Last night’s meteor (流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valley’s mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.
“My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”
Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.
There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (遷徙的) birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”
Countless more animal casualties (傷亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings. But some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person’s chances of getting cancer.
Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.
小題1:It happened last night that _____.
A．the city’s lights affected the meteor watching
B．the meteors flew past before being noticed
C．the city light show attracted many people
D．the meteor watching ended up a social outing
小題2:What do the astronomers complain about?
A．Meteor showers occur less often than before.
B．Their observation equipment is in poor repair.
C．Light pollution has remained unsolved for years.
D．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.
小題3:What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?
A．Birds may take other migration paths.
B．Animals’ living habits may change suddenly
C．Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced
D．Animals’ survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.
小題4:Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to _____.
A．lessen the chance of getting cancer
B．create an ideal observation condition
C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night
D．enable all creatures to live in harmony
小題5:What message does the author most want to give us?
A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.
B．Great efforts should be made to save energy.
C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly.
D．New equipment should be introduced for space study..

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:C

【文章大意】許多人想在晚上看流星雨，結(jié)果由于光線太亮，影響了他們的觀看效果。由此引發(fā)了人們對(duì)光污染的思考。本文是一篇議論文，文章由一個(gè)事例引發(fā)出要討論的話(huà)題。
小題1:第一段的最后一句話(huà)a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead表明答案為A。
小題2:題干中的Astronomers出現(xiàn)在第三段，文中有一句話(huà)have been complaining about this problem for decades，第一段就提到了光線太亮，這句話(huà)的后面又提到了light pollution。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，答案為C。
小題3:第四段第一句話(huà)就告訴我們除了專(zhuān)業(yè)及業(yè)余的觀星者之外，還有些群體也收到了光污染的影響。而這些群體指的就是birds、bats等動(dòng)物。D項(xiàng)的意思是“動(dòng)物的生存受到戶(hù)外燈光的影響”。
小題4:題干中的信息告訴我們答案應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在最后一段，根據(jù)“in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory”，答案顯然為B。
小題5:文中作者反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)光污染問(wèn)題對(duì)人類(lèi)的一些活動(dòng)和動(dòng)物的影響。這顯然是強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Educating girls quite possibly gets a higher rate of return than any other deal available in the developing world．Women's education may be unusual field for economists, but increasing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social project．And economics, with its emphasis on incentives （激勵(lì)）, provides an explanation for why so many girls lose the chance of education．
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小題1:The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is _______．
A．expensiveB．troublesome
C．rewardingD．labor-saving
小題2:What does the author say about women's education?
A．It has developed the interest of a growing number of economists
B．It is in the first place in many developing countries
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小題3:The passage mainly discusses ______．
A．unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countries
B．the economic and social benefits of educating women
C．the major contributions of educated women to society
D．the potential earning power of well-educated women

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet (彗星). When the fragments (碎片) landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
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　Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth, but the north won't escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
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A．The whole world becomes extremely cold
B．All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed
C．The visit of the comet results in wars
D．The whole mankind becomes extinct
小題2:56.Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?
A．Because they could only live in the warm climate
B．Because their extinction indicates future disasters
C．Because they once dominated the earth
D．Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age
小題3:57.In writing the passage, the author intends to ______.
A．give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future
B．prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed
C．warn of a possible disaster in the future
D．tell the historical development of the Earth
小題4:58.It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a(n) ______.
A．a(chǎn)rticle of popular scienceB．news report
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sixty-five million years ago, an asteroid (小行星) that crashed on Earth led to the disappearance of the largest animals that have ever walked our planet – the dinosaurs. At least, this is what some scientists believe. But that accident happened so long ago. People have come to believe that we are free of threats from asteroids and everything else from space.
However, what happened on Feb 15 , 2013 was a reminder that we’re just as vulnerable as the dinosaurs once were. Two objects from space – a meteor (隕石) and an asteroid called 2012 DA14 –  visited Earth’s atmosphere on the same day. The former fell in Russia, injuring 1,200 people, while the latter passed by Earth at a record-setting close distance.
Scientists had been expecting the asteroid since last year, but the meteor was a surprise. NASA’s telescope system only detects asteroids at least 50 meters in diameter (直徑), which is just about the size of 2012 DA14. But the meteor was much smaller, which made it harder to spot.
But what if we do spot an asteroid that is headed right for Earth? There are several possible ways in which dangerous asteroids could be made to change its orbit. Which method is best depends on several factors and most importantly  –  how much time we have to stop it.
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小題1:The author mentioned the asteroid that led to the dinosaurs’ dying out to ______.
A．show that asteroids fall from space frequently
B．a(chǎn)lert people about the possible danger of objects falling from space
C．inform readers about the constant threats the Earth faces
D．suggest that there are still many mysteries about the universe
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A．unprotected B．lonely C．stupid D．self-important
小題3:Which of the following statements is TRUE about the meteor that fell to the Earth in Russia?
A．It passed by the Earth at a close distance.
B．It was spotted by NASA’s telescope system a year ago.
C．It is about the same size as the asteroid that passed by the Earth.
D．It fell to the Earth and caused great damage to the local community.
小題4:What is the main idea of the article?
A．Learning about asteroids and meteors.
B．The threats of objects from space and possible solutions.
C．NASA’s latest technology to discover visitors to the Earth from space.
D．How to measure the damage of collisions from asteroids and meteors.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Medicine comes in lots of different packages. Painkillers in a tablet can make your headache go away. Antibiotic cream (抗菌素膏) from a tube can prevent your cuts from becoming infected. But can medicine come packaged in chicken eggs?
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The scientists changed the chickens’ DNA so that the birds made these drugs only in their egg whites. This protects the chickens’ bodies from the drugs’ possible harmful effects and makes it easy for scientists to collect the drugs.
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A．Scientists from Scotland have succeeded in packing medicine into chicken eggs.
B．The drugs are made of molecules called proteins.
C．Scientists chose chickens for their experiments because chicken eggs taste delicious.
D．The animals are good candidates for making protein drugs.
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B．scientists changed the chicken’s DNA and put all the drugs in chicken eggs
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小題5:The best title for the passage is ________.
A．Chicken Eggs to Replace MedicineB．Chicken Eggs as Drug
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
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Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
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小題1:What is the finding of the study?
A．One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B．fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C．fear has something to do with one's health.
D．Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
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A．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
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A．Order.B．system.C．machine.D．treatment.
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A．treating anxiety and stress better
B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

