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　　LOS ANGELES(Reuters)－Onions make you cry, add flavor to food and are talked about a lot for their medicinal benefits．Now the vegetable has another use－powering up green energy．

　　A new system debuts on Friday that changes onion juice into electricity at Gills Onions, the largest fresh onion processor(加工機(jī))in the United States．

　　The Oxnard, California-based company expects its new onion-fueled power to reduce its electric bill by ＄700, 000 a year and cut its annual greenhouse gas releasing by up to 30,000 tons．The happy ending to this green energy tale, however, generated another question：how to get rid of onion waste．“When we peel an onion, 35 to 40 percent of the onion comes off before we have a usable onion．That’s the top, tail and skins around the onion before you get to the meat,” said Steven Gill, co-owner of the 25-year-old company．

　　They used to take the waste to the fields for composting(堆肥)but that became a problem as it cost too much．Ten years ago, Gill started looking at technology for a solution．“We ended up destroying the skins as they come out of the plant and extracting all the juice, which is very high in sugars, and bacteria love it,” Gill said．

　　In the new system, bacteria produce methane gas(沼氣)from the juice．The gas then goes to two 300 kilowatt fuel cells, creating enough power for 460 homes．The company expects to get 35 to 40 percent of its electricity from this new system．

　　The company invested ＄9．5 million in the project and will receive ＄2．7 million from Southern California Gas Co．, a regulated subsidiary of Sempra Energy, as part of a state program to encourage self-contained generation by businesses．In addition to cutting its electric bill, the company will save ＄400,000 in costs of taking the waste to the fields and expects pay-back in six years．

　　The onion grower now has a new goal：to be a zero-waste facility by 2013．

　　“We wanted to follow it all the way through and make the full circle,” Gill said．

(1)

What would be the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．

Onions are made use of in America now

B．

US company finds a new way to reduce costs

C．

Onions are widely used to produce electricity now

D．

US company turns onion juice into electricity

(2)

According to the passage, we can learn that in the past __________．

[　　]

A．

onion waste was a problem for most people

B．

a big part of an onion was wasted

C．

onions were mainly used as medicine

D．

onions were not liked by most people

(3)

In the new system, onions can be used to produce electricity mainly because __________．

[　　]

A．

the skins of onions can be destroyed easily

B．

the onion waste is taken to the fields

C．

a lot of bacteria are put into onions

D．

bacteria can produce methane gas from onion juice

(4)

It is implied in the passage that __________．

[　　]

A．

every family can use onions to produce electricity

B．

this new technology is not well received by some people

C．

onions have played the most important role in producing power

D．

using onions to produce electricity will help reduce pollution

(5)

In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?

[　　]

A．

Science

B．

Education

C．

Health

D．

Agriculture

答案：1．D;2．B;3．D;4．D;5．A;
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科目：高中英語 來源：中學(xué)教材標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)案英語高二上冊(cè) 題型：050

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　　Volcanoes trigger(引發(fā)) strange weather. Mount Tamora's 1815 eruption near Java made enormous effect on weather. Summer crops in France failed, causing food shortages. On the east coast of the U. S., it snowed in June, and in July many people in the normally hot American South awoke to find their fields white with frost. The cold touch of a volcano's hot breath made 1816 what came to be called “the year without a summer”.

　　According to current theory, heat welling up from within the earth forces geologic movements of continents and triggers volcanoes. However the upwelling of heat from deep beneath us keeps Earth alive. For one thing, wither would wear away the land. Second, rainfall is constantly washing key elements of life, such as carbon and sulfur, into the world's oceans.

　　Volcanic eruptions bring about other surprising consequences(結(jié)果). Despite the risk of future explosion, volcanic regions attract farmers because crops grow wonderfully in their mineral-enriched soils. The Antarctic volcano Mount Erebus dusts the white continent with microscopic particles(微小的顆粒) of pure gold when it erupts. And volcanic conduits called kimberlite[金伯利巖(常含鉆石)] pipes in southern Africa and Siberia become depositories(儲(chǔ)藏) for diamonds squeezed(從……中獲取的) from carbon in the fieryroots of volcanoes.

　　American, British, French and German scientists are developing and testing something called Hot, Dry Rock(HDR) technology. “This technology could offer clean, reliable(可靠的), cheap energy to billions of people around the world,” says Los Alamos HDR Program Manager David Duchane, “and it's under our feet right now.”

1．The 1816 food shortages in France are believed to have resulted f from ________.

[　　]

A．the extreme cold weather all over Europe in 1815

B．the frost in southern American states in July, 1816

C．the snowing on the east coast of the U. S. in June, 1816

D．the volcanic eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815

2．From the passage, we know that frequent volcanic eruptions are caused by ________.

[　　]

A．the raging heat from within the earth

B．unbalanced global weather changes

C．geologic movements of continents on Earth

D．the human-created atmospheric heat that envelops our planet

3．Farmers may go and work in the volcanic regions because ________.

[　　]

A．they find nowhere to settle down for farming

B．the soil there promises better yield

C．they are curious about volcanic eruptions

D．they are entirely ignorant of the risk of future eruption

4．The HDR technology ________.

