14.Wouldn't it be great if you could just look up at the sky and read the weather forecast right away?Well,you can.The forecast is written in clouds.If you can read that writing,you can tell something about the atmosphere.With some practice,you can become a pretty good weather forecaster.Who knows,you might even do as well as meteorologists(氣象學(xué)家).
Meteorologists use much more information than just the appearance of the clouds to make their forecast.They collect data(數(shù)據(jù))from all over the world.Then they put it into powerful,high speed computers.This does give the meteorologists an advantage,because they can track(追蹤)weather patterns as they move from west to east across the country.But you have an advantage,too.You can look at the sky and get your data directly.A meteorologist uses a computer forecast that's several hours old to make a local forecast.
What are you seeing when you look at a cloud?"A picture of moisture(水汽)is doing in the atmosphere,"says meteorologist Peter Leavitt.There's moisture throughout the atmosphere.Most of the time you don't see it,because it's in the form of an unseeable gas called water vapor.Sometimes,the temperature of the air gets cold enough to cause the waster vapor to change to liquid water.It's called condensation(凝結(jié)),and we see it happen all the time (for example,when humid air from the shower hits the cold glasses of a mirror).When enough water vapor condenses(冷凝),droplets(小滴)come in the air.These droplets scatter(分散) light.A cloud is seen.
Watching clouds over a day or two tells you a lot more than a single cloud about the weather to come.Changes in clouds show changes in the atmosphere.You should begin to notice patterns.Certain clouds,following each other in order,can signal an approaching storm.But don't take our word for it; see for yourself.
32.According to the passage,an ordinary person might read the weather forecast as well as meteorologistsA.
A.with some simple practice looking up at the sky
B.with the help of the high-speed computers
C.through complex (復(fù)雜的) instruments
D.by visiting a weather station
33.Meteorologists can make their weather forecastC.
A.by using information of the appearance of the clouds only
B.by collecting data from parts of the world
C.by collecting and analyzing(分析)the data
D.by watching the sky
34.According to the passage,your advantage in weather forecast is thatB.
A.you have a high-speed computer
B.you observe the sky and get your data directly
C.you have more instruments at home
D.you can track weather patterns as they move from west to east across the country
35.This passage mainly tells us about how toC.
A.train ourselves as meteorologists
B.be an assistant to a meteorologist
C.forecast the weather by ourselves
D.broadcast the weather forecast.
分析 本文為科教類說明文,說明普通人通過觀察云能夠預(yù)測天氣;氣象學(xué)家通過收集和分析數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測天氣,我們可以抬頭看天上的云直接預(yù)測天氣;大氣中的水汽凝結(jié),形成小水滴.這些水滴能散射光,就形成了我們看到的云. 觀察云層在一、兩天內(nèi)的變化,比單看一塊云朵能告訴我們更多關(guān)于未來天氣的信息.云層的變化顯示出大氣層的變化.我們應(yīng)該從留意云的變化的模式開始.有時,云彩按一定順序變化,能暗示一場即將到來的暴風(fēng)雨.
解答 32.答案是A.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞as well as meteorologist定位第一段"With some practice,you can become a pretty good weather forecaster.通過一些實踐練習(xí),你可以成為非常不錯的天氣預(yù)測員";因此普通人要做到看云識天氣,靠的主要是多觀察天空的經(jīng)驗.故選A.
33.答案是C.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞make their weather forecast定位本文第二段.根據(jù)第一句"Meteorologists use much more information than just the appearance of the clouds to make their forecast.氣象學(xué)家借助于更多的信息而不只是云層的狀況來做天氣預(yù)報",排除A;根據(jù)第二句"They collect data(數(shù)據(jù))from all over the world.他們在全球范圍內(nèi)收集數(shù)據(jù)",排除B;文章沒有提及氣象學(xué)家觀察天空,排除D.從此段最后一句"A meteorologist uses a computer forecast that's several hours old to make a local forecast.氣象學(xué)家利用幾個小時前整理好的電腦預(yù)報數(shù)據(jù)來做出局部地區(qū)的天氣預(yù)報"可以看出是要對數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,由此得出選項by collecting and analyzing this data,所以C項是正確的
34.答案是B.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞your advantage可定位第二段"You can look at the sky and get your data directly.你觀察天空然后直接得出數(shù)據(jù)";只有選項B符合原文,其他三個選項都是氣象學(xué)家的優(yōu)勢.
35.答案是C.主旨題.本文的開頭通過反問句告訴了我們可以抬頭看天空中的云預(yù)測天氣.下文第二段和第三段分析我們觀察天空預(yù)測天氣的優(yōu)勢和依據(jù);全文最后一句又再次重申了作者的主要觀點.
點評 閱讀要整體理解文章,在做細節(jié)題時根據(jù)題干定位細節(jié),在語境中正確理解原句,然后對照選項做出合理的判斷;必要的時候要進行推理,透過句子表面看作者的真正意圖.如果是主旨大意的判斷要把握文章整體,避免以偏概全.