9.Is a recently discovered hormone the reason why folks who lose weight can't keep it off?
Like millions of other fat people,at 530inches high,more than 300pounds,Carnie Wilson was not just fat.After trying all sort of diets that didn't work,she has to go to the stomach-bypass surgery (胃部迂回手術(shù)),ie,have most of her stomach sewed up,only leaving tiny room to hold several tablespoonfuls at most.Result:she simply couldn't eat the way she used to.In three years,Wilson is one third of her former weight.
Wilson's experience is not all that unusual,and while doctors still aren't exactly sure what is going on,a report in last week's Journal of Medicine offers an explanation.The loss of appetite in bypass patients may be linked to a recently discovered hormone called ghrelin.Not only that,ghrelin may turn out to be one reason we feel hungry and it's hare for didters to keep weight off.
Nowadays,researchers are careful to stress only what they know for sure.For the three conclusions,the leading Dr.David of the University of Washington says,"I feel very solid about two of them."The first is that ghrelin levels in the bloodstream rise significantly before meals and drop afterward.The second conclusion is that ghrelin levels are higher on average in people who have lost weight from dieting.
Dr.David is less sure of the third conclusion,that bypass patients have only a quarter as much ghrelin as most people of normal weight.After all,ghrelin is produced by cells in the stomach.Years ago,leptin,a hormone was found as an appetite suppressant (食物抑制劑).But after years of trying,it had to be given up.
What doctors suspect is that both leptin and ghrelin are part of a complex system of brain and body chemicals that govern weight and appetite.That does not mena pharmaceutical (藥物的) weight control is forever out of the question."In the next ten years,we will be able to develop new drugs to help people lose weight healthily and effectively."
47.What can we learn about ghrelin according to the passage?D
A.After meals ghrelin levels are higher in the bloodstream.
B.People who have lost weight have less ghreilin in their body.
C.Without ghrelin,people are really difficult to lose weight.
D.Ghrelin is something produced by cells in the stomach.
48.What is Dr.David not sure?B
A.pharmaceutical weight control is impossible.
B.There is less ghrelin in the bypass patients.
C.new drugs will be developed in 10years.
D.ghrelin levels are higher in people on diet.
49.In fact,people's weight and appetite are controlled byC
A.ghrelin and leptin B.hormone and medicine
C.brain and body chemicals D.stomach and food
50.What can we infer from the passage?C
A.People with a lower ghrelin level go hungry easily.
B.Doctors managed to use leption to control the appetite.
C.Doctors are optimistic about how to lose weight healthily.
D.The loss of appetite in bypass aptient is linked to leptin.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的荷爾蒙可以使人減肥但不能保持,醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)這是胃部產(chǎn)生的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì),可以減肥,而醫(yī)生也對未來人類的健康減肥很有信心.
解答 47.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"After all,ghrelin is produced by cells in the stomach"可知這種細(xì)胞是由胃部產(chǎn)生的;故選D.
48.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Dr.David is less sure of the third conclusion,that bypass patients have only a quarter as much ghrelin as most people of normal weight"可知戴維博士不確定是旁路手術(shù)患者.有較少的Ghrelin;故選B.
49.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段"What doctors suspect is that both leptin and ghrelin are part of a complex system of brain and body chemicals that govern weight and appetite.That does not mena pharmaceutical (藥物的) weight control is forever out of the question"可知人們的體重和食欲是由大腦和體內(nèi)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)控制的;故選C.
50.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段"In the next ten years,we will be able to develop new drugs to help people lose weight healthily and effectively"可知醫(yī)生對如何減肥很樂觀;故選C.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.