Question

14．A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning what's happening in their brains．
When you look at something，your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain．Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send．Cells in your brain called neurons（神經(jīng)元） are responsible for this processing．
　　The fMRI （functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging功能性磁共振造影） brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at．
　　Like cells anywhere else in your body，active neurons use oxygen．Blood brings oxygen to the neurons，and the more active a neuron is，the more oxygen it will consume．The more active a region of the brain，the more active its neurons，and in turn，the more blood will travel to that region．And by using fMRI，scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood--and therefore，which parts are working to process information．
　　An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain．The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks，looks at something，or carries out an activity like speaking or reading．By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images，fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images．
　　The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects，like people，animals，and fruits．The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers'brain activity with each photograph they looked at．Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers'brains to light up on the scan，indicating activity．The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see．
In a second test，the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures．Like before，their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image．This time，the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image．For example，if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly，related to pictures of apples in the first test，their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples．
51．What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes？C
A．A small region of the brain．
B．The central part of the brain．
C．Neurons in the brain．
D．Oxygen-rich blood．
52．Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer？D
A．Cells in your brain are called neurons．
B The more oxygen a neuron consumes，the more blood it needs．
C fMRI helps scientists to discover which parts of the brain process information．
D fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently．
53．"Highlighting the areas of the brain at work"meansA
A．"marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"
B．"giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information"
C．"putting the parts of the brain to work"
D．"stopping the parts of the brain from working"
54．What did the researchers experiment on？B
A Animals，objects，and fruits．
B Two volunteers．
C fMRI machines．
D Thousands of pictures．
55．What is the best title for the passage？A
A．Mind-reading Machine
B．A Technological Dream
C．Device that can Help You Calculate
D．The Recent Development in Science and Technology．

Answer 1

分析 本文為科技說(shuō)明文，文章告訴我們研究者能夠通過(guò)fMRI瀏覽大腦活動(dòng)預(yù)測(cè)人們看到的物體．fMRI幫助科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦的某一部分接受了更多的含氧豐富的血液，找到大腦工作的區(qū)域；然后幫助科學(xué)家把大腦活動(dòng)的具體模式和不同的圖象聯(lián)系起來(lái)，最終判斷人們看到的物體．

解答 51．答案是C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題；由第二段中的"Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send．Cells in your brain called neurons（神經(jīng)元） are responsible for this processing．（大腦的不同區(qū)域處理眼睛發(fā)送的信息．大腦中被稱之為神經(jīng)元的細(xì)胞負(fù)責(zé)處理）"可以判斷大腦中的神經(jīng)元處理眼睛發(fā)送的信息，故選C．
52．答案是D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題；由第四段中"．And by using fMRI，scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood--and therefore，which parts are working to process information．（通過(guò)運(yùn)用fMRI，科學(xué)家能夠看見(jiàn)大腦的哪一部分接受更多含氧豐富的血液，因此這部分就在處理信息．）"可知，fMRI是幫助科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦的哪一部分處理信息，而非如何聰明地開(kāi)發(fā)大腦，故選D．
53．答案是A．語(yǔ)句理解題；由第四段的最后一句判斷，科學(xué)家通過(guò)發(fā)現(xiàn)哪一部分接受的含氧豐富的血液多，哪一部分就在處理信息；結(jié)合第五段中"By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images，fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images．"可知，標(biāo)注了運(yùn)行的區(qū)域，fMRI能夠幫助科學(xué)家把大腦活動(dòng)的具體模式與不同的形象聯(lián)系起來(lái)，故選A．
54．答案選B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題；由第六段的第一句"The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects，like people，animals，and fruits．"可知，研究者讓兩名志愿者看不同的圖片檢測(cè)他們大腦的活動(dòng)，故選B．
55．答案是A；主旨大意題；本文為科技說(shuō)明文，文章告訴我們研究者能夠通過(guò)fMRI瀏覽大腦活動(dòng)預(yù)測(cè)人們看到的物體，然后對(duì)此展開(kāi)說(shuō)明：理論依據(jù)和如何實(shí)驗(yàn)；可見(jiàn)本文主要是向我們介紹fMRI如何幫助人們讀懂大腦的活動(dòng)，故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 科普文通常學(xué)術(shù)性較強(qiáng)，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，往往采用總-分-總或總-分的結(jié)構(gòu)，且每段的第一句話大多是主旨句．如果抓住了科普文的首尾和每段的第一句話，那么整篇文章的中心思想便了然于心．在做細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)根據(jù)題干定位細(xì)節(jié)，在語(yǔ)境中正確理解原句，然后對(duì)照選項(xiàng)做出合理的判斷．