Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even 【1】 alongside those from smoking and obesity. Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) 【2】 of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy by almost five years.

They based their calculations on data on the 【3】 between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved l 1,000 adults aged 25 and over. After 【4】 these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9. 8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it 【5】 for 286,000 years of life lost — equivalent to 22 minutes for each, hour watched. By 【6】, smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes — equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.

Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest “huge loss of life may be 【7】 with too much TV viewing.” The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected “given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns.” The researchers add: “If these figures are 【8】 and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors.”

Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes’ exercise a week, — equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week -- reduced their 【9】 of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could postpone one in six of all deaths — similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each 【10】 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】E

【4】K

【5】A

【6】F

【7】H

【8】J

【9】I

【10】G

【解析】

本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于看電視習(xí)慣的研究。新的研究表明，它的破壞性影響甚至可以與吸煙和肥胖相提并論。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，它的破壞性影響甚至可以與吸煙和肥胖相提并論。根據(jù)上文Television watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise.及本句中的but可知，此處指“它的破壞性影響甚至可以與吸煙和肥胖相提并論”。由此可知，may后接動(dòng)詞rank“屬于某等級(jí)，排列”。故選D。

【2】考查名詞。句意：研究澳大利亞看電視習(xí)慣的研究人員計(jì)算出，平均每天看6小時(shí)電視的人，平均壽命縮短了近5年。根據(jù)Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia可知，此處指“有平均每天看6小時(shí)電視習(xí)慣的人們”。由此可知，an后接名詞average“平均數(shù)”。故選B。

【3】考查名詞。句意：他們的計(jì)算基于澳大利亞肥胖與生活方式研究中關(guān)于看電視與死亡之間聯(lián)系的數(shù)據(jù)，該研究涉及1000名25歲及以上的成年人。根據(jù)between television viewing and death可知，此處指“看電視與死亡之間的聯(lián)系”，由此可知，the后接名詞link“聯(lián)系”。故選E。

【4】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用于整個(gè)25歲以上的人群后，這些人在2008年估計(jì)看了98億小時(shí)的電視，他們得出的結(jié)論是，它導(dǎo)致了28.6萬(wàn)年的生命損失——相當(dāng)于每小時(shí)觀看22分鐘。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是apply…to…“把……應(yīng)用于……”，由空前after可知，此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞applying。故選K。

【5】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用于整個(gè)25歲以上的人群后，這些人在2008年估計(jì)看了98億小時(shí)的電視，他們得出的結(jié)論是，它導(dǎo)致了28.6萬(wàn)年的生命損失——相當(dāng)于每小時(shí)觀看22分鐘。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是account for“導(dǎo)致”，句子描述的是2008年的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。

【6】考查名詞。句意：相比之下，據(jù)估計(jì)，吸一根煙會(huì)使預(yù)期壽命縮短11分鐘，相當(dāng)于看半小時(shí)電視。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處在進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比，由空前介詞by可知，此處使用名詞comparison“比較，對(duì)照”。故選F。

【7】考查形容詞。句意：昆士蘭大學(xué)的研究人員在《英國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上發(fā)表的研究報(bào)告中稱，這些數(shù)據(jù)表明“大量的死亡可能與看電視時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)有關(guān)�！备鶕�(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“大量的死亡可能與看電視時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)有關(guān)”，be associated with“與……有關(guān)，與……有關(guān)系”，此處使用形容詞associated“關(guān)聯(lián)的”。故選H。

【8】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：研究人員補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“如果這些數(shù)據(jù)被證實(shí)并反映了因果關(guān)系，那么看電視在一定程度上就是一個(gè)公共健康問(wèn)題，其嚴(yán)重程度可與既定的行為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素相當(dāng)�！备鶕�(jù)“TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factor”可知，此處指“這些數(shù)據(jù)被證實(shí)”，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞confirm“證實(shí)”的過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選J。

【9】考查名詞。句意：臺(tái)灣大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是那些每周只鍛煉92分鐘(相當(dāng)于每周6天每天鍛煉15分鐘)的人，其死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也降低了14%。每周只鍛煉92分鐘的人，死亡率降低了14%，所以此處使用名詞risk“冒險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”作their的賓語(yǔ)。故選I。

【10】考查形容詞。句意：每天每增加15分鐘，死亡率就會(huì)降低4%。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“每天額外增加15分鐘”。由此可知，此處使用形容詞additional“額外的”。故選G。