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科目:高中英語 來源:2013屆安徽省亳州市高三摸底聯(lián)考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Botany (植物學(xué)) , the study of plants, occupies a particular position in the history of human knowledge.For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest (模糊的)) of insights.It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things even for other plants.They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people not only for food but also for clothing, tools, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them, botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows.Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple.When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture: cultivated crops.From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.
1.What does the writer mean when he says "This is logical" in the first paragraph?
A.Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.
B.It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.
C.There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plant.
D.It is reasonable to assume our ancestors behave much like people in pre-industrial societies.
2.According to the passage, general knowledge of botany begun to fade away because ____.
A.people no longer value plants as a useful resource
B.direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased
C.botany is not recognized as a special branch of science
D.research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants
3.We learn that the first great step toward the practice of agriculture is____.
A.the changing diets of early humans
B.the development of a system of names for plants
C.the invention of agricultural implements (工具) and machinery
D.the discovery of certain grasses that could be harvested and replanted
4.Human would depend on the controlled production of a few plants for living with
A.the knowledge of plants
B.the discovery of certain grasses
C.the development of machinery
D.the appearance of agriculture
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科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年浙江省高三第二次月考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
The ability to memorize things seems to be a vanishing (消失的) technique.So what can we do to bring out brain cells back into action? A newly published book on memory, Moomvalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything, by American journalist Joshua Foer, makes a telling point, one that is an analysis of the importance of memorising events and stories in human history; the decline of its role in modem life; and the techniques that we need to adopt to restore the art of remembering.
As For points out, we no longer need to remember telephone numbers.Our mobile phones do that for us.We don't recall addresses either.We send emails from computers that store electronic addresses.Nor do we bother to remember multiplication tables (乘法表) .Pocket calculators do the job of multiplying quite nicely.Museums, photographs, the digital media and books also act as storehouses for memories that once we had to keep in mind.
As a result, we no longer remember long poems or folk stories by heart, feats (技藝) of memory that were once the cornerstones of most people's lives.Indeed, society has changed so much that we no longer know what techniques we should employ to remember such lengthy works.We are, quite simply, forgetting how to remember.
And let's face it, there is nothing sadder than someone who has lost their mobile phone and who finds they cannot even phone home or call their parents or partners because they cannot remember a single telephone number.That is a sad example of loss of personal independence.So, yes, there is a need for us to he able to remember certain things in life.
Therefore, Foer's book outlines the methods that need to be mastered in order to promote our memories and regain the ability to recall long strings of names, numbers or faces.In the process, he adds, we will become more aware of the world about us.
The trick, Foer says, is to adopt a process known as " elaborative encoding", which involves transforming information, such as a shopping list, into a series of "absorbing visual images".If you want to remember a list of household objects—potatoes, cottage cheese, sugar and other items, then visualise them in an unforgettable manner, he says.Start by creating an image of a large jar of potatoes standing in the garden.Next to it, imagine a giant tub of cottage cheese—the size of an outdoor pool—and then picture Lady Gaga swimming in it.And so on.Each image should be as fantastic and memorable as possible.
Using methods like this, it becomes possible to achieve great feats of memory quite easily, Foer says.It certainly seems to have worked for him: he won the annual US Memory Championships after learning how to memorize 120 random digits in five minutes; the first and last names of 156 strangers in 15 minutes; and a deck of cards in under two minutes."What I had really trained my brain to do, as much as to memorise, was to be more mindful and to pay attention to the world around," he says.
These techniques employed by Foer to master his memory were developed by Ed Cooke—a British writer and a world memory championship grandmaster.He acted as Foer's trainer during preparations for the book and helped him achieve his championship performances." Memory techniques do just one thing: they make information more meaningful to the mind, making the things we try to learn unforgettably bright and amusing," said Cooke.
1.Which of the following is conveyed in this article?
A.People become more independent with modern equipment. |
B.The memory's role in life is declining in modem society. |
C.Memory techniques can make information less meaningful. |
D.Ed Cooke is the first one who benefited from Foer's techniques. |
2.According to Joshua Foer, people no longer memorize information today because________.
A.museums can do everything for them. |
B.they no longer have the ability to memorize things. |
C.they have things that can act as storehouses for memories. |
D.it is not necessary to memorize anything in modem life. |
3.One method of memorizing things mentioned in the passage is to ________.
A.link things to famous pop stars |
B.find the connection between different things |
C.form vivid, unforgettable images of certain things |
D.use advanced digital imaging technology to help |
4.The underlined word "visualise" in the last paragraph most probably means "_______".
A.imagine |
B.undertake |
C.remark |
D.indicate |
5.This passage can be sorted as ________.