[　　]

A．is not only inexpensive but also applicable(能應(yīng)用的) everywhere

B．provides cheap energy but its use is limited to volcanic regions

C．taps geothermal-energy and makes water clean

D．promises an ideal substitute for any forms of energy now in use

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科目：高中英語 來源：全優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)必修五英語北師版 北師版 題型：050

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　　Success or failures of employees in the workplace can be traced to what kind of father they had, a psychologist argues in a new book．

　　In The Father Factor, Stephan Poulter lists five styles of fathers－super-achieving, time-bomb, passive, absent and warm-hearted－who have powerful influences on the careers of their sons and daughters．

　　Children of the “time-bomb” father, for example, who explodes in anger at his family, learn how to read people and their moods．Those abilities make them good at such jobs as personnel managers or negotiators, he writes．

　　But those same children may have trouble feeling safe and developing trust, said Poulter, a clinical psychologist who also works with children in Los Angeles schools．

　　“I’ve seen more people hit their heads on what they call a glass ceiling or cement wall in their careers, and it’s what I call the father factor,” Poulter said in an interview．“What role did your father have in your life?It’s this unknown variable that has this huge influence because we’re all sons and daughters．”

　　Styles of fathering can affect whether their children get along with others at work, have a team spirit, worry too much about their careers, burn out or become the boss, Poulter writes．

　　Even absent fathers affect how their children work, he writes．

　　Those children may be overachievers, becoming the person their father never was, or develop such anger toward supervisors or authority figures that they work best when they are self-employed, he writes．

　　Poulter co-authored an earlier book on mothers and daughters called Mending the Broken Bough．The Fatehr Factor is set for release next month by Prometheus Books．

(1)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Fathers’ influences on how their children work．

B．

Fathers’ impact on their children．

C．

Father and the family life．

D．

Father can be important to family members．

(2)

The underlined sentence in the passage means ________．

[　　]

A．

the person who succeeds in his/her career is affected by his/her father．

B．

fathers will help you to overcome difficulties．

C．

the father factor is very important in one’s job．

D．

the person who often gets trouble in society finds the deep root in his/her father．

(3)

According to what Poulter has written, the son of a “time-bomb” father ________．

[　　]

A．

is good at cooperating with others

B．

tends to be angry at others

C．

often loses temper at home

D．

is likely to become a leader in the future

(4)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．

The person with a “time-bomb” father is always confident．

B．

We are all influenced more or less by our fathers．

C．

The person without his father’s company will not be affected by the father factor．

D．

The father factor is more important than the mother factor．

(5)

According to the passage, we learn that ________．

[　　]

A．

only absent fathers won’t affect their children

B．

the father factor has greater effect on boys

C．

the time-bomb father is the worst of fathers of different styles

D．

whether children have a team spirit also has something to do with the styles of their fathers

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科目：高中英語 來源：黑龍江省鶴崗一中2010－2011學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　I travel a lot, and I find out different“styles”of directions every time when I ask“How can I get to the post office?”

　　Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets there don't have names; in Japan, people use landmarks(地標(biāo))in their directions instead of street names．For example, the Japanese will say to travelers,“Go straight down to the corner．Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market．The post office is across from the bus stop．”

　　In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks．There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles．Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances．In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say,“Go north two miles．Turn east, and then go another mile．”People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles．“How far away is the post office?”you ask．“Oh,”they answer,“it's about five minutes from here．”You say,“Yes, but how many miles away is it?”They don't know．

　　It's true that a person doesn't know the answer to your question sometimes．What happens in such a situation?A New Yorker might say,“Sorry, I have no idea．”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers“I don't know．”People in Yucatan believe that“I don't know”is impolite．They usually give an answer, often a wrong one．A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!

(1)

When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually ________．

[　　]

A．

describe the place carefully

B．

show him a map of the place

C．

tell him the names of the streets

D．

refer to recognizable(可認(rèn)出的)buildings and places

(2)

What is the place where people measure distance in time?

[　　]

A．

New York．

B．

Los Angeles．

C．

Kansas．

D．

Iowa．

(3)

People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________．

[　　]

A．

in order to save time

B．

as a test

C．

so as to be polite

D．

for fun

(4)

What can we infer from the text?

[　　]

A．

It's important for travelers to understand cultural differences．

B．

It's useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly．

C．

People have similar understandings of politeness．

D．

New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors．

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科目：高中英語 來源：安徽省師大附中2012屆高三第四次模擬考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　British potato farmers were angry and wanted the expression “couch potato” to be taken out of the dictionary because it harmed the vegetable's image．

　　The British Potato Council wants the Oxford English Dictionary to replace the expression with the term “couch slouch”, with protests being outside Parliament in London and the offices of Oxford University Press．

　　Kathryn Race, head of marketing at the Council, which represents some 4,000 planters and processors, said the group had complained in writing to the OED but had yet to receive a response．

　　“We are trying to get rid of the image that potatoes are bad for you,” she said on Monday．

　　“The potato has had its knocks in the past．Of course it is not the Oxford English Dictionary's fault but we want to use another term instead of “couch potato” because potatoes are naturally healthy．”

