【題目】原文填空(每空只寫(xiě)一詞)
In Britain and the USA, the managing directors 【1】 presidents of big companies are often 【2】 of being ‘fat cats’, i.e. bosses 【3】 salaries are often twenty-five times more than the company’s 【4】 worker. When times are hard and workers are 【5】 off, they receive very little. Departing directors, on the other hand, get big golden【6】. 【7】 contrast, in Japan the ratio between the 【8】 and lowest paid is normally a more modest seven or eight to one. In 【9】, large Japanese companies have the 【10】of taking care of all their employees, and the concept of a ‘job for life’ is still, by and large, true.
【答案】
【1】or
【2】accused
【3】whose
【4】lowest-paid
【5】laid
【6】handshakes
【7】By
【8】highest
【9】addition
【10】reputation
【解析】
本文是說(shuō)明文,介紹了在有些國(guó)家,員工之間的薪酬差距很大。在美國(guó)和英國(guó),最高薪酬是最低薪酬的25倍;在日本,最高薪酬和最低薪酬的比例通常是7:1或8:1。
【1】考查連詞。句意:在英國(guó)和美國(guó),大公司的董事總經(jīng)理或總裁經(jīng)常被指責(zé)是有錢(qián)有勢(shì)的人。the managing directors和 presidents都是指公司的高級(jí)職位,是并列成分,因此用連詞or。故填or。
【2】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:在英國(guó)和美國(guó),大公司的董事總經(jīng)理或總裁經(jīng)常被指責(zé)是有錢(qián)有勢(shì)的人。句子的主語(yǔ)the managing directors or presidents和accuse之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系;前面有be動(dòng)詞are,因此用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);短語(yǔ) be accused of “被指責(zé)為,被指控為”。故填accused。
【3】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:也就是說(shuō),老板的工資通常是公司最低工資員工的25倍。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),此處是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞bosses,在從句中作定語(yǔ),可理解為“老板的(薪水)”,應(yīng)用whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填whose。
【4】考查形容詞。句意:也就是說(shuō),老板的工資通常是公司最低工資員工的25倍。修飾名詞worker 應(yīng)該用形容詞;lowest-paid是形容詞,意為“報(bào)酬最低的”,符合句意。故填lowest-paid。
【5】考查固定短語(yǔ)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)困難的時(shí)候,工人被解雇,他們得到的很少。短語(yǔ) lay sb.off “讓某人下崗”,被動(dòng)形式為 (sb.)be laid off “被下崗,被解雇”;主語(yǔ)workers 和lay之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系;前面有be動(dòng)詞are,因此用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);lay是不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞,過(guò)去分詞為laid。故填laid。
【6】考查名詞。句意:另一方面,即將離任的董事們會(huì)得到豐厚的退職金。在形容詞后應(yīng)該用名詞做get的賓語(yǔ);handshakes是名詞,golden handshakes意為:退職金,符合句意。故填handshakes。
【7】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:相比之下,在日本,收入最高和最低的比例通常是不太大的7:1或8:1。短語(yǔ)by contrast“相比之下,對(duì)比之下”,符合句意。故填By。
【8】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意:相比之下,在日本,收入最高和最低的比例通常是不太大的7:1或8:1。and是并列連詞,后面是形容詞最高級(jí)lowest,根據(jù)句意,前面用形容詞最高級(jí)highest。故填highest。
【9】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:此外,日本大公司以關(guān)心所有員工著稱(chēng)。短語(yǔ)in addition 意為“此外,而且”,符合句意。故填addition。
【10】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:句意:此外,日本大公司以關(guān)心所有員工著稱(chēng)。短語(yǔ)have the reputation of“有…名聲/聲譽(yù)”, 符合句意。故填reputation。
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