Thoughts claim our attention continuously, and waste our time and energy on unimportant and useless matters. They actually rule our life. We have become so used to this slavery, that we take it for granted, and have become unconscious of this habit, except on certain occasions.
While breathing, we do not need to pay attention to each inhalation and exhalation. We become conscious of the process of breathing only when we have some difficulty with breathing, such as when our nose is blocked, due to a cold, or when we are in an unventilated(不通風(fēng)的) room.
It is the same with thinking. We become conscious of the constant onslaught of our thoughts, and of our inability to calm them down, only when we need to concentrate, solve a problem or study. We are also aware of them when we have worries or fears.
Look at the following familiar situation. You need to study something for an exam. You sit comfortably on the sofa with the book in your hands and start reading. After a while you feel hungry and go to the kitchen to eat something.
You return to read, and then hear your people talking outside. You listen to them for several moments and then bring your attention back to the book.
After a while you feel restless and switch on the radio to listen to some music. You continue to read for a little while, and then remember something that happened yesterday, and you start thinking about it.
When you look at your watch, you are amazed to find out that one complete hour has passed and you have hardly read anything. And at this time, you feel you’re thinking.
This is what happens when one lacks concentration. Imagine what you could have accomplished if you could control your attention and focus your mind!
小題1:When can you feel you are thinking?
A．While breathing.B．While not reading.
C．When you need to concentrate.D．When you waste your time.
小題2:Why does the author put forward the exam situation?
A．To explain the course of thinking awareness.
B．To show how to get ready for an exam.
C．To present an example of concentration.
D．To emphasize the importance of reading.
小題3:Where can you most probably find the above passage?
A．In a guidebook of natural science.
B．In the front page of a newspaper.
C．In an advertisement part of a magazine.
D．In the section of psychology of a magazine.
小題4:This passage is mainly about _______.
A．the relationship between thoughts and breathing
B．how people’s thought and mind work
C．what happens when one wants to think
D．the ways to increase your thought

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:B

試題分析：文章用呼吸的過程來解讀人們的思維過程。然后用復(fù)習(xí)迎考的事例進(jìn)一步論證，指出“如果你集中注意力去進(jìn)行思考，相像一下你本來可以完成的事情有多少”。告誡人們：要集中注意力去進(jìn)行思考，而不是讓思考不斷剝奪我們的注意力，把時(shí)間和精力浪費(fèi)在雞毛蒜皮的無用的事情上。
小題1:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段We become conscious of the constant onslaught of our thoughts, and of our inability to calm them down, only when we need to concentrate, solve a problem or study.可知答 案為C。
小題2:A推理判斷題。根據(jù)四五六七段可知，作者舉例是為了證明第三段作者的觀點(diǎn)，即只有在你想要集中精力時(shí)你才會(huì)感覺到你在思考，故答案為A：為了解釋你產(chǎn)生思考意識(shí)的過程。
小題3:D推理判斷題。文章主要講在什么情況下人們會(huì)意識(shí)到自己在思考，而思考的過程屬于心理活動(dòng)的過程，所以本文應(yīng)該選自心理學(xué)雜志。
小題4:B主旨大意題。文章用呼吸的過程來解讀人們的思維過程。然后用復(fù)習(xí)迎考的事例進(jìn)一步論證。故文章的主要講的是：集中注意力才能進(jìn)行思考，實(shí)際就是講的“人們的心里思維是如何進(jìn)行的”。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As they migrate (遷移), butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with, and they change their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction. This new finding suggests that insects may employ some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances. Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.
Fascinating as their skills of flight are, migrating behavior has been difficult to study in   insects because many long distant trips happen thousands of feet above ground. Only recently have scientists developed technologies that can detect (測(cè)出) such little creatures at such great heights.
To their surprise, though, the insects weren’t passive travelers on the winds. In autumn, for example, most light winds blew from the east, but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried them south and they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wintering homes.
Even in the spring, when most winds flowed northward, the insects didn’t always go with the flow. If breezes weren’t blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go, the insects changed their body positions to compensate (補(bǔ)償). Many migrating birds do the same thing.
The study also found, butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along. By adding flight speeds to wind speeds, the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast as 100 kilometers an hour. The findings may have real-world applications. With climate warming, migrating insects are growing in number. Knowing how and when these pests move could help when farmers decide when to spray their crops.
小題1:What’s the main idea of the text?  
A．Insects migrate with the seasons．
B．Wind helps insects greatly in migrating．
C．Windsurfing insects have real direction．
D．Scientists have trouble in observing insects．
小題2:Scientists originally thought that ________．
A．insects always waited for their favorable winds
B．insects chose the winds they wanted to ride
C．insects were just blown about by the wind
D．insects positioned themselves in the winds
小題3:It is not easy to study the migrating behavior of the insects because ________．         
A．the little creatures can fly very fast
B．they have no regular migrating courses
C．the wind’s direction is hard to foresee
D．their flight is long and high above ground
小題4:We can learn from the text that _________．          
A．insects fly in the way birds do
B．insects travel more easily in autumn
C．insects never position themselves when flying low
D．insects rest a lot when the wind pushes them along
小題5:According to the passage, the findings can__________．             
A．increase insects in numberB．instruct farmers when to spray
C．prevent climate warmingD．help protect insects

