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九江一中2008-2009學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期中考試卷

高   三   英   語       2008.11.10

命題: 吳平              審題:  張曉楠

第一卷(共三部分,共115分)

第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7. 5分)

聽下面的5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1. What does the woman want to do?

A. Buy a heater                               B. Get some information.                   C. Pay the rent.

2. What’s the woman going to do?

A. Plan a party                                B. Hold a party                                        C. Attend a party.

3. What do we know about the man?

A. He needn’t pay much for his house       B. He doesn’t like the city           C. He lives near his office

4. How will the man get to Boston?

A. By car.                                       B. By train                                               C. By air

5. What is the woman doing?

A. She is looking for a new job         B. she is starting her vacation      C.She is complaining to her friend.

 

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。

6. What classes is Nancy taking?

A. Computer                                     B. Music                                           C. Art

7. What is David’s wife in the school?

A.A librarian                                           B. A student                                      C.A teacher

聽第7段材料,回答第8、9、10題。

8. Where is the woman probably going this afternoon?

A. To the library                               B. To a swimming pool                             C.To a professor’s class

9. What will the man have to do this afternoon?

A. Study history                                B. Write a poem                                       C. Finish a paper

10 What does Prof. Lovell probably teach?

A. Literature                                     B. History                                         C. Maths

聽第8段材料,回答第11、12、13題。

11. Who is going to work today?

A. The woman                                  B. The man                                              C. Rebecca

12. When will the two speakers meet again?

 A. At 1:00                                      B. At 11:45                                             C. At 2; 30

13. Where do they probably live?

A. In the center of the city                 B. Near the gym                                C. Out of the city

聽第9段材料,回答第14、15、16題。

14. Who do you think “they” refer to?

A. Policemen                                           B. Teachers                                       C. Thieves

15. What probably had happened to the man?

A. He might steal something to eat      B. He lost his money                          C. He had a job interview.

16. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Teacher and student.                             B. Policewoman and thief                   C. Friends.

聽第10段材料,回答第17、18、19、20題。

17. What was Frank’s trouble?

A. His cold had worsened and he had no medicine at home       B. There was no one around to take care of him

C. He began to develop a bad cough that morning

18 What did Ramon do for Frank?

A. He went to buy some cough syrup for him                                                     

B. He called for a doctor.

C. He sent his dog Blackie to the local drugstore for some medicine

19. How did Ramon feel when Blackie was late?

A. Disappointed                                B. Amused                                               C. Embarrassed

20 Why did Blackie bark at the bone outside the window?

A. Because he wanted to tell his master why he was delayed            

B. Because he was very excited to see it.

C. Because he wanted to express his thanks to his master for it.

 

第二部分:英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)

第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)

從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

21. ------The weather isn’t good enough for an outing, is it?

   ------Not in the least. We can’t have _______ at this time of the year.

A. a worse day                                                B. a nicer day

C. such a bad day                                          D. so fine a day

22. ________, I think, and the problem could be settled.

A. Making great efforts                                   B. So long as you keep up your spirits

C. If you double your efforts                             D. A bit more effort     

23.When the wounded         to the hospital, they came to        .

       A.was rushed , life                                        B.were rushed , life          

C.rushed , lives                                             D.were rushed , lives

24. He _____ a novel last year but I don’t know whether he____ it.

A. wrote; writes                                                    B. had written; has written

C. was writing; has finished                           D. has written; writes

25. We were told that we should follow the main road__________ we reached the central railway station.

A. whenever                                             B. until             

C. while                                                D. wherever

26. You see, there’s no light on in the classroom,there         be anybody studying there now.

A. can’t                                                     B. mustn’t        

C. needn’t                                                   D. mayn’t

27. John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been__________ by a heavy storm.

A. kept                                                  B. stopped         

C. slowed                                              D. delayed

 

28. The general at last got a chance to visit the village,       he used to fight,       he had been dreaming of for years.

A. where; which                                         B. where; that       

C. in which; what                                           D. that; which

29. In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____ in personality.

       A. contact                                                       B. contrast                  

C. connection                                                  D. conflict

30.        money, he is quite rich, but this does not mean he is happy.

A. As with                                                  B. In terms of         

C. Concerning                                             D. In the light of

31. Having been attacked by terrorists, ________.

       A. doctors came to their rescue                                B. an emergency measure was taken 

       C. the tall building collapsed                             D. warnings were given to tourists

32.Cheer up, Maria! You can also enjoy _____ you have been dreaming of, if you don’t lose heart.

       A.a(chǎn)s a convenient life as                                 B.a(chǎn)s convenient a life as

       C.a(chǎn)s a life convenient as                                 D.convenient as a life as

33. _____  the help of our teachers, we ______ the problem.

A Under; took no trouble in solving                  B In; had no trouble at solving

C On; kept no troubles to solve                         D With; had no difficulty solving    

34.-------______ either you or he going to visit the exhibition?

   -------He is. I can't _______ working until 6 o'clock.

      A.Is; knock off                                              B.Are; knock away

      C.Are; knock off                                           D.Is; knock away

35. A model or an experiment in a science class can help students see things which would ______ remain hidden.

    A. otherwise                                                 B. still           

C. thus                                                      D. therefore   

第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從 36~55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

   I ran into a stranger as he passed by. “I'm so sorry!” was my reply. Then he said, “Excuse me too. I wasn't  36

watching for you.” We were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying  37.

