Many of the world’s pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further 1 by industry. If the rapid increase of world 2 continues at the present rate, there may be much greater 3 to human beings. Some scientists 4 of the increase in numbers of people as “population pollution（人口公害）”.
About 2, 000 years ago, the world population was about 250 million. It 5 a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now six billion. It is 6 to double by the year 2020. If the population 7 to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion people in the 8 a hundred years from now.
Man has been 9 the earth’s resources more and more 10 over the past years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that man’s 11 problem is how to control the 12 of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to 13 the human population if the present rate of increase continues. There is already over-crowding（過分擁擠）in many cities and 14 in some countries. Many people believe that human survival（生存） in the future 15 on the answer to the question.
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【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】B
【小題4】D
【小題5】D
【小題6】C
【小題7】A
【小題8】A
【小題9】B
【小題10】C
【小題11】A
【小題12】C
【小題13】D
【小題14】B
【小題15】A
解析試題分析：本文講述的是世界人口增加對(duì)環(huán)境的巨大影響，這也是環(huán)境問題的最根本的原因。
【小題1】B 名詞辨析。A進(jìn)步B污染C教育D生產(chǎn)；滿足這些人的需要又導(dǎo)致了更多的污染。
【小題2】D 名詞辨析。A農(nóng)業(yè)B工業(yè)C環(huán)境D人口；如果世界人口按照這個(gè)速度迅速增長…
【小題3】B 名詞辨析。A危險(xiǎn)B傷害C好處D困難；對(duì)人類會(huì)有更大的危害。
【小題4】D 固定短語。Speak of…as…把…當(dāng)做…；很多專家都把人口的增加當(dāng)做了人口的污染.
【小題5】D 動(dòng)詞辨析。A得到B拿走C帶來D達(dá)到；在1850年人口達(dá)到了10億。
【小題6】C 動(dòng)詞辨析。A建議B希望C預(yù)料D說；人們預(yù)料到2020年，人口還要翻倍。
【小題7】A 動(dòng)詞辨析。A繼續(xù)B失敗C嘗試D意味著；如果人口繼續(xù)以現(xiàn)在的速度增加。。。
【小題8】A 名詞辨析。A世界B國家C星星D結(jié)束；100年后的世界人口會(huì)有150億。
【小題9】B 動(dòng)詞辨析。A發(fā)現(xiàn)B使用C挖D毀壞；人類正在越來越快地使用自然的資源。
【小題10】C 副詞辨析。A嚴(yán)肅地B危險(xiǎn)地C迅速地D穩(wěn)定地；人類正越來越快地使用自然的資源。
【小題11】A 形容詞辨析。A最大B最容易C最輕D最簡單；人類最大的問題是如何控制人口增加。
【小題12】C 名詞辨析。A存在B開始C增加D出生；人類最大的問題是如何控制人口增加。
【小題13】D 動(dòng)詞辨析。A增加B減少C報(bào)告D支持；地球上的資源遠(yuǎn)不能養(yǎng)活地球上的人口。
【小題14】B 名詞辨析，A討論B饑餓C建設(shè)D爭論；在一些城市里已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了擁堵，在一些國家已經(jīng)出來饑荒。
【小題15】A 固定詞組。Depend on…依靠；很多人都認(rèn)為人類的未來是依靠這個(gè)問題的答案。
考點(diǎn)：考查環(huán)境保護(hù)類短文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文講述的是世界人口增加對(duì)環(huán)境的巨大影響，從本文來看，考生應(yīng)該從時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、名詞的數(shù)等各個(gè)角度分析所填內(nèi)容是否與上下文一致，從而排除一些備選答案，縮小選擇范圍；分析空白處與前后詞之間的語義關(guān)聯(lián)、搭配關(guān)系。
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
“Racism (種族歧視) is a grown-up disease,” declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of the William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, a little black girl accompanied by two officers who protect her on her way to school.
Her name then was Ruby Nell. It was Nov. 14, 1960. She was the first black child to enroll at this all-white elementary school according to the court order to desegregate in New Orleans schools. Her story is moving -- she was a very courageous child -- and remains a significant proof against intolerance (不寬容) of all kinds. Ruby’s photo brings out another powerful image on her website: Norman Rockwells symbolic painting for Look magazine on Jan. 14, 1964, “The Problem We All Live With.”
Rockwell was an illustrator of exceptional skill and charm. He produced a vast number of unforgettable images over a long career, many of them involving children. His American kids are innocent and appealing, but often, at the same time, decidedly naughty. His method was to photograph his models, and the resulting paintings were photographic． But it is revealing to see how the artist slightly changed facial expressions from photo to oil painting in order to make his paintings communicate with the viewer. Communication, even persuasion, lay at the back of his work; this was art for effect.
“The Problem We All Live With” belongs to Rockwell’s later work, when he began openly showing his strong belief in liberty. This is a highly persuasive image. Before he arrived at the final copy, one sketch (草圖) shows the little girl closer to the two officers following her than to those in front. In the finished picture, the girl seems more determined, independent, and untouched． The unfriendly tomatoes thrown on the wall are behind her now, and she, is completely unaffected．
Ruby Nell was protected by officers on her way to school, because .