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some students get so nervous before a test; they do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock has studied these highly anxious test-takers.
Sian Beilock: “They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry，it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.”
Professor Beilock and another researcher，Gerardo Ramirez，have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam，highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
Sian Beilock: “What we think happens is when students put it down on paper，they think about the worst that could happen and they reappraise the situation. They might realize it’s not as bad as they might think it was before and，in essence(本質(zhì)上)，it prevents these thoughts from popping up when they’re actually taking a test.”
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.
Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.
Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of  B+，compared to a B－ for those who did not.
Sian Beilock: “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious，who’d done our writing intervention(排解)，all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these testing situations.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
小題1:Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The result in the math test agrees with that in the biology test.
B．In the first math test, students who sat quietly performed better.
C．In the second math test, students who wrote about their feelings did worse.
D．Some college students are highly anxious test-takers while others are not in the tests.
小題2:What may happen if students have the problem of test anxiety?
A．Test anxiety is sure to cause students to fail the test.
B．Test anxiety can improve students’ performance to some degree.
C．Students’ attention and memory resources run out when worried.
D．Students may not be admitted into their favorite college if worried
小題3:The result of the research suggests that ________．
A．proper amount of burden may turn out to be a good thing
B．facing the fears bravely may help one to achieve more
C．a(chǎn)voiding facing the problem may contribute to relaxation
D．taking no action before difficulty may result in success
小題4:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．It is important for students to overcome test anxiety.
B．Anxious students overcome test anxiety by writing down fears.
C．It is a common practice for students being worried before a test.
D．Being worried before tests does harm to students’ performance.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

 Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don’t agree with them.
Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources(資源), we are short of(缺乏) others, for example, fresh water(淡水). It is reported that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps(水龍頭) when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best.
小題1:From the passage we know that some students often _______ in the school.
A．eat too muchB．don’t work hardC．waste thingsD．throw rubbish everywhere
小題2:Which is not mentioned in this passage?
A．Fresh water.B．Forest.C．Oil.D．Coal.
小題3:What may happen in 100 years?
A．We may still have enough oil.B．We may still have enough coal.
C．We may have a little oil.D．We may have no coal or oil to use.
小題4:Which is the best title of this passage?
A．Stop WastingB．School life
C．Waste in the SchoolD．Rich Resources in China

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Segway Human Transporter was invented by Dean Kamen．It is a two-wheeled vehicle designed for a single rider standing upright over its single axle（軸） and navigate using a set of handlebars resembling those on a bicycle．Electrically powered, it could travel over 15 miles on a single charge and reach speeds up to twelve miles per hour．Its speed and direction can be controlled by riders' changing their weights．
A college dropout and self-taught engineer, Kamen already held over 100 patents for his inventions when he developed the one he hoped would revolutionize short-distance travel．While still in college, Kamen started developing the medical devices （設(shè)備） that made his name．Later, he changed focus to the challenges faced by wheelchair users．His robotic wheelchair known as IBOT could climb stairs．This robot ended up paving the way for the Segway．
Before showing his most recent invention, Kamen had kept it a top secret for months．When it turned out to be little more than a motor scooter, many publicly expressed their disappointment．On closer examination, however, even his critics（批評(píng)家） had to admit that the vehicle was an engineering achievement．It answered the prayers of anyone who is worn out when walking downtown．Not everyone welcomed the Segway's arrival, though．Some complained it was too expensive, while others said it would further weaken the average American ' s fitness．A Japanese inventor even accused Kamen of stealing the idea for the Segway from him．
Despite the controversy, the U．S．postal service began using Kamen's invention a month after its appearance, and a factory was built with plans to produce about 40,000 Segways every month．The argument is still on whether the Segway will be remembered as the greatest invention since the light bulb, or just another forgettable electronic device．Anyway, trips to the local supermarket will never be the same again．
小題1:Which statement best describes the critics' reaction to the Segway?
A．Nothing but an electrical device．
B．A disappointing engineering mistake．
C．An expensive and disappointing invention．
D．Disappointing, but still a successful device．
小題2:Which is not a feature of the Segway?
A．One person at a time can ride on it．
B．It has two wheels with a single axle．
C．It is powered by electricity and can go up to 12mph．
D．Riders increase the speed by moving the handlebars
小題3:Some people expressed dissatisfaction with the Segway because of its______.
A．high costB．danger to traffic
C．being difficult to useD．contribution to laziness
小題4:Shortly after the Segway appeared, there were _________.
A．hopes for a larger model of it
B．no plans to do anything more with it
C．some discussions on the unforgettable device
D．plans to make tens of thousands of them a month

