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Waste to Energy—JUST BURN IT!
WHY BURN WASTE?
Waste-to-energy plants generate (產(chǎn)生) enough electricity to supply 2.4 million households in the US. But, providing electricity is not the major advantage of waste-to-energy plants. In fact, it costs more to generate electricity at a waste-to-energy plant than it does at a coal, nuclear, or hydropower plant. 
The major advantage of burning waste is that it considerably reduces the amount of trash going to landfills. The average American produces more than 1,600 pounds of waste a year. If all this waste were landfilled, it would take more than two cubic yards of landfill space. That’s the volume of a box three feet long, three feet wide, and six feet high. If that waste were burned, the ashes would fit into a box three feet long, three feet wide, but only nine inches high!
Some communities in the Northeast may be running out of land for new landfills. And, since most people don’t want landfills in their backyards, it has become more difficult to obtain permits to build new landfills. Taking the country as a whole, the United States has plenty of open space, of course, but it is expensive to transport garbage a long distance to put it into a landfill.
TO BURN OR NOT TO BURN?
Some people are concerned that burning garbage may harm the environment. Like coal plants, waste-to-energy plants produce air pollution when the fuel is burned to produce steam or electricity. Burning garbage releases the chemicals and substances found in the waste. Some chemicals can be a threat to people, the environment, or both, if they are not properly controlled.
Some critics of waste-to-energy plants are afraid that burning waste will hamper (妨礙，阻礙) recycling programs. If everyone sends their trash to a waste-to-energy plant, they say, there will be little motive to recycle. Several states have considered or are considering banning waste-to-energy plants unless recycling programs are in place. Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York City have delayed new waste-to-energy plants, hoping to increase the level of recycling first.
So, what’s the real story? Can recycling and burning waste coexist? At first glance, recycling and waste-to-energy seem to be at odds (不一致), but they can actually complement (彌補) each other. That’s because it makes good sense to recycle some materials, and better sense to burn others.
Let’s look at aluminum, for example. Aluminum mineral is so expensive to mine that recycling aluminum more than pays for itself. Burning it produces no energy. So clearly, aluminum is valuable to recycle and not useful to burn.  
Paper, on the other hand, can either be burned or recycled—it all depends on the price the used paper will bring.
Plastics are another matter. Because plastics are made from petroleum and natural gas, they are excellent sources of energy for waste-to-energy plants. This is especially true since plastics are not as easy to recycle as steel, aluminum, or paper. Plastics almost always have to be hand sorted and making a product from recycled plastics may cost more than making it from new materials. 
To burn or not to burn is not really the question. We should use both recycling and waste-to-energy as alternatives to landfilling.
Waste to Energy—JUST BURN IT!

WHY BURN WASTE?
Advantages of waste to Energy
◆Though at a high (71) _______, waste-to-energy plants can produce enough electricity for 2.4 million US
households.
◆Burning waste can (72) _______ a considerable amount of trash going to landfills.
(73)_______ for landfilling
◆Some communities (74) _______ land for new landfills.
◆Most people refuse to build landfills around.
◆Building landfills in far-away areas will increase the cost of (75) _______ garbage.
TO BURN
OR NOT
TO BURN?
(76) __________ about burning garbage
◆Burning garbage releases chemicals, which, if not
properly controlled, can be (77) _______ to people and the environment.
◆Burning garbage will hamper recycling programs.
Coexistence of recycling and burning waste
Recycling and waste-to-energy can go well with each other in that some materials like aluminum are fit to recycle, while others like plastics are fit to (78) _______.
(79)__________
Whether to burn or not to burn, we should (80) _______ landfilling with both recycling and waste-to-energy to deal with garbage.

71. cost  72. reduce / prevent / stop    73. Difficulties    74. lack     75. transporting
76. Concerns / Worries  77. harmful / dangerous  78. burn 79. Conclusion  80. replace

解析

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The Hong Kong government is set to overhaul(革新) its immigration policy with the aim of making it easier for mainland and overseas talents to live and work in the city. This is a welcome step because it will remove what is widely seen as a major hurdle to Hong Kong’s efforts to attract qualified immigrants to help its development.

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Hong Kong enjoys certain distinct advantages over many Asian cities in the competition for talents. Beyond its vibrant economy, underlined by a free market environment, Hong Kong has a combination of some of the most distinctive elements of Chinese and Western cultures. Hong Kong is as exciting as many other Asian boomtowns, and yet it is no less efficient than a typical European city with a much smaller population. Housing costs are high, but no higher than those in other financial centers. For international banks and multinational corporations, housing costs are a concern only when the opportunity to make money begins to dry up. And this situation is not happening in Hong Kong as the local economy, riding the boom on the mainland, is rapidly expanding.

It is within this context that the government takes the lead to revise its immigration policy, which calls for, among other things, the establishment of a one-stop service center to process all applications under various migrant schemes. This means that an applicant will in future need to submit only one form for processing. Other changes to the policy include the removing of the age restrictions and lowering of experience requirements. Under the present scoring system used to vet applicants, those who are older than 50 and those with less than five years of work experience win no points in their respective categories. The details of the proposed changes have not been announced. But according to a government official quoted by the local press, the aim is to broaden the pool of qualified applicants.

The HK government’s revising its immigration policy

Aims

It aims to (56) _______ the pool of qualified immigrants and attract talents to help its development.

Reasons

Other Asian (57) _______ cities bring great pressure on it.

Low birth rates (58) _______ about rapidly aging population.

Advantages

It has a (59) _______ market environment.

It (60) _______ elements of Chinese culture and those of Western cultures.

It is as (61) _______ as a typical European city.

