Question

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理學家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
【小題1】The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean _______ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.

A．great and important; common

B．pretty and handsome; ordinary-looking

C．bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understanding

D．hopeful and helpful; careless

【小題2】A person ________ is more likely to become a genius.

A．whose parents are clever

B．often thinking about difficult problems

C．often helped by his parents and teachers

D．born with a good brain and putting it into active use

【小題3】It is better for parents ________.

A．to praise and encourage their children more often

B．to be hard on their children

C．to leave their children alone with nothing to do

D．to give their children as much help as possible

【小題4】Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

A．Parents play an important part in their children’s growth.

B．Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.

C．The less you use your mind the duller you may become.

D．What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion.

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文討論的是關于影響孩子智力發(fā)展的因素，有先天的因素也有后天的鍛煉。
【小題1】C 推理題。根據(jù)第一段What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool?說明這里的intelligent和dull都是關于智力表現(xiàn)的意思，和愛因斯坦一樣的就是intelligent，相反的就是dull，故C正確。
【小題2】D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段前一半內容說明從小時候要給孩子適當?shù)挠柧�，讓他們的思維能得到鍛煉，故D項正確。
【小題3】A 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后3行So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”說明我們要經(jīng)常表揚我們的孩子，給他們以積極的心理暗示，故A正確。
【小題4】B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段1,2行We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise.說明出生并不能決定我們的智力。后天的培養(yǎng)也很重要，故B項正確。
考點：考查社會知識類短文
點評：本題考查的推理題較多，推斷題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋�？忌�首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。