Question

5．What makes one person more intelligent than another？What makes one person a genius，like the brilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool？Are people born intelligent or stupid，or is intelligence the result of where and how you live？These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear．
We know，however，that just being born with a good mind is not enough．In some ways，the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle．It needs exercise．Mental （done with the mind） exercise is particularly important for young children．Many child psychologists （心理學(xué)家） think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about．The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent．If，on the other hand，children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do，they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent．
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children．According to some psychologists，if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot，then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things．So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children，such as"That was a very clever thing you did"or"You are such a smart child"．
36．The words"intelligent"and"brilliant"in the first paragraph probably meanAwhile"dull"in the second paragraph meansA．
A．bright and splendid； slow in thinking and understanding  
B．pretty and handsome； ordinary-looking
C．great and important； common                       
D．hopeful and helpful； careless　
37．According to the context we can guess that a genius isCwhile an idiot isC
A．a(chǎn) normal person； a funny person                         
B．a(chǎn) strong person； a weak person
C．a(chǎn) highly intelligent person； a foolish or weak-minded person  
D．a(chǎn) famous person； an ordinary person　
38．A personDis more likely to become a genius．
A．whose parents are clever                
B．often thinking about difficult problems
C．often helped by his parents and teachers    
D．born with a good brain and putting it into active use　
39．It is better for parentsA．
A．to praise and encourage their children more often
B．to be hard on their children
C．to leave their children alone with nothing to do
D．to give their children as much help as possible　
40．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article？C
A．Parents play an important part in their children's growth．
B．The less you use your mind the duller you may become．
C．Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live．
D．What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion．

Answer 1

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了關(guān)于影響孩子智力發(fā)展的因素，有先天的因素也有后天的鍛煉．

解答 36．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第一段What makes oneperson more intelligent than another？What makes one person a genius，like thebrilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool？說明這里的intelligent和dull都是關(guān)于智力表現(xiàn)的意思，和愛因斯坦一樣的就是intelligent，相反的就是dull，故A正確．
37．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第二段：children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do，they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent可知天才是一個高智商的人而白癡是一個愚蠢的或意志薄弱的人；故選C．
38．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第二段前一半內(nèi)容說明從小時候要給孩子適當(dāng)?shù)挠?xùn)練，讓他們的思維能得到鍛煉，故D項正確．
39．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章最后3行So it is probably better for parents to say verypositive （helpful） things to their children，such as"That was a very cleverthing you did．"or"You are such a smart child．"說明我們要經(jīng)常表揚我們的孩子，給他們以積極的心理暗示，故A正確．
40．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第二段1，2行We know，however，that just being born with a goodmind is not enough．In some ways，the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle．Itneeds exercise．說明出生并不能決定我們的智力．后天的培養(yǎng)也很重要，故C項正確．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．