18．________ a child begins school，he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured．（　　）
A．BeforeB．UntilC．WheneverD．The moment

分析 孩子一開始上學(xué)就進入了一個殘酷競爭的世界，在這個世界里成功和失敗很清楚地被確定和衡量出來．

解答 答案：D  
before之前，與句意矛盾；until直到，表示enter的動作持續(xù)到begin為止，與句意要表達的意思相反；whenever無論何時，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，孩子開始上學(xué)的時間不是什么時候都可以，不符合事實；the moment用來連接從句時，表示一…就…；句意表達的是孩子一開始上學(xué)就進入了一個競爭的世界，是一個時間狀語從句．故選D．

點評 從屬連詞是連詞的一種，用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和狀語從句．大致可分為三大類：that（無詞義，不做成分）if，whether （表達是否的意義，但不做句子成分）； 連接代詞：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whichever（有詞義，在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語）；連接副詞：when，where，why，how，how many，how long，how far，however，whenever，wherever （有詞義，作從句的狀語）．學(xué)習(xí)時，要注意區(qū)分和掌握．

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