A microscope is a useful instrument for observing small objects. By producing a bigger image, the microscope reveals details that are undetectable to the naked eye(裸眼).
Before using the microscope, please read the instructions below.
CAUTION: Microscopes are both delicate and expensive and must be handled with care.
1. Always carry the microscope with two hands — one supporting the base and the other on the arm.
2. Avoid stretching the wire of the lamp across a walkway.
3. Keep the stage clean and always use a glass slide for specimens(樣本).
4. To avoid crushing the glass slide when focusing, begin with the lens close to the specimen and gradually back off to focus.
5. Keep the microscope covered to prevent the dust while it is being stored.
HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE:
1. Plug(接通電源) in the lamp.
2. Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide.
3. Adjust the mirror so it reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. When the mirror is correctly adjusted, a complete circle of light iwll appear when you look through the eyepiece.
4. Place your slide with the specimen directly over the center of the glass circle on teh stage. If it is a wet slide, be sure the bottom of the slide is dry.
5. With the LOW POWER objective leans placed over the slide, use the coarse focus knob to lower the lens to the lowest point.
6. Look through the eyepiece with one eye while closing the other eye. Slowly raise the lens until teh focus is relatively clear.
7. Use the fine focus knob to fine -tune(微調(diào))the focus.
8. Without changing the focus knobs, switch to the HIGH POWER objective lens. Once you have switched to HIGH POWER, use only the fine focus knob to make the image sharper.
【小題1】Which of the following is the correct way to use a microscope according to the text?
| A．Use one hand to carry the microscope |
| B．Place a sample directly on the clean stage |
| C．When stored, the microscope should be adjusted. |
| D．Look through the eyepiece with one eye. |
| A．Switch to objective lens. | B．Adjust the mirror. |
| C．Look through the eyepiece. | D．Place the hair on a glass slide. |
| A．a(chǎn)fter correctly adjusting the mirror |
| B．while looking at the specimen on a glass slide |
| C．a(chǎn)fter slowly raising the objective lens |
| D．before positioning the mirror correctly |
【小題1】D
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
解析試題分析：本文主要介紹了顯微鏡的使用注意事項以及具體如何使用的方法。
【小題1】D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第6點Look through the eyepiece with one eye while closing the other eye. Slowly raise the lens until teh focus is relatively clear.說明要用單眼來觀察，故D正確。
【小題2】D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2點Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide說明D正確。
【小題3】A 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3點Adjust the mirror so it reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. When the mirror is correctly adjusted, a complete circle of light iwll appear when you look through the eyepiece.說明調(diào)整鏡子以后就可以看見了一個完整的圓圈了，故A正確。
考點：考查科普類短文閱讀
點評：本文主要介紹了顯微鏡的使用注意事項以及具體如何使用的方法。本文屬于科普類短文，此類文章的最大的障礙是詞匯以及考生對閱讀內(nèi)容的不熟悉，需要考生在閱讀的時候有足夠的耐心。要養(yǎng)成在上下文串聯(lián)中猜測詞義的能力，根據(jù)上下文中出現(xiàn)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來理解生詞。同時要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據(jù)題目及選項以及文章的上下文串聯(lián)合理的判斷推理。
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I sometimes wonder if old Finchley has the right personality to be a research scientist. He keeps asking when he’ll be coming back. After all, it was his own fault. Nobody tries out what has just been invented on themselves any more but Finchley. Well, he must have pumped about a thousand cubic centimeters into himself before I noticed he was clearly becoming smaller.
It was funny watching him, because his clothes remained the same in size. They simply piled up around him so that he looked like a small boy in his father’s clothes. But he kept getting smaller and smaller. As my colleague Dawson and I watched him, he disappeared! All we could see was Finchley’s clothes on the floor. They looked so strange, because the lab coat was on top, shirt and trousers inside and, I suppose, underclothes inside again. It gave me a strange feeling, and I think Dawson was a bit shaken, too.
Dawson was sitting on his chair in front of a microscope he’d been using to examine a family of mites(螨蟲). He looked through the scope kind of absently again, and was nearly scared to lose awareness when he found old Finchley waving back from the other end.
It seems as if Finchley had taken a free ride on a dust mite and landed on the land of the mite family. Of course, we didn’t know till Finchley told us later. But anyhow, as I said, Dawson nearly passed out. He jumped off his chair and pointed at the microscope, too shocked to speak.
Finchley disappeared because ________.
A. he took something poisonous
B. he was changed into a dust mite
C. his father’s clothes totally covered him up
D. what he and his colleagues invented resulted in his disappearance
It frightened Dawson to see Finchley _______.
A. got into his scope by accident B. was waving through his telescope
C. suddenly got lost in his clothes D. gradually disappeared in the lab
It can be inferred that Finchley, Dawson and the writer have possibly invented _____.
