Question

  In my early 30s,I used an expired(過期的) student ID to buy discounted movie tickets. I'd tell myself,I'm buying a ticket I wouldn’ t have otherwise bought. I think many people have done similar things; however,we still think of ourselves as honest citizens. Researchers who study these behaviours believe that character isn 51the real reason. We might break the rules under some conditions and in some mind-sets,but not in others.

   Years ago,Francesca Gino,a professor at Harvard,and Dan Ariely,a behavioural economist at Duke,wondered if people with higher IQs were more likely to cheat. They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty,but creativity was. The more creative you are,the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly.

   Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribes that we may be bom without having a clear sense of right and wrong,but our culture sharpens it. If your tribe downloads pirated(盜版的) music,you’ re likely to go with the flow.

   Harvard researcher Leslie John,along with two colleagues conducted an experiment. They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test. Guess what happened? That group,which considered itself disadvantaged,cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment.

   The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time. Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes. Keep yourself fed and well-rested — we’ re likelier to behave badly when hungry or tired. Reflect on how your actions look through others’ eyes and see yourselves in a positive light. In a Stanford study,when researchers used the verb cheat — please don't cheat — participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced from the act. When the noun was used — don't be a cheater — hardly anyone did.

32. According to Francesca Gino,who are likeliest to break the rules in a company?

   A. Accountants. B. Designers.

   C. Cleaners. D. Typists.

33. Why did volunteers in Leslie John's experiment cheat more than others?

   A. Because they were not as smart as others.

   B. Because they thought others cheated too.

   C. Because they felt a sense of unfairness.

   D. Because they were tired and hungry.

34. The underlined word “antidotes” in the last paragraph can be replaced by.

   A. explanations   B. solutions

   C. studies   D. novels

35. What's the best title for the text?

   A. Why people break the rules

   B. How people break the rules

   C. The influence of breaking the rules

   D. Different ways of breaking the rules

Answer 1

32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A

(社會(huì))

本文是議論文。文章討論了人們?yōu)槭裁匆�違規(guī)并就此問題給出了一些建議。

32. B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第；段中的... but creativity was. The more creative you are, the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when+.you behave+d dish+onestly 可知，越是宥創(chuàng)造 力的乂越有可能違規(guī)，因此&計(jì)師比起會(huì)計(jì)、清 潔工和打字員更有可能違規(guī)。

33. C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的They told Volunteers that others in the room were making rtiore money than they were for getting questions right on a test可知，參加實(shí)驗(yàn)的恙愿##知其他 人比他們得到的錢多，感到不公平，因此要通過 作弊的方式答對(duì)更多的題，得到更多的錢。

34. B.詞義轅癡I齒。最啟一S中的Keep yourself fed and well-rested ... Reflect on how your.actions look through others’ eyes and see yourselves in a positive light 就是作者對(duì)于違規(guī) 問題給出的方法”。故選B項(xiàng)。

35. A.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章就違規(guī)問 題展開討論，其中第二、三、四段分別介紹了人 們違規(guī)的三個(gè)原因。A項(xiàng)概括了文章的主要內(nèi) 容，故最適合作本文標(biāo)題。