The ________ of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.（大多數(shù)）

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年福建省師大附中高二下學期期末模塊測試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Birds that are half-asleep — with one brain hemisphere (半球) alert(警覺) and the other sleeping — control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.
Earlier studies have recorded half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.
Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze(注視) direction.
Also, birds napping (打盹) at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in inner spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time.
“We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.
The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep developed over time as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.
Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.
Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg.” He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.
【小題1】According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______.

A．they have to watch out for possible attacks
B．their brain hemispheres take turns to rest
C．the two halves of their brain are differently organized
D．they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions
【小題2】What is implied about the example of a bird’s sleeping in front of a mirror?
A．An imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security.
B．Birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of their security.
C．The phenomenon of birds napping in pairs is widespread.
D．A single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror.
【小題3】It can be inferred that _______.
A．Birds never sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.
B．Inner ducks depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, as often as birds napping at the end of the line do
C．It is not the first time for scientists to research on birds’ half-brain sleep
D．Birds hardly sleep without a companion
【小題4】By saying “just the tip of the iceberg”, Siegel suggests that _______.
A．half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather
B．the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved
C．most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers
D．half-brain sleep may exist among other species

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年福建省龍巖一中高二第四學段（期末）考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she’s all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表達) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.
【小題1】According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.

A．habitsB．a(chǎn)ttitudesC．characterD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
【小題2】The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “_______”. 
A．calm and controlledB．polite and friendly
C．nervous and quietD．silent and kind
【小題3】In Britain, if you don’t want other people to think you are strange, you’d better _______.
A．talk with others as much as possible
B．behave just like the English do
C．say nothing about yourself
D．shake hands with everyone you meet
【小題4】If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “_______”.  
A．not badB．correctC．quite rightD．wonderful
【小題5】From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _______.
A．doesn’t like to show his feelings so much
B．has less emotion than people of other nationalities
C．finds it easy to express his emotion
D．likes to have a joke with strangers

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年山東省聊城市東阿一中高二第一次模塊測試英語卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she’s all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表達) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.
【小題1】According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.

A．habitsB．a(chǎn)ttitudesC．characterD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
【小題2】The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “_______”. 
A．calm and controlledB．polite and friendly
C．nervous and quietD．silent and kind
【小題3】In Britain, if you don’t want other people to think you are strange, you’d better _______.
A．talk with others as much as possible
B．behave just like the English do
C．say nothing about yourself
D．shake hands with everyone you meet
【小題4】If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “_______”.  
A．not badB．correctC．quite rightD．wonderful
【小題5】From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _______.
A．doesn’t like to show his feelings so much
B．has less emotion than people of other nationalities
C．finds it easy to express his emotion
D．likes to have a joke with strangers

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科目：高中英語 來源：重慶市萬州二中2009-2010學年高二下學期期末考試試題（英語） 題型：閱讀理解


As a foreigner , I often hear the Chinese calling me laowai ” . If I could not speak Chinese or if I had no understanding of Asian customs , I might be angry when I am called a “ laowai ” . But having lived in the Philippines and China’s Taiwan Province teaching English for several years , I have come to China with a different view from most other foreign teachers here . In such situations , I just answer back in standard Chinese : “ Ni zenmo zhidao wo shi waiguoren ?( How do you know I’m a foreigner ? )” When I hear people shout out “ hello ” in a more impolite way and then laugh , I reply in Chinese with “ Ni de yingyu bi wo de hao .(Your English is better than mine .)”
Speaking Chinese is a way of living an easier life in China . As an English teacher at Hubei University in Wuhan , I was once invited by a student to spend the weekend with his family . Because I can speak Chinese quite freely , I was able to talk with my student’s entire family . From my personal experience , I knew that the Chinese have a “ gift ”for making foreigners in China feel right at home . That fun-filled weekend I spent with my student’s family in Caidian , a small suburb of Wuhan , just showed that my idea was right .
It was an experience I will never forget .
Americans have a saying : If you can’t beat them , then join them .The secret to feeling at home with the Chinese people isn’t to try to make them change over to Western ways . The secret is to become one of them . Just go with the flow , or don’t take things too seriously . In this way you will surely feel at home in China .
If you no longer emphasize (強調(diào)) our differences from the Chinese , you will be more willing to concentrate on what “ big noses ” and “ small noses ” have in common .
68. The reply “Ni de yingyu bi wo de hao ” shows _______ .
A. the author likes to talk with the Chinese    
B. the author isn’t angry
C. the author really think so        
D. the author likes to speak Chinese
69. Which of the following is NOT true ?
A. The author has known Chinese customs fairly well .
B. The author can speak Chinese very well .
C. The author doesn’t mind being called a “ laowai ” .
D. The author is difficult to get along with .
70. Shouting out “ hello ” to a strange foreigner is usually considered ______ by foreigners .
A. friendly                      B. curious       
C. rude                         D. brave
71. The phrase “ go with the flow ” here means _______ .
A. feel at home                     
B. when in Rome , do as the Romans do
C. flow with the river                
D. take things easy

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

As a foreigner , I often hear the Chinese calling me laowai ” . If I could not speak Chinese or if I had no understanding of Asian customs , I might be angry when I am called a “ laowai ” . But having lived in the Philippines and China’s Taiwan Province teaching English for several years , I have come to China with a different view from most other foreign teachers here . In such situations , I just answer back in standard Chinese : “ Ni zenmo zhidao wo shi waiguoren ?( How do you know I’m a foreigner ? )” When I hear people shout out “ hello ” in a more impolite way and then laugh , I reply in Chinese with “ Ni de yingyu bi wo de hao .(Your English is better than mine .)”
Speaking Chinese is a way of living an easier life in China . As an English teacher at Hubei University in Wuhan , I was once invited by a student to spend the weekend with his family . Because I can speak Chinese quite freely , I was able to talk with my student’s entire family . From my personal experience , I knew that the Chinese have a “ gift ”for making foreigners in China feel right at home . That fun-filled weekend I spent with my student’s family in Caidian , a small suburb of Wuhan , just showed that my idea was right .
It was an experience I will never forget .
Americans have a saying : If you can’t beat them , then join them .The secret to feeling at home with the Chinese people isn’t to try to make them change over to Western ways . The secret is to become one of them . Just go with the flow , or don’t take things too seriously . In this way you will surely feel at home in China .
If you no longer emphasize (強調(diào)) our differences from the Chinese , you will be more willing to concentrate on what “ big noses ” and “ small noses ” have in common .

  1. 1.

    The reply “Ni de yingyu bi wo de hao ” shows _______ .

    1. A.
      the author likes to talk with the Chinese    
    2. B.
      the author isn’t angry
    3. C.
      the author really think so        
    4. D.
      the author likes to speak Chinese
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is NOT true ?

    1. A.
      The author has known Chinese customs fairly well .
    2. B.
      The author can speak Chinese very well .
    3. C.
      The author doesn’t mind being called a “ laowai ” .
    4. D.
      The author is difficult to get along with .
  3. 3.

    Shouting out “ hello ” to a strange foreigner is usually considered ______ by foreigners .

    1. A.
      friendly                     
    2. B.
      curious       
    3. C.
      rude                        
    4. D.
      brave
  4. 4.

    The phrase “ go with the flow ” here means _______ .

    1. A.
      feel at home                     
    2. B.
      when in Rome , do as the Romans do
    3. C.
      flow with the river                
    4. D.
      take things easy

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