Question

   Visualization is closely related to positive thinking. It is used by athletes,musicians,actors,speakers,and others to improve their performance in stressful situations. How does it work? Listen to long-distance runner Vicki Huber:

   Right before a big race,I'11 picture myself running,and I will try and put all of the other competitors in the race into my mind. Then I will try and imagine every possible situation I might find myself in ... behind someone,being pushed,different positions on the track,laps to go,and,of course,the final part. And I always picture myself winning the race,no matter what happens during the event.

   Of course,Huber doesn't win every race she runs,but research has shown that the kind of mental imaging she describes can significantly increase athletic performance. It has also shown that visualization can help speakers control their stage fright.

   The key to visualization is creating a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. Picture yourself in your classroom rising to speak. See yourself at the lectern (放演講稿的講桌) ，self-assured,making eye contact(接觸) with your audience and delivering your introduction in a firm,clear voice. Feel your confidence growing as your listeners get more and more caught up in what you are saying. Imagine your sense of achievement as you conclude the speech knowing you have done your very best.

   As you create these images in your mind's eye,be realistic but stay focused on the positive aspects of your speech. Don't allow negative images to affect the positive ones. Acknowledge your nervousness,but picture yourself overcoming it to give an effective presentation. If one part of the speech always seems to give you trouble,visualize yourself getting through it without any problems. And be specific. The clearer your mental pictures,the more successful you are likely to be.

   As with your physical rehearsal(排練) of the speech,this kind of mental rehearsal should be repeated several times in the days before you speak. It doesn't guarantee that every speech will turn out exactly the way you imagine it — and it certainly is no replacement for thorough preparation. But it is a proven way to help control your nerves and to make a successful presentation.

28. Huber's visualization of her races.

   A. is detailed and thorough

   B. is used during the event

   C. is based on real pictures

   D. is created with other runners

29. The fourth paragraph is mainly developed .

   A. by space   B. by comparison

   C. by process   D. by importance

30. According to the text,if you run into difficulty when preparing a speech,you should .

   A. ignore the negative aspects

   B. do the mental imaging later

   C. imagine finishing it smoothly

   D. create clearer mental pictures

31. What do we learn about mental rehearsal?

   A. It usually produces the desired results.

   B. It may be a good way to calm you down.

   C. It is more important than physical rehearsal.

   D. It is a good chance to show your imagination.

Answer 1

28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B

(計(jì)劃與愿望)

本文是說(shuō)明文。想要完成一場(chǎng)成功的演講可以試試在排練期間想象自己演講的全過(guò)程，并且想象整個(gè)過(guò)程很順利、結(jié)果很完美。

28. A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可 知，Huber的想象不僅有始有終，而且 具體深入，她想象了在比賽中可能碰 到的任何情形。

29. C.寫作手法題。根據(jù)第四段中的 rising to speak ... at the lectern ...delivering your introduction ... your confidence growing ... conclude the speech可知，該段是按照演講的步驟 展開(kāi)的。

30. C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的 If one part of the speech always seems to give you trouble,visualize yourself getting through it without any problems可知答案。

31. B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的 But it is a proven way to help control your nerves可知，這種想象的排練能 夠讓你放松神經(jīng)、冷靜下來(lái)。