley said.  
“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview. “They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”
Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.
“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.
“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations(改變) to the brain.”
【小題1】How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”?

A．Some researchers have told them.
B．Many women say so.
C．They know it by experimenting on rats.
D．They know it through their own experience.
【小題2】What does the phrase “l(fā)itters of pups” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Baby rats.B．Animals.C．Old rats.D．Grown-up rats.
【小題3】What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?
A．Estrogen.B．The hormones of pregnancy.
C．More exercise.D．Taking care of children.
【小題4】“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest?
A．The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.
B．The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.
C．The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.
D．The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2010--2011學(xué)年浙江省溫州中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

A woman renewing her driver’s license at the County Clerk’s office was asked to state her occupation．She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself．
“What I mean is,” explained the recorder, “do you have a job, or are you just a …”
“Of course I have a job,” said Emily．“I’m a mother.”
“We don’t list ‘mother’ as an occupation… ‘housewife’ covers it,” said the recorder.
One day I found myself in the same situation．The clerk was obviously a career woman, confident and possessed of a high sounding title．“What is your occupation?” she asked．
The words simply popped out．“I’m a Research Associate in the field of Child Development and Human Relations.”
The clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in midair.
I repeated the title slowly, and then I stared with wonder as my statement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire.
“Might I ask,” said the clerk with new interest, “Just what you do in this field?”
Coolly, without any trace of panic in my voice, I heard myself reply, “I have a continuing program of research (what mother doesn’t）, in the lab and in the field (normally I would have said indoors and out)．Of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities (any mother care to disagree?), and I often work 14 hours a day (24 is more like it)．But the job is more challenging than most careers and rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money.”
There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk’s voice as she completed the form, stood up, and showed me out．
As I drove into our driveway, buoyed up (依托) by my glamorous new career, I was greeted by my lab assistants---ages 13, 7, and 3.
Upstairs I could hear our new experimental model (a 6 month old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal pattern．
I felt proud! I had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and indispensable (不可缺少的) to mankind than “just another mother.”
Motherhood…What a great career! Especially when there’s a title on the door.
【小題1】What can we infer from the conversation between the woman and the recorder at the beginning of the passage?

A．The woman felt ashamed to admit what her job was.
B．The recorder was impatient and rude.
C．The author was upset about the situation that mothers faced.
D．Motherhood was not recognized and respected as a job by society.
【小題2】How did the female clerk feel at first when the author told her occupation?
A．curiousB．indifferent C．puzzledD．interested
【小題3】Why did the woman clerk show more respect for the author?
A．Because the author cared little about rewards.
B．Because she admired the author’s research work in the lab.
C．Because she thought the author did admirable work.
D．Because the writer did something she had little knowledge of.
【小題4】What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To show how you describe your job affects your feelings toward it.
B．To argue that motherhood is a worthy career and deserves respect.
C．To show that the author had a grander job than Emily.
D．To show that being a mother is hard and boring work．

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科目：高中英語 來源：20102011學(xué)年度上海市高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語題 題型：閱讀理解

Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia （癡呆） in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones （荷爾蒙） , U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.

Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s （早老癡呆癥）. University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.

 “Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy are protecting the brain, including estrogen （雌激素）, which we know has many neuroprotective （保護(hù)神經(jīng)的） effects,” Kinsley said.

 “It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview. “They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”

Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.

 “When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.

 “They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations （改變） to the brain.”

1. How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”?

A. Some researchers have told them.

B. Many women say so.

C. They know it by experimenting on rats.

D. They know it through their own experience.

2. What does the phrase “l(fā)itters of pups” mean in the second paragraph?

A. Baby rats.   B. Animals.    C. Old rats.         D. Grown-up rats.

3. What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?

A. Estrogen.                        B. The hormones of pregnancy.

C. More exercise.               D. Taking care of children.

4.“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest?

A. The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.

B. The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.

C. The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.

D. The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.

 

 

 

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