Question

Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee．And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea．The physical sensation(感覺) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson drawn from recent research by psychologist John Bargh．
Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth”  powerfully determines social relationships．Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping(捏造) evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable．Much of this is rooted in early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual(概念的) sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness．Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle．Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills．
Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal．Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries．
To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students．A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假設) handed the students either a hot cup of coffee or a cold drink to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back．After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description．Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink．
“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly(抽象地),” says Bargh．
68．The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______．
A．monkeys have social relationships
B．a(chǎn)dults should develop social skills
C．caregivers should be healthy adults
D．babies need warm physical contact
69．In the paragraph 4, the underlined word “rate” can be replaced by ______．
A．describe    B．discuss      C．evaluate    D．praise
70．We can infer from the passage that _______________．
A．capable persons are often cold to others
B．physical temperature affects how we see others
C．feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
D．a(chǎn)bstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
71．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Physical Sensations and Emotions．
B．Developing Better Drinking Habits．
C．Experiments of Personality Evaluation．
D．Drinking for Better Social Relationships．

Answer 1

68---71    DCBA  

科學家通過試驗證明，在人際交往中，人們能從對方哪怕端來一杯水中感受到對方的溫暖或冷淡，因此，在人際交往中，我們要用關心去溫暖對方。
68．D考查推理判斷。第二段敘述他用猴子做的試驗，說猴子寧愿親近用布做的“猴媽媽”，而不接近用電線做的，以證明本文闡述的主題：嬰兒需要溫暖。
69．C考查猜測詞義。從后面的敘述可知，該詞表示“評價”：隨后叫這些得到對方遞過來的熱咖啡或冷飲的學生對對方進行評價。
70．B考查推理判斷。第一段說，身體能感受到的溫暖能激起情緒上的溫暖的感覺。由此判斷B項陳述正確。
71．A考查主題大意。全文介紹在人際關系中我們能從對方傳遞的熱情或冷淡中感受到人間冷暖。