A. some kind of medicine B. a new powerful microscope
C. a machine to make people small D. a new way to make a culture of mite
It can probably be concluded that Finchley ________.
A. passed out there and then B. is not fit to be a scientist
C. is a devoted scientist D. will remain tiny all the time
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I sometimes wonder if old Finchley has the right personality to be a research scientist. He keeps asking when he’ll be coming back. After all, it was his own fault. Nobody tries out what has just been invented on themselves any more but Finchley. Well, he must have pumped about a thousand c. c. s into himself before I noticed he was clearly becoming smaller.
It was funny watching him, because his clothes remained the same in size. They simply piled up around him so that he looked like a small boy in his father’s clothes. But he kept getting smaller and smaller. As my colleague Dawson and I watched him, he disappeared! All we could see was Finchley’s clothes on the floor. They looked so strange, because the lab coat was on top, shirt and trousers inside and, I suppose, underclothes inside again. It gave me a strange feeling, and I think Dawson was a bit shaken, too.
Dawson was sitting on his chair in front of a microscope he’d been using to examine a family of mites(螨蟲). He looked through the scope kind of absently again, and was nearly scared to lose awareness when he found old Finchley waving back from the other end.
It seems as if Finchley had taken a free ride on a dust mite and landed on the land of the mite family. Of course, we didn’t know till Finchley told us later. But anyhow, as I said, Dawson nearly passed out. He jumped off his chair and pointed at the microscope, to shocked to speak.
Finchley disappeared because ________.
A. he took something poisonous
B. he was changed into a dust mite
C. his father’s clothes totally covered him up
D. what he and his colleagues invented resulted in his disappearace
It frightened Dawson to see Finchley _______.
A. got into his scope by accident B. was waving through his telescope
C. suddenly got lost in his clothes D. gradually disappeared in the lab
It can be inferred that Finchley, Dawson and the writer have possibly invented _____.
A. some kind of medicine B. a new powerful microscope
C. a machine to make people small D. a new way to make a culture of mite
It can probably be concluded that Finchley ________.
A. passed out there and then B. is not fit to be a scientist
C. is a devoted scientist D. will remain tiny all the time
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About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas（胰腺). I didn’t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that was incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which was doctor’s code for preparing to die. It meant to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It meant to make sure everything was buttoned up so that it would be as easy as possible for your family. It meant to say your goodbyes.
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This is the closest I’ve been to facing death. No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.
Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by the principle — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
【小題1】The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to let the readers __________.
| A．be brave when facing a cancer |
| B．treasure their lifetime to fulfill their own business |
| C．know a sorrowful experience of his won |
| D．know how he treasured his family. |
| A．He prepared everything in order. | B．He had a biopsy. |
| C．His pancreatic cancer can be curable with surgery. | D．His wife helped him. |
| A．he was so optimistic that the incurable illness wouldn't bring him down. |
| B．he could leave death alone and had enough courage to become what he wanted to. |
| C．he was so determined that he wasn't scared at death. |
| D．he was such a responsible man that he prepared well before he died. |
| A．Gods. | B．The doctors |
| C．Heart and intuition | D．Other persons |
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I passed all the other course that I took at my university, but I could never pass botany. This was why all botany students had to spend several hours a week in a lab look through a microscope at plant cells, and I could never see through a microscope. This was used to make my professor angry. “I can’t see everything, ” I said. Then he began patient enough to explain how to see through it, but I still couldn’t make it. At last we tried it with every adjustment of the microscope known to men. With my pleasure, I saw something and drew it quickly on the paper. “What’s that?” my professor asked. “That’s what I saw.” I answered. “No, you don’t!” he shouted, and he bent over and looking into the microscope. “That’s your eyes! You’ve fixed the lens so that it reflects! You’ve drawn your eyes!”
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Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work, and you stay in bed, feeling very sad.
What makes us ill? It is germs(細菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.
Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.
Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割開處), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.
56. Which of the following is true?
A. If things are very very small, they are germs.
B. If things can’t be seen, they must be germs.
C. Germs are only in dirty water.
D. Germs are everywhere around us.
57. What is a microscope used for?
A. Making very very small things look much bigger.
B. Making very big things look much smaller.
C. Helping you read some newspapers.
D. Helping you if you can’t see things clearly.
58. Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water?
A. You haven’t looked at it carefully.
B. Water can’t be drunk in this way.
C. There must be lots of germs in it.
D. Water will make you ill.
59. Which of the following is not true?
A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C. If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your body.
D. If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.
60. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Germs may make us ill. B. Germs are in dirty water.
C. Don’t drink dirty water. D. Take care of your fingers.
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