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Online Communication
In an age when technology moves faster than most can keep up with, a small group of people still remain in the time of old-fashioned letter. Frankly speaking, I was once certain that traditional letters could never be replaced by other means of communication.
But a story about online communication changed my mind.
An old man, who suffered a lot from Parkinson’s disease, was not able to talk clearly and could hardly write his name. Living totally alone, he managed to keep in touch with nearly all the members of his family. How did he achieve this? He clicked out words on his computer keyboard.
I, therefore, managed to get an E-mail box as soon as the opportunity came. My life changed. E-mail, and all online communication, is something truly different. It has capabilities（能力） that few other products can match.
E-mail is convenient. It takes less time with its fast speed and 24-hour connection. The slow postal service is no match. If you wouldn’t want to have a face-to-face talk with your manager, you might talk with him through E-mail even if you are in the same office.
Naming all the good things about online communication is not easy. But wait. E-mail can be inconvenient. It can waste time and energy. Just think what may happen when you take a short vacation and return to find your e-mail box filled with 200 unread messages. You could easily spend half a day clearing junk ads.
Then, online communication will keep us staying at our computer while it connects us to distant strangers. Once we throw ourselves into the machine, we may forget the human touches we once held so dear. I’m sure there is and always will be a place for the old-fashioned letter, phone call, and face-to-face meeting… even in the world of modern communication.
As I listen to the sound of the modem(調(diào)制解調(diào)器), I was excited at stepping out to the outside world but, at the same time, I sensed a loss of control over something valuable in my personal life.
小題1:What is the most probable meaning of the underlined word “junk” in paragraph6?
A．old and uselessB．New and usefulC．Short but valuableD．Long but clear
小題2:What does the writer think of online communication?
A．It should replace old-fashioned letters completely.
B．It is perfect and always does good to you.
C．It is extremely useful and convenient, but it may be inconvenient or even harmful.
D．It does more harm than good.
小題3:What caused the writer to become interested in E-mail and online communication?
A．The sound of the modem.B．His own illness.
C．The changing of his life.D．A sick old man’s experience.
小題4:According to the writer, traditional means of communication will never disappear because ________.
A．they are convenient and popular though they are slow
B．they help to keep the friendly relationship between people
C．most people cannot keep up with the development of technology
D．modern means of communication does too much harm
小題5:How did the sick old man keep in touch with his family members?
A．With the help of his computer.B．By writing letters with his pen.
C．By making telephone calls.D．By visiting them regularly.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Astronomers have captured(捕獲) the first direct image of a planet being born.
Adam Kraus, of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, said the planet is being formed out of dust and gas circling a 2-million-yea-old star about 450 light years from Earth.
The planet itself, based on scientific models of how planets form, is believed to have started taking shape about 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.
Called LkCa 15b, it’s the youngest planet ever observed. The previous record holder was about five times older.
Kraus and his colleague, Michael Ireland from Macquarie University and the Australian Astronomical Observatory, used Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea(a volcano on the island of Hawaii, US) to find the planet. Kraus presented the discovery Wednesday at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.
Observing planets while they’re forming can help scientists answer questions like weather planets form early in the life of a star or later, and whether they form relatively close to stars or father away.
Planets can change orbits(軌道) after forming, so it’s difficult to answer such questions by studying older planets.
“These very basic questions of when and where are best answered when you can actually see the planet forming, as the process is happening right now,” Kraus said.
Scientists hadn’t been able to see such young planets before because the stars they’re circling around outshine(光亮強(qiáng)過) them. Kraus and Ireland used two techniques to overcome this problem.
One method, which is also used by other astronomers, was to change the shape of the telescope mirrors to remove light distortion(扭曲) created by the Earth’s atmosphere. The other method they used, which was unique, was to put masks with several holes over most of the telescope mirrors. The combination of these techniques allowed the astronomers to obtain high-quality images that let them see the planet next to the bright star.
The star LkCa 15—the planet is named after its star—was the team’s second target. They immediately knew they were seeing something new, so they plan to gather more data on the star.
小題1:The research on younger planets helps scientists _____________.
A．study why planets change orbits after forming
B．understand how planets move around their stars
C．a(chǎn)nswer questions about the age of stars and planets
D．know the relationship between planets and their stars
小題2:Why are young planets like LkCa 15b hard to discover?
A．Their stars are brighter than them..B．They are very far from the earth.
C．They are generally too small.D．They rarely form.
小題3:According to the text, Kraus and Ireland _____________.
A．have been working in the same university
B．observed the planet on a volcano in Hawaii
C．used two new methods in the observation
D．cut holes in the mirrors when observing
小題4:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Youngest planet seen as it’s forming.
B．Planet 450 light years away discovered.
C．World’s first direct image of a planet taken.
D．New technique helps discover young planets.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It seems that many college graduates are unsure of what to do with their lives, so they jump back into the college scene by default(違約). But graduate school is costly, time consuming and requires a lot of in-depth study, and also parents will lay down more money and banks will supply more student loans.
However, there are some students who should be pursuing graduate degrees. Teachers, lawyers, doctors, professors and ministers are a few examples of those who will benefit from class work past a bachelor’s degree. Their professions call for additional courses and more specialization and therefore higher education is a must. Still, all students in general should not adopt the idea that graduate school is necessary for individuals who want to make more money. Working hard right after college can lead to promotions in the future. It seems that it does more good to network or internship（實(shí)習(xí)）with professionals while pursing a bachelor’s degree than it does to complete a master’s and distant oneself from the world of work.
If a student graduates with a four-year degree and immediately enters the work force , he will most likely start an entry-level pay. In a couple of years this employee will gain seniority and experience, therefore increasing their chance for pay rise. He will learn the information at his job-site that he did not learn in school. His bachelor’s degree loan can be immediately chipped away ,and his maturity level can increase as real work related responsibilities set in. But, if the student pursues a master’s degree, he may be able to demand more pay initially when he finally goes job hunting, but years of serious money making as well as work experience will already be lost.
Students should not shy from the workforce just because uncertainty follows graduation. Those who pursue a graduate degree just because they do not want to leave school and because they view the “real world” as scary should think again. Using graduate studies as a hiding place from the full-time job is a waste of time.
小題1:College graduates who go to work can _____ than those who pursue graduate degrees.
A．make more money in the futureB．a(chǎn)cquire more experience
C．get a better jobD．become more responsible
小題2:The underlined words “chipped away” can most possibly be replaced by_______.
A．given outB．set downC．thrown awayD．paid off
小題3:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．College graduates shouldn’t pursue graduate degrees
B．College graduates should think twice
C．How can college graduates make more money?
D．Students use graduate school to avoid reality

