17．You're rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk．Do you stop to help？In a study of by-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on walking rather than stop and get involved．
"There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed．"says a psychologist．"The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．"Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping．
●Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent person in this crowd．You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance．
●What if he doesn't really need my help？The fear of embarrassment is powerful； no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others．
●No one else looks concerned-this must not be a problem．We can follow the people around us，but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public．
"If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on，"says the psychologist．"Then retry to involve other people； you don't have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful．Sometimes it's just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying，‘It looks like we should do something．'Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and，if not，to call for one．Once you take action，most people will follow you．"
56．Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others？B
A．I'm not the very person capable of setting the problenu．
B．It looks like we should do something．
C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned．
D．He doesn't really need my help．
57．According to a study of by-standers，what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk？C
A．They will call for help and then walk away．
B．They will stop and offer help．
C．They will turn away their eyes and go on walking．
D．They will laugh at him．
58．We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot ttouble，C．
A．we sbould call the ambulance as soon as we can．
B．we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone．
C．we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow．
D．we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility
59．In order to offer others your timely help，you need toD．
A．a(chǎn)sk others for help and call the police
B．get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble
C．go directly to the police station
D．work against the rirst thoughts that prevent you offering help
60．The main purpose of the text is to tell readersA．
A．to give others a hand
B．to be more competent
C．not to risk looking foolish
D．to stop and evaluate the situation．
分析 本文是主要講了根據(jù)調(diào)查顯示，在別人遇到困難時，很多人選擇徑直走開，而不是提供幫助．心理學(xué)家從幾個方面分析了其中的原因，并且提倡人們遇到此類情況，要伸出援助之手．
解答 56．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent（有能力的） personin this crowd．排除A；根據(jù)No one elselooks concerned-this must not be a problem．排除C；根據(jù)What if he doesn't really need my help，排除D，故選B．
57．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第一段In a study ofby-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on walkingrather than stop and get involved．在一個研究者，發(fā)現(xiàn)一些人轉(zhuǎn)移視線，繼續(xù)往前走，而不是阻止和參與；故選C．
58．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章最有一段"If you spot trouble andfind yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate thesituation instead of walking on，"如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)麻煩，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己解釋無為，強迫自己停止和評估情況而走以及Once youtake action，most people will follow you．"一旦你采取行動，大多數(shù)人都會跟著你；可知你應(yīng)該戴領(lǐng)大家采取行動；故選C．
59．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段"The first thoughts thatpop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．"流行到你的頭腦的第一個想法往往阻止你提供幫助，為了采取行動，你必須反抗它們；故選D．
60．A．主旨大意題．通讀全文，本文是主要講了根據(jù)調(diào)查顯示，在別人遇到困難時，很多人選擇徑直走開，而不是提供幫助．心理學(xué)家從幾個方面分析了其中的原因，并且提倡人們遇到此類情況，要伸出援助之手．故選A．
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