A.a(chǎn) news report |
B.a(chǎn)n advertisement |
C.a(chǎn) scientific discovery |
D.a(chǎn) book review |
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科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年四川省綿陽市高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:其他題
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。
Farmers and gardeners have long used greenhouses to extend the growing season in cold weather. Now, hoop houses are gaining popularity. Some hoop houses are rounded; others are shaped more like a traditional house.
A hoop house is basically a metal frame covered with plastic or other all-weather material. A common design looks like a high tunnel. Unlike a greenhouse, which uses a heating system, a hoop house is heated by the warmth of the sun.
Now, the United States Department of Agriculture has announced a program to help farmers who want to build hoop houses. The department has been supporting a project in Michigan. That state has a short growing season. As part of the research project, nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build and use a hoop house. The results showed that well-managed hoop houses can grow high-quality crops.
However, crops are not the only things that grow well. The research found that weeds grow faster in a hoop house. Weeding (除草), seeding and watering requires at least as much work as crops grown in the open air. The researchers also advise growers to add compost(堆肥) material to the soil in hoop houses to build nutrients.
Eliot Coleman is an organic farmer and a writer in Maine who has helped popularize the idea of four-season farming. His ideas about hoop houses sounded good to John Biernbaum in the Horticulture(園藝)Department at Michigan State University.
Professor Biernbaum tried hoop houses on the Student Organic Farm at Michigan State and had success. Project director David Conner says it was a "test drive(試車)" for the research on private farms. The agricultural economist points to the demand for locally grown crops. "People are hungry for good, fresh vegetables," he says.
Topic |
Hoop houses |
|
Design |
56._________ |
·Like a high tunnel ·Some round ; others like a 57. house. |
Material |
·Metal frame. ·Plastic or other all-weather material. |
|
58. |
The warmth of the sun. |
|
Research project in Michigan |
The program |
·It is 59._________by the US Department of Agriculture. ·Michigan was chosen due to its short 60._________season. ·Nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build and use a hoop house. ·It is greatly 61._________by the ideas from Eliot Coleman. |
62. |
·High-quality crops can grow in well-managed hoop houses. ·Weeds also grow faster in hoop houses. |
|
63. |
·Weeding, seeding and watering needs as much work as naturally grown crops. ·64. should be added to the soil. |
|
Significance |
Demand for locally grown crops 65._________further research on private farms. |
56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65
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科目:高中英語 來源:2011-2012學(xué)年安徽省六安市高三考前仿真模擬測試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate.” But not all experts (專家) agree that this is a good idea.
One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer. David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate.” David Tebbutt thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two. The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on, with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have. They are not told what to do, they find out.The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to answer all questions people ask. People don’t have to learn computer terms(術(shù)語), but the experts have to explain in plain language. The computers are becoming “people-literate.”
1.Which of the following is David Tebbutt’s ides on the relationship between people and computers?
A.Computer learning should be made easier. |
B.There should be more computer clubs for experts. |
C.People should work harder to master computer use. |
D.Computers should be made cheaper so that people can afford them. |
2.We can infer from the text that “computer-lilerate” means_______.
A.being able to afford a computer |
B.being able to write computer programs |
C.working with the computer and finding out its value |
D.understanding the computer and knowing how to use it |
3.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns ___.
A.help to set up more computer clubs |
B.bring people to learn to use computers |
C.bring more experts to work together |
D.help to sell computers to the public |
4.David Tebbutt started Computertown UK with the purpose of______.
A.making better use of computer expert |
B.improving computer programs |
C.increasing omputersales |
D.popularising computers |
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科目:高中英語 來源:湖南澧縣一中2010屆高三英語綜合考練(一) 題型:閱讀理解
Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (鎖止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.
The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro- processor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系統(tǒng)) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle's engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.
In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. 'The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,’ says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.
Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won't allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (點(diǎn)火) key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.
But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner's keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.
If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.
Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle's movements via the car's GPS unit.
66. What's the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?
A .To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.
B. To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.
C. To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.
D. To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.
67. By saying 'The pattern of vehicle crime has changed' (Lines 1-2. Para. 3). Martyn Randall suggests that ____.
A. self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft
B. the thief has to make use of computer technology
C. it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing
D. the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old
68. What is essential in making a modern car tougher to steal?
A. A GPS satellite positioning receiver. B. A unique ID card.
C. A special cellphone signal. D. A coded ignition key.
69. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?
A. To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.
B. To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.
C. To keep police informed of the car's movements.
D. To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.
70. What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?
A. Start the tracking system. B. Locate the missing car.
C. Contact the car owner. D. Block the car engine
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