A．she was a little fighter against racism
B．she was very young, short and timid
C．she was the first black to study in an all-white school
D．she was chosen by the com t0be’wi’th white children
According to the passage, “The Problem We All Live With” is a(n) .
A．social program for American children
B．famous painting by Norman Rockwell
C．photo displayed on Ruby Bridges’ website
D．exhibition at the Norman Rockwell Museum
The word “desegregate” in paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A．fight against the white B．end racial separation
C．struggle for freedom D．stop the black-white conflict
The main topic of this passage is .
A．how Rockwell encouraged Ruby to fight against racism
B．how Ruby won her fight to go to an all-white school
C．how Rockwell expressed his protest in .Iris work
D．how persuasive Rockwell’s earlier work of art is
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆安徽省黃山市高三第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(發(fā)電)and transmission (輸送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府撥地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物種) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
【小題1】What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
| A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned. |
| B．Land in the West was hard to manage. |
| C．Some railroad stops remained underused. |
| D．Land grants went into private hands. |
| A．The use of money and power. |
| B．The transmission of power. |
| C．The conservation of solar energy. |
| D．The selection of an ideal place. |
| A．Disapproving. | B．Approving. | C．Doubtful. | D．Cautious. |
| A．How the Railways Have Affected the West |
| B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced |
| C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West |
| D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled |
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As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(發(fā)電)and transmission (輸送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府撥地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物種) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
【小題1】What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
| A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned. |
| B．Land in the West was hard to manage. |
| C．Some railroad stops remained underused. |
| D．Land grants went into private hands. |
| A．The use of money and power. |
| B．The transmission of power. |
| C．The conservation of solar energy. |
| D．The selection of an ideal place. |
| A．Disapproving. | B．Approving. | C．Doubtful. | D．Cautious. |
| A．How the Railways Have Affected the West |
| B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced |
| C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West |
| D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled |
查看答案和解析>>
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Yousuf Karsh，the Canadian portrait artist who photographed many of the most influential figures of the 20th century，died in a Boston hospital on July l3 th，2002．He was 93．
??? Working from a studio in Ottawa，Karsh produced famous portraits of such subjects as Winston Churchill，John F．Kennedy，Ernest Hemingway and Albert Einstein．Actually he has become almost as famous as his legendary subjects．In the latest edition of Who’s Who，which listed the most notable people of the last century，Karsh was the only Canadian of the 100 famous people listed——51 0f whom Karsh had photographed．
??? As a master portraitist，often working in black and white．Karsh was famous for talking to his subjects as he was getting the shot’s composition just right，asking them questions and putting them at ease．In preparation，he read as much as he could about the sitters，but avoided having the idea beforehand of how he would photograph them．He sought, as he wrote in Karsh Portfolio in 1967，to capture the “essential element which has made them great，” explaining，“All I know is that within every mall a secret is hidden，and as a photographer, it is my task to reveal it if I can．”
Karsh was born in America in 1908，and his uncle，George Nakash，brought him to John Garo，all outstanding photographer，to teach him in 1928．Four years later，Karsh set up his own studio in Ottawa．
In December of 1941，his memorable portrait of Winston Churchill brought Karsh into international fame．Canada’s Prime Minister Mackenzie King arranged for him to photograph Churchill following Churchill’s speech in the House of Commons．Not told，Churchill lit up a cigar, “Why was I not told of this?’’ Karsh asked him to remove the cigar and，when he didn’t，stepped forward and gently removed it with the comment，“Forgive me，Sir．”Churchill glowered (怒目而視) as the shot was taken，then permitted Karsh to take still another,；jokingly commenting，“You can even make a roaring lion stand still to be photographed．” The Churchill portrait has since appeared in publications all over the world．
??? Karsh traveled to London in 1943 with his portable studio —— an 8-by-10 view camera and many studio lamps to photograph such notables as George Bernard Shaw and the royal family．All these portraits fully illustrate Karsh’s ability．
1.What did Karsh seek to do most in working?
A．Capture the essence and greatness of the character．
B．Present the true and vivid expression of the subject．
C．Make the photograph more colorful and expressive．
D．Reveal the idea he has got in preparing for the shot．
2.The underlined word “sitters”in Para 3 probably means __________ ．
A．characters seated????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．subjects questioned
C．models photographed????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．photographs taken
3.The last three paragraphs are mainly developed by __________ ．
A．following time order????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．providing examples
C．making comparisons????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．giving causes and effects
4.From the passage，we can learn that __________ ．
A．Churchill was asked to stand still when Karsh took a photograph of him
B．Churchill’s portrait hanging in the House of Commons gave Karsh great fame
C．Karsh was listed as one of the 100 notables by Who’s Who in the last century
D．Karsh could skilfully adjust the subjects’ mood when photographing them
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年安徽省高三第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(發(fā)電)and transmission (輸送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府撥地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物種) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
1.What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned.
B．Land in the West was hard to manage.
C．Some railroad stops remained underused.
D．Land grants went into private hands.
2.What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?
A．The use of money and power.
B．The transmission of power.
C．The conservation of solar energy.
D．The selection of an ideal place.
3.What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants?
A．Disapproving. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Cautious.
4.Which is the best title for the passage?
A．How the Railways Have Affected the West
B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled
查看答案和解析>>
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