4．In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one．The（36）problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of（37）rubbishbecause peopleare throwing out more rubbish than ever before．
How did we （38）becomea throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to（39）replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it．（40）Thanksto  modern manufacturing （制造業(yè)） and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively．Products are plentiful and（41）cheap．
Another cause is our（42）love of disposable （一次性的） products．As（43）brave  people，we are always looking for（44）ways  to save time and make our lives easier．Companies（45）produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few．
Our appetite for new products also（46）contributes to the problem．We are（47）addictedto  buying new things．Advertisements persuade us that（48）neweris better and that we will be happier with the latest products．The result is that we（49）throwaway  useful possessions to make room for new ones．
All around the world，we can see the（50）consequences  of this throwaway lifestyle．Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger．To（51）decrease  the amount of rubbish and to protect theenvironment52environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials．（53）However，this is not enough to solve （解決） our problem．
Maybe there is another way out．We need to repair our possessions（54）insteadof throwing them away．We also need to rethink our attitudes about（55）repairing．Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment．

36．A．keyB．reasonC．projectD．problem
37．A．giftsB．rubbishC．debtD．products
38．A．faceB．becomeC．observeD．change
39．A．hideB．controlC．replaceD．withdraw
40．A．Thanks toB．As toC．Except forD．Regardless of
41．A．safeB．funnyC．cheapD．powerful
42．A．loveB．lackC．preventionD．division
43．A．sensitiveB．kindC．braveD．busy
44．A．waysB．placesC．jobsD．friends
45．A．donateB．receiveC．produceD．preserve
46．A．a(chǎn)daptsB．returnsC．respondsD．contributes
47．A．tired ofB．a(chǎn)ddicted toC．worried aboutD．a(chǎn)shamed for
48．A．newerB．strongerC．higherD．larger
49．A．pick upB．pay forC．hold ontoD．throw away
50．A．a(chǎn)dvantagesB．purposesC．functionsD．consequences
51．A．showB．recordC．decreaseD．measure
52．A．technologyB．environmentC．consumersD．brands
53．A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．ThereforeD．Meanwhile
54．A．byB．in favour ofC．a(chǎn)fterD．instead of
55．A．spendingB．collectingC．repairingD．a(chǎn)dvertising．

分析 本文是一篇議論文，文章主要講的是堆積如山的垃圾給環(huán)境帶來的威脅．隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們傾向于扔掉用舊物，用新物品取而代之．包裝盒等一次性產(chǎn)品給人們帶來方便的同時，也給環(huán)境帶來很大的壓力．
文章還建議人們養(yǎng)成循環(huán)利用的習慣，以此來減少垃圾的產(chǎn)生并減輕環(huán)境的壓力．

解答 36．D 考查名詞辨析．根據(jù)第二行"the world…"可知，出現(xiàn)的問題是垃圾堆積如山，故選D．
37．B 考查名詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，因為人們現(xiàn)在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆積成了山，故選B．
38．B 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，根據(jù)"first of all…"可知，這里講的是亂扔垃圾的原因，故選B．
39．C 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，與花時間和錢修理相比，現(xiàn)在更容易更換物品，故選C．
40．A 考查短語辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，多虧了當代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)，公司能夠更快地生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，成本也降低很多，故選A．
41．C 考查形容詞辨析．根據(jù)"inexpensively"可知，成本降低的話，產(chǎn)品價格相對也會降低，故選C．
42．A 考查名詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，另一個原因是人們對一次性產(chǎn)品的鐘愛，故選A．
43．D 考查形容詞辨析．根據(jù)"we are always looking for…"可知，人們總是在節(jié)省時間，說明人們很忙碌，故選D．
44．A 考查名詞辨析．a(chǎn) way to do sth做某事的方法，是固定搭配，故選A．
45．C 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)大量的一次性產(chǎn)品，故選C．
46．D 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，人們對新產(chǎn)品的欲望促成了這一問題，故選D．
47．B 考查短語辨析．根據(jù)"appetite"可知，人們癡迷于購買新產(chǎn)品，故選B．
48．A 考查形容詞比較級．根據(jù)句意可知，廣告使人們相信新的更好，故選A．
49．D 考查動詞短語．根據(jù)句意可知，人們?nèi)拥糇约旱奈锲穪頌樾碌尿v地方，故選D．
50．D 考查名詞辨析．根據(jù)下句可知，這里指的是亂扔垃圾的后果，故選D．
51．C 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，越來越多的政府要求人們循環(huán)使用物品，這樣做是為了減少垃圾，故選C．
52．B 名詞辨析．根據(jù)語境可知，要求人們循環(huán)利用也是為了保護環(huán)境，故選B．
53．A 考查副詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，然而，只是要求人們循環(huán)利用是遠遠不夠的，故選A．
54．D 考查介詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，我們需要修理我們的財物，而不是扔掉它們，故選D．
55．C 考查動詞辨析．根據(jù)句意可知，我們也需要重新考慮對修理的態(tài)度，根據(jù)下句"repairing…"可知答案，故選C．

點評 解答此類題目可遵循以下步驟：第一步，通讀全文，了解文章大意，獲得整體印象，同時初選出一批較有把握的答案．第二步，邊核對初選答案邊補填留下的空格．如果短文難度較大，則可復讀幾遍，核對和確定答案．有些空一時決定不了，可作個記號，待復查時再確定． 第三步，復查定稿．從整體理解角度出發(fā)，仔細審核答案，確保意義上、語法上沒有錯誤，同時對遺留下來的少數(shù)幾個空格作最后選擇．

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