Question

Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature．He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously．He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization．He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favours the multiplication of others．In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million．

        Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences．Who would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers’ wives would have led to Eastern Australian being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semidesert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would have changed history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece?

        These are spectacular examples; but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be found．We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds, prescribing absolute security for all species; and we may find that some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies beyond measure and ousts the rare kinds in which we were particularly interested．We see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization, the starling spread over the English country-side in hordes．We improve the yielding capacities of our cattle; and find that now they exhaust the pastures which sufficed for less exigent stock．

The following examples except ________ reflect man altering the balance of nature．

       A．man is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants

       B．man is facilitating the spread of animals into new regions．

       C．man is killing some species on a large scale

       D．man is getting to know the importance of keeping the balance of nature．

What had a piece of Canadian waterweed cause?

       A．Eastern Australian was overrun with forests．

       B．Half the waterways of Britain blocked for a decade．

       C．In parts of central Africa, the land reduced to a semidesert．

       D．Disease-sleeping has been caused．

What have spread diseases?

       A．Disease-sleeping sickness．       B．Measles．

       C．Improved communications．            D．Malaria．

We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds but __________

       A．some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies   

       B．rare kinds multiply

C．a(chǎn)ll bird multiply                             

D．no bird multiply

The main idea of the passage is _________．

       A．that man is deliberately destroying the balance of nature

B．that man has foreseen the consequences of altering the balance old nature

       C．that improved communications have changed history

D．that man is altering the balance of nature

Answer 1

【小題1】C

【小題2】B

【小題3】C

【小題4】A

【小題5】D

解析:

【小題1】由全文內(nèi)容可知。

【小題2】第二段第二句給出答案：

【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段后半部分給出此答案。

【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段頭兩句給出此答案。

【小題5】主旨題。文章的主題是人類正改變著自然界的平衡。