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Welcome to your future life!
You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. Your face is firm and young-looking. In 2035, medical technology is better than ever. Many people at your age could live to be 150, so at 40, you’re not old at all. And your parents just had an anti-aging (抗衰老的) treatment. Now, all three of you look the same age!
You say to your shirt, “Turn red.” It changes from blue to red. In 2035, “smart clothes” contain particles (粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body. The particles can be programmed to change your clothes’ color or pattern.
You walk into the kitchen. You pick up the milk, but a voice says, “You shouldn’t drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk, and it knows the milk is old. In 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.
It’s time to go to work. In 2025, cars drive themselves. Just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. Such “smart technology” is all around you.
So will all these things come true? “For new technology to succeed,” says scientist Andrew Zolli, “it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example—what will be the next?
小題1:We can learn from the text that in the future ________.
A．people will never get old
B．everyone will look the same
C．red will be the most popular color
D．clothes will be able to change their pattern
小題2:What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Milk will be harmful to health.
B．More drinks will be available for sale.
C．Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.
D．Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.
小題3:Which of the following is mentioned in the text?
A．Nothing can replace the Internet.
B．Fridges will know what people need.
C．Jacket sleeves can be used as a guide.
D．Cars will be able to drive automatically (自動(dòng)的).
小題4:What is the text mainly about?
A．Food and clothing in 2035.
B．Future technology in everyday life.
C．Medical treatments of the future.
D．The reason for the success of new technology.

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