Question

It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents．The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar （留下疤痕） a child's personality and incline to emotional problems in later life．Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three, and many people do believe this．But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion．

Firstly, anthropologists （人類學(xué)家） point out that the hidden love between children and parents found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies．For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngonis the father and mother of a child did not raise their infant alone．But traditional societies are so different from modern societies that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to understand．

Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents and caretakers found that children had problems with it．But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects．The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be noticed by the use of statistics．Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial．

Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on children's development．But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue．

1.This passage is mainly talking about________．

    A．children's personality                     

B．a(chǎn)dvantages of infants' early care

    C．infants' education                    

D．negative effect of infant school

2.The phrase "day care   in the first paragraph probably means_____.

    A．nursing school                          B．baby-sitter

    C．boarding school                         D．primary school

3.According to Bowlby, children under the age of three______．

    A．should not be sent to school

    B．should be cared for outside the home

    C．will not suffer fro m parental separation

    D．don't mind who will look after them

4.The argument against Bowlby's conclusion shows that___．

    A．children have problems with day care

    B．there is no negative effect on infants who go to school before three

    C．there is a long-term effect on infants who go to school before three

    D．children who are sent to school before three are sent to mental illness

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.C

2.A

3.A

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：

1.C 主旨大意題。文章主要討論的是嬰兒的教育問(wèn)題，嬰兒是與父母在一起好，還是交給護(hù)理學(xué)校去照顧更好。文章展開了這樣的一個(gè)討論。故C正確。

2.A 推理題。根據(jù)第一段第五行that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three說(shuō)明這里的day care是指那些護(hù)理孩子的機(jī)構(gòu)，故A正確。

3.A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段5,6行Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three說(shuō)明A正確。

4.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。。根據(jù)文章最后一段2,3行they have reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on children's development說(shuō)明在三歲前把孩子送到day care也沒(méi)有說(shuō)明消極的影響，故B正確。

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