　　The OED says that “couch potato” began as American slang, meaning “a person who spends his or her leisure time sitting around, especially watching television or video tapes．”

　　The Potato Council says its campaign is backed by dieticians(飲食學(xué)家)who say the vegetable is low in fat and high in vitamin C．

　　Supporting the campaign, famous cook Antony Worrall Thompson said the vegetable was one of Britain's favorite foods．

　　“Not only are they healthy, they are also convenient and yummy(美味)．Life without potato is like a sandwich without a filling,” he said．

　　John Simpson, chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, said the dictionary first included the term “couch potato” in 1993 and said “dictionaries just reflect the words that society uses．”

　　Simpson said words were never taken out of the full-length dictionary, which includes some 650,000 words in 20 volumes．

　　But little-used words can be removed from the smaller dictionaries to make way for newer ones．

　　“If society stops using words then they get taken out of the smaller dictionaries,” he added．

　　The first known recorded use of the expression “couch potato” was in an article in Los Angeles Times, in 1979, Simpson said．

　　Nigel Evans, a member of Parliament for the Ribble Valley in Lancashire, has made a motion in support of the campaign, highlighting the nutritional value of the British potato．

(1)

British potato farmers wanted to ________．

[　　]

A．

advertise their produces

B．

call for a higher price for their potatoes

C．

remove the expression “couch potato” from the dictionary

D．

let people know how important the potato is in people's lives

(2)

The farmers think that ________．

[　　]

A．

potatoes have had a bad image

B．

Potatoes are good for people by nature

C．

potatoes sometimes do harm to people

D．

it's the dictionary's fault to use the expression “couch potato”

(3)

John Simpson thinks that ________．

[　　]

A．

the expression can be taken out of every kind of dictionary

B．

dictionaries do not necessarily reflect the words the society uses

C．

little-used words can remain in the smaller dictionaries

D．

it is impossible for them to take the expression out of the dictionary

(4)

What is wrong with the expression “couch potato” according to the farmers in this passage?

[　　]

A．

It is connected with unfavorable meaning．

B．

Potato should be used in the expression．

C．

It is borrowed from America English．

D．

It refers to a kind of person．

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科目：高中英語 來源：安徽省合肥八中2012屆高三上學(xué)期第四次月考英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　British potato farmers were angry and wanted the expression “couch potato” to be taken out of the dictionary because it harmed the vegetable’s image．

　　The British Potato Council wants the Oxford English Dictionary to replace the expression with the term “couch slouch”, with protests being outside Parliament in London and the offices of Oxford University Press．

　　Kathryn Race, head of marketing at the Council, which represents some 4,000 planters and processors, said the group had complained in writing to the OED but had yet to receive a response．

　　“We are trying to get rid of the image that potatoes are bad for you,” she said on Monday．

　　“The potato has had its knocks in the past．Of course it is not the Oxford English Dictionary’s fault but we want to use another term instead of “couch potato” because potatoes are naturally healthy．”

　　The OED says that “couch potato” began as American slang, meaning “a person who spends his or her leisure time sitting around, especially watching television or video tapes．”

　　The Potato Council says its campaign is backed by dieticians(飲食學(xué)家)who say the vegetable is low in fat and high in vitamin C．

　　Supporting the campaign, famous cook Antony Worrall Thompson said the vegetable was one of Britain’s favorite foods．

　　Not only are they healthy, they are also convenient and yummy(美味)．Life without potato is like a sandwich without a filling,” he said．

　　John Simpson, chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, said the dictionary first included the term “couch potato” in 1993 and said “dictionaries just reflect the words that society uses．”

　　Simpson said words were never taken out of the full-length dictionary, which includes some 650,000 words in 20 volumes．

　　But little-used words can be removed from the smaller dictionaries to make way for newer ones．

　　“If society stops using words then they get taken out of the smaller dictionaries,” he added．

　　The first known recorded use of the expression “couch potato” was in an article in Los Angeles Times, in 1979, Simpson said．

　　Nigel Evans, a member of Parliament for the Ribble Valley in Lancashire, has made a motion in support of the campaign, highlighting the nutritional value of the British potato．

(1)

British potato farmers wanted to ________．

[　　]

A．

advertise their produces

B．

call for a higher price for their potatoes

C．

remove the expression “couch potato” from the dictionary

D．

let people know how important the potato is in people’s lives

(2)

The farmers think that ________．

[　　]

A．

potatoes have had a bad image

B．

potatoes are good for people by nature

C．

potatoes sometimes do harm to people

D．

it’s the dictionary’s fault to use the expression “couch potato”

(3)

John Simpson thinks that ________．

[　　]

A．

the expression can be taken out of every kind of dictionary

B．

dictionaries do not necessarily reflect the words the society uses

C．

little-used words can remain in the smaller dictionaries

D．

it is impossible for them to take the expression out of the dictionary

(4)

What is wrong with the expression “couch potato” according to the farmers in this passage?

[　　]

A．

It is connected with unfavorable meaning．

B．

Potato should be used in the expression．

C．

It is borrowed from American English．

D．

It refers to a kind of person．

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