16.Why College Is Not Home
The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.However,now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence,during which many of today's students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.
For previous generations,college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades,however,continued connection with and dependence on family,thanks to cellphones,email and social media,have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility,universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.
To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.This process involves"trying on"new ways of thinking about oneself bothe intellectually(在思維方面) and personally.While we should provide"safe spaces"within colleges,we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.
Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.Because a college community(群體) differs from the family,many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
Moreover,the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults:the response to being controlled by their elders.If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(規(guī)定) and controlled,the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.
It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out,particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency.What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent's desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.Therefore,there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.
Every college discussion about community values,social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation,of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

67.What's the author's attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?B
A.Sympathetic                          B.Disapproving
C.Supportive                           D.Neutral
68.The underlined word"passage"in Paraghaph 2meansA.
A.change                               B.choice
C.text                                 D.extension
69.According to the anthor,what role should college play?D
A.to develop a shared identity among students
B.to define and regulate students'social behavior
C.To provide a safe world without tension for students
D.To foster students'intellectual and personal development
70.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?C

分析 本文講述了當下的大學教育現(xiàn)狀--大學原本是培養(yǎng)學生獨立性和成年特征的場所,是學生從"家"到"社會"的過渡,然而現(xiàn)在的大學教育卻成了青年的"安居"場所,青年人越來越不能承擔起作為成年人的責任.作者分析了形成這種現(xiàn)象的原因并且提出了相關(guān)的改進建議.

解答 67.B 猜測作者情感態(tài)度.第二段記敘了這種現(xiàn)象--上一代人里,大學生是從同齡人中獲得幫助和指引;而這二十年里,大學生從父母處獲得幫助.第三段里作者表明了自己的態(tài)度--To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.以及While we should provide"safe spaces"within colleges,we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.以及綜合全文的中心思想(可在第一段和最后一段找到),作者并不贊同"continued parental guidance to college students"(大學生繼續(xù)父母的指導).故答案為B dissaproving.
68.A 詞義理解題.可在第二段找到原句"Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility,universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home."結(jié)合句意可知,接受家的庇護到大學生的獨立性和承擔成人的責任是一個"過渡",是一種變化過程,因此答案為A,change.
69.D 中心思想歸納題.由全文大意以及最后一段總結(jié)段的作者的意見Every college discussion about community values,social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation,of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.以及第三段的關(guān)鍵句Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.可知第三段關(guān)鍵句的同義句是D選項,作者主張加強大學生的獨立性以及個性發(fā)展.故答案為D.
70.C 寫作結(jié)構(gòu)分析題.全文第一段作者提出了全文的中心思想,最后一段再次呼吁.第二和三段是現(xiàn)象和建議的關(guān)系(第二段陳述的是一種現(xiàn)象"在孩子上大學時,家長仍繼續(xù)指引;學校也提倡給大學生提供跟家一樣舒適的環(huán)境.",第三段提出針對這一現(xiàn)象的建議),第四五段是對第三段的建議進行分述,第六段是進一步說明第五段的內(nèi)容--如果不這樣做的話產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.因此答案為C.

點評 做本題時,首先需要通讀全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次,快速瀏覽后面的題目,并結(jié)合問題到文中相應的段落去尋找答案;另外,本文問題的設(shè)置旨在考查對全文或段落的主旨大意的概括上,因此在平時的閱讀訓練中,要學會找文章的中心段,或段落的中心句,并加以概括,從而提煉出文章或段落的主旨大意.

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