(62) _______ with other financial centers, housing costs are not

a concern due to the boom on the mainland.

Changes

Applicants will need to (63) _______ in only one form for processing.

The age restrictions are (64) _______.

Experience requirements are (65) _______.

 

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Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences(后果).

Researchers at the University of California in San Diego found that people who sleep 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble in falling asleep and feeling refreshed（恢復體力）after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.

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Previous studies have shown the hidden dangers of lack of sleep for a long time—for instance, one report showed that people who usually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.

For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires (問卷), in which participants(參與者) indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, waking up early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and feeling tired with day-to-day functioning（運轉(zhuǎn)）.

Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night most probably report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that longer sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to deal with insomnia（失眠）is to spend less time in bed. “It means that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake,” he said.  

Title

Sleeping too   81    －Not a good thing.

 Introduction

Although the dangers of too little sleep are known, new research suggests people who  82   may suffer the consequences.

Findings

● People wanting a good night’s rest needn’t sleep more than 8 hours each night.

● People sleeping over 8 hours are   83   to reduce the time in bed.

● People sleeping between 9 and 10 hours are more   84  to experience each sleep problem.

● People sleeping   85    may struggle to get rest at night.        

 

Studies

Previous studies have shown one hidden danger of shortages of sleeps: shorter sleepers may risk their  86   .

 

Report

According to the current report, the participants interviewed indicated their sleeping problems as: waking at midnight, __87__up too early and   88   to fall back asleep.

  89 

One way to   90   insomnia is to spend less time in bed.

 

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Five tips to deal with stress

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Put your body in motion.

Moving from the chair to the couch while watching TV is not being physically active! Physical activity is one of the most important ways to keep stress away by clearing your head and lifting your spirits. Physical activity also increases endorphin levels—the natural “feel-good” chemicals.

Laugh

Some say that laughter is the best medicine—well, in many cases, it is! Did you know that it takes 15 facial muscles to laugh? Lots of laughing can make you feel good—and, that good feeling can stay with you even after the laughter stops. So , head off stress with regular doses of laughter by watching a funny movie or cartoons, reading a joke book, or even make up your own riddles…laughter can make you feel like a new person!

Everyone has those days when they do something really silly or stupid. Instead of getting upset with yourself, laugh out loud! No one’s perfect! Life should be about having fun. So , lighten up!

Have fun with friends.

Being with people you like is always a good way to get rid your stress. Get a group together to go

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Spill （發(fā)泄）to someone you trust.

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Just remember, you don’t have to go it alone!

Lend a hand.

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Remember , you’re not alone—everyone has stresses in their lives…it’s up to you to choose how to deal with them.

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Lead in

We can get rid of stress.

 

Tips

1.Being   71  active.

To keep stress away.

To   72  endorphin levels.

2.  73  up and laugh.

To make you feel good.

To make you feel like a new person.

3.Hanging  74  with friends.

To help you work through your problems.

To make you have a  75  attitude towards things.

4.Talking to someone you trust.

To help you figure out ways to deal with 76  .

5.Taking part in an activity that is  77  to others.

To find out about yourself.

To feel  78  than you can imagine.

Conclusion

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It was the perfect weather for leaf watching, and my housemate Julie and I meant to spend the weekend with our friends in the North Georgia Mountains.

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The sixth sense helped to (76)_______a big fire

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Watching the (79)______

The (80)______ drove her car there after work on Friday with Julie in it.

On the morning of Saturday, they enjoyed the beautiful colors of the leaves along the mountainside.

(81)______ the sixth sense

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●  Then, they went home together, keeping (83)______.

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They opened the door and smoke immediately poured out.

They rushed in and found Mark sleeping on the sofa.

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Manners in every country are different.  What is polite in China may not be polite in the United States. These basic rules will help you enjoy Western food with your American friends.

    Always put the napkin (餐巾 ) on your lap first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.

    Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. Everyone begins to eat at the same time. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served. Some foods may be cold if you wait until everyone is served. If invited to begin before others are served, wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat,

    When eating something in a bowl, do not leave the spoon in the bowl.  Put it on the plate under the bowl. Do not slurp (出聲地喝) the soup. Do not overfill the spoon. Do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.

    Sit up straight at the table. Bring the food up to your mouth. Do not bend down to your plate.

    Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and vegetables into bite-sized pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time.

    When eating noodles, wind (纏) the noodles up on your fork. You may use your spoon to help wind the noodles around your fork. The noodles on your fork should be eaten in one bite（一口）.  It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate.

    Do not lean on your arm while eating. You may rest your hand on the edge of the table.

    Some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat relaxed in informal settings.

    The best way to learn good manners is to watch others. Observe the way your American friends eat. In this way, you won't make mistakes when you are unsure of what to do.

Title

American table 1. __________

Introduction

There are many 2. ________ between American table manners and China's.

 

 

 

 

3.___________ about American table manners

 

● Always put the napkin on your lap, and put the folded napkin beside the plate before4.________the table.

● Eat together. If someone invites you to begin before others are served, you should still5._______until three or four people have been served before you start to eat.

● Put the spoon on the plate under the bowl 6._______ of leaving the spoon in the bowl.

● When you have finished your meal,  place your knife and fork side by side on the plate, which7.________that you have finished eating,

● Sit up straight at the table. Never8._______your body down to your plate when you eat.

● It is9.________ to eat half your noodles with the other half fallingback on your plate.

● Do not lean on your arm while eating.

The best way to learn table manners

Observe how your American friends behave when they eat.  In this way,  you won't make mistakes when you are not 10. _______ of what to do.

 

 

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