One might expect that the ever-growing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holiday-makers. Indeed, a rosy picture is painted for the long-term future of the holiday industry. Every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere, and every month another rock-bound Pacific island is advertised as the 'last paradise(天堂) on earth'.
However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of sea-side holidays, over-crowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.
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Thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support from tourist companies. At the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.
The way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. Increased understanding in planning world-wide tourism can preserve the market for these companies. If not, in a few years’ time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.
小題1:What does the author indicate in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?
A．The Pacific Island is a paradise.B．The Pacific Island is worth visiting.
C．The advertisement is not convincing.D．The advertisement is not impressive
小題2:The example of Nepal is used to suggest _________.
A．its natural resources are untouched
B．its forests are exploited for farmland
C．it develops well in health and education
D．it suffers from the heavy flow of tourists.
小題3:What can we learn about the farmers from Paragraph 4?
A．They are happy to work their own lands.
B．They have to please the tourists for a living.
C．They have to struggle for their independence.
D．They are proud of working in multi-national organizations.
小題4:Which of the following determines the future of tourism?
A．The number of touristsB．The improvement of services.
C．The promotion of new products.D．The management of tourism
小題5:The author’s attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is __________.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

NASA has opened the door to the next generation of space discovery by announcing great plans for a base for humans to live on the surface of the moon forever.
The project to build a base on the moon will begin soon after 2020, with astronauts living there within four years.
The project comes after several excellent scientists and environmentalists asked humans to look beyond Earth to ensure the survival of the species (物種).
Eventually, the moon will be a base for humans to explore the solar system and one day land on Mars.
NASA began planning for the first moon landing since 1972 when George Bush, the US president, announced his new plan for space exploration four years ago.
NASA has already talked about the design of the Orion spacecraft that will replace the old space shuttle fleet in 2010.
The plan for the moon base, however, is the first detailed explanation of how NASA intends to prepare for the first manned exploration of deep space and a possible Mars mission within 30 years.
Scientists also believe that the south pole on the moon contain rich natural gases such as the rare helium-3 that could be used as fuel for the generation of nuclear power. Besides, teams of astronauts living there for six months at a time would mine for hydrogen and oxygen to make water and possibly rocket fuel.
小題1:When was the plan to explore space first announced according to the passage?
A．In 1972.B．In 1950.C．In 1968.D．In 2020.
小題2:The reasons why NASA has begun the plan to explore space include the followings except ________.
A．to protect EarthB．to explore deep space
C．to finish Mars missionD．to show how powerful the USA is
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A．hydrogen B．foodC．oxygenD．water
小題4:The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the USA’s new plan for space exploration
B．how to build a base on the moon
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The south and east of the Great Lakes is famous for the huge amounts of snow it receives. When the snow starts to fall every year,　people start discussing the phrase “l(fā)ake-effect snow”.
Lake-effect snow which is influenced by the movement of cold air over the relatively warm water of the Great Lakes often comes in late autumn and early winter. Because of the at least 20 degrees’ difference between the lake water and the overrunning air, it’s easy to form huge amounts of snow.
As the cool air crosses the water of Great Lakes, the lowest levels of the atmosphere begin to warm and pick up moisture. This newly warmed atmosphere is lighter than the cold air above it, so it starts rising. As the changed air continues to climb higher and higher, it finally meets much colder atmosphere which changes the moisture into water drops and ice, forming clouds. After this course repeats a number of times, the clouds become heavier and heavier, and then they are changed into snow and fall down.
The most important point that decides the amount of snowfall is the direction of the wind. If the wind runs perpendicularly（垂直地）across the lake, there won’t be plenty of time for clouds to develop. However, if the wind runs in the opposite direction, clouds will form easily. The longer the cold air travels over the lake, the more moisture it is able to produce, which leads to a greater amount of snow.
The largest amount of the lake-effect snow was found across the U.P. of Michigan, the northwestern Pennsylvania and the far southwestern and northwestern New York, which are all along the south or east of the Great Lakes. It has been over 100 inches of snowfall in a winter season.
小題1:The level of the snowfall depends on ________.
A．the size of the lake
B．the direction of the wind
C．the temperature of the lake
D．the strength of the wind
小題2:From the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．clouds are easy to produce with the help of the perpendicular wind
B．cold air always falls down and picks up moisture to form clouds
C．the temperature of the lake water is the same as the overrunning air’s above it
D．the longer journey of the cold atmosphere can make a grater amount of snow
小題3:The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the influences of the lake-effect snow for local people
B．the weight between moisture and atmosphere
C．how the phrase “l(fā)ake-effect snow” comes in New York
D．how the lake-effect snow forms around the Great Lakes

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