3.As a well-known doctor in London,John Snow was willing to help ordinary people (61)exposed(expose) to cholera.He knew that only when (62)the cause of it was found could the (63)deadly(dead) disease be controlled.He has two theories in mind explaining how cholera killed people.(64)Onewas that cholera multiplied in the air without reason; the other was (65)thatpeople absorbed it into their bodies (66)withtheir meals.After many (67)investigations(investigate),he found the drinking water was (68)to blame(blame) because the river had been polluted.Immediately John Snow told the people to remove the handle from the water pump (69)sothat it could not be used.Soon the disease began to slow down.To prevent the disease from happening again,the water companies were instructed not to expose people to (70)polluted(pollute) water any more.Finally"King Cholera"was defeated.

分析 本文主要介紹了倫敦的知名醫(yī)生約翰•斯諾發(fā)現(xiàn)霍亂疾病的病因的故事.在經(jīng)過多次失敗之后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)了水是霍亂疾病傳播的主要途徑.

解答 61.exposed 考查非謂語.句意:作為一個倫敦知名的醫(yī)生,約翰•斯諾愿意幫助暴露于霍亂中的普通人.此處expose和people是動賓關系,所以用過去分詞作定語.故答案是exposed.  
62.the 考查冠詞.句意:他知道只有當這種病的病因被發(fā)現(xiàn)了,這種致命的疾病才能得到控制.分析語境可知此處特指這種病的病因,故用定冠詞,答案是the.  
63.deadly 考查形容詞.分析語境可知此處用形容詞作定語,修飾下文disease疾。甦eadly致命的,所以答案是deadly.  
64.One 考查代詞.聯(lián)系后一句"theother"可知句意為:一個是霍亂不知為什么在空氣中繁殖.所以用不定代詞One泛指兩個理論中的任何一個,故答案是One.
65.that 考查表語從句.句意:另一個是人們伴隨著吃飯吸入他們的身體.此處是表語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分且句意完整.所以用that引導表語從句,不作句子成分,故答案是that.  
66.with 考查介詞.此處吸入霍亂病菌和吃飯是伴隨性動作,所以填介詞with表示"帶有,伴隨",故答案是with.  
67.investigations 考查名詞復數(shù).句意:在許多次調(diào)查之后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)飲用水應該為此擔責,因為河水已經(jīng)被污染了.此處after是介詞,后面接名詞作賓語.investigations意為"調(diào)查"是可數(shù)名詞.聯(lián)系前文many許多的,可知此處可數(shù)名詞用復數(shù),所以答案是investigations.  
68.toblame 考查固定用法.句意:在許多次調(diào)查之后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)飲用水應該為此擔責,因為河水已經(jīng)被污染了.be to blame是固定用法,意為"對某事應負責任的,應受責備的".所以答案是to blame.  
69.so 考查連詞.句意:約翰•斯諾立刻告訴人們把手從抽水機上拆掉,所以人們不能再用它.短語so that表示結(jié)果"所以",故答案是so.  

70.polluted 考查形容詞.因為形容詞形式名詞,根據(jù)空后的名詞water,可知此處應用pollute的形容詞形式.所以答案是polluted.

點評 語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考查語法知識的運用能力,在解題前應快速瀏覽短文掌握大意,在讀懂短文的基礎上,結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析,逐題解答.扎實的語法功底加上準確的理解是解答語法填空題的關鍵.

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