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9．Years ago，I was watching a detective show on TV where the fingerprints of a criminal are required．The hero invites the bad guy to his home and offers him a glass of water．The man takes the glass and drinks the water．After he leaves the hero dramatically brings out a handkerchief and picks up the glass．His expressions show the satisfaction at a job well done．The bad guy will soon be arrested．
At that time，I found it amazing-how can prints on a glass identify people？My dad explained that if you were to press your thumb on an inkpad and then on a sheet of white paper you will leave a smudge or print，which no one else in the world can make．The same would be true for each of your fingers．The Chinese were the first to use a fingerprint as a type of identification-it was used as a signature on important documents，although they had no way of independently matching it with the owner．
Each print is one-of-a-kind and no two people have the same characteristic．Scientists and criminologists （those who study criminal characteristics） determine the differences between fingerprints by a careful study of their curves and not by their general shape or pattern．
In 1892，an English scientist，Sir Francis Galton，published a book on using fingerprints to solve crimes．At the same time in Argentina，a police researcher Juan Vucetich was also working towards a fingerprint classification system．However，it was in 1896that Sir Edward Henry，then serving as Inspector General of Police in India，developed the print classification system that would eventually be used globally．
Sir Edward Henry and his assistant Khan Haque discovered that all fingerprints could be systematically classified according to their general curve patterns．He divided them into three classes on the basis of their general pattern：loops （箕形紋），whorls （斗形紋），and arches （弓形紋）．By counting the curve between any two points in the pattern，each of the ten fingers could be classified into a particular group．Taking the group together as a unit you have a complete system of classifying fingerprints．
In June 1897，the world's first fingerprint bureau was set up in Calcutta and in 1901，Sir Edward Henry was appointed head of Scotland Yard in London，where he applied the system．This system，called the science of fingerprint identification，is still used by police departments all over the world today with few changes．

36．The purpose of the first paragraph is to showD．
A．how a person's fingerprints are taken
B．how satisfied the hero was with his work
C．how careful detectives should be when working
D．how fingerprints are commonly used to solve crimes
37．Fingerprints were first used in China toA．
A．sign documents               B．capture criminals
C．show respect                 D．prove identity
38．In which country was today's fingerprint classification system developed？D
A．China         B．Scotland         C．Argentina        D．India
39．Which of the following is true according to the passage？B
A．The fingerprint classification system has experienced great changes．
B．For more than a century，fingerprints have been applied to crime solving．
C．Henry's fingerprint classification system was immediately accepted internationally．
D．By comparing the general shape of two fingerprints，one can easily tell their difference．
40．What is the best title for this passage？C
A．Detectives and Criminals
B．Scientists and Criminologists
C．Fingerprints and Crime Solving
D．Researchers and Fingerprint Patterns．

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了指紋技術的發(fā)展，隨著對指紋了解的深入，各國建立了指紋分類系統(tǒng)，指紋技術也被用于破案．

解答 36．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第一段"After he leaves the hero dramatically brings out a handkerchief and picks up the glass"可知第一段的目的是為了展示指紋通常是如何解決犯罪問題的；故選D．
37．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第二段"Chinese were the first to use a fingerprint as a type of identification-it was used as a signature on important documents"可知中國人首先用指紋來簽署文件；故選A．
38．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第四段"then serving as Inspector General of Police in India，developed the print classification system that would eventually be used globally"可知分類系統(tǒng)是在印度發(fā)展的；故選D．
39．B．推理判斷題．根據文章第一段"Years ago，I was watching a detective show on TV where the fingerprints of a criminal are required"可知一個多世紀以來，指紋已被應用于破案；故選B．
40．C．主旨大意題．通讀全文二，可知文章主要講了指紋技術的發(fā)展，隨著對指紋了解的深入，各國建立了指紋分類系統(tǒng)，指紋技術也被用于破案；因此最佳標題為指紋與犯罪解決；故選C．

點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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