   But at  38 , a different story is told. How we treat our loved ones, young and old. Later in the kitchen, as I  39  our meal, my daughter walked up to me, very still. When I turned, I  40  knocked her down. “Get out of the way!” I shouted. She stepped away silently, with her little heart  41 .

   That night, when I lay   42   in bed, God's quiet voice spoke to me and said, “While  43  with a stranger, you are calm and polite, but with those you love, you are QUICK to excite... Go look around on the kitchen floor, you'll find some flowers there by the  44 . Those are the flowers she brought for you. She  45  them herself-- pink, yellow, and your favorite blue. She stood there quietly, and you never saw the  46  in her eyes.”

   By this time, I felt sad and small and now my own tears had begun to fall. I quietly went and knelt by her  47 : “Wake up, my dear,” I said, “Are these the flowers you picked up for me?” She smiled, “I found them out by the tree. I  48 them in a napkin, just for you. I knew you'd like them, especially the  49 .” I said, “I am so sorry that I missed them today... And I  50  have shouted at you that way.”

   And she whispered, “Mommy, that's okay.. I still love you  51 .” I hugged her and said, “I love you, too and I LOVE the flowers.”

   Do you know that: if you die tomorrow, the  52  you are working for could easily replace you in a matter of days. But the family you leave  _53  will feel the loss for the rest of their lives. And come to think of it, we pour ourselves more into our  54  than into our families--an unwise investment indeed.

   Remember that  55  equals (F)ATHER -- (A)ND--(M)OTHER -- (I)--(L)OVE--(Y)OU.

 

36. A. ever                  B. even                      C. just                      D. right

37. A. greeting       B. good morning                 C. goodbye                     D. hello

38. A. school          B. work                    C. home                    D. office

39. A. cooked                 B. had                     C. ate               D. took

40. A. already                 B. hardly                   C. rudely            D. nearly

41. A. lost                    B. missed                   C. beaten            D. broken

42. A. asleep                  B. awake                   C. afraid             D. alive

43. A. dealing                 B. meeting                  C. going             D. talking

44. A. floor                  B. kitchen                   C. window           D. door

45. A. grew                  B. bought                  C. picked            D. fetched

46. A. tears                  B. expressions               C. smiles            D. joy

47. A. desk                  B. bed                      C. body             D. knees

48. A. wrapped              B. covered                  C. put               D. help

49. A. pink                  B. yellow                   C. blue              D. black

50. A. needn't            B. shouldn't                   C. mustn't            D. can't

51. A. indeed                 B. besides                   C. anything           D. anyway

52. A. company               B. country            C. place               D. state

53. A. for                    B. with                     C. behind             D. to

54. A. stranger         B. loss                      C. meal               D. work

55. A. RESPECT             B. WARMTH                C. FAMILY            D. FRIEND

 

第三部分:閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分,滿分40分)

閱讀下面的短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet-the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race. At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained―and added three inches to her height in four months! Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.

Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World war II started, the Taylors moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor moved into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8(1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)

Taylor’s fame and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatra―the highest pay received by any star up to that time.

Elizabeth Taylor is a legend of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others ― several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.

56. The producers didn’t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she ____.

A. was small in size                                         B. was too young

C. did not play well enough                              D. did not show much interest

57. What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both _____.

A. popular all their lives                                  B. famous actresses

C. successful when very young                          D. rich and kind-hearted

58. Taylor became Best Actress at the age of          .

A. 12             B. 28                     C. 31             D. 34

59. In her later life, Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to             .

A. doing business and helping others                  B. turning herself into a legend

C. collecting money for the poor                       D. going about research and education work

B

If you think a Web site designed especially for complaining sounds unique, then think again. If you have a complaint, there are hundreds of sites that allow you to get it off your chest. Sites exist for complaining about such things as defective products, government inefficiency, and offensive advertising. There are even sites where you can complain about anything that bugs you, including love, family, or just the weather. These Web sites won’t actually do anything about your problem; they just let you blow off steam. Here’s a sampling of complaints people have written:

1. Something I can’t stand is pencils! They need to be sharpened after every page you write. And then don’t you hate it when they start to make a scratching noise?

2. Have you ever noticed that in most schools you have chairs with armrests to write on attached to the right-hand side of the chair only? Where are the desks for left-handed people? It’s very uncomfortable for us “l(fā)efties” to use these desks made for right-handed people!

3. I see red every time I get my credit card bill from the bank. There’s always a check for a large amount attached with an invitation to sign it and spend it on “anything I want.” I have enough sense to rip it up and throw it away, but I bet a lot of people don’t. They don’t realize that when they use the “free check”, the expense gets put on their credit card bill. Boy, they must be surprised when they get that bill! I think that banks shouldn’t be tempting people with those checks.

4. It isn’t fair that only the US controls the Internet! I go to fill in a request for a catalog or a prize or a free offer, and I find it’s limited to residents of the United States. I live outside the US, and it’s frustrating!

60. If you have a complaint and go to some Web sites, ___________.

   A. your problem will be settled                                  B. you won’t be angry any more

   C. you are allowed to check your chest                            D. you will be bugged

61. What is the problem with those checks that people complained about?

   A. People can buy anything without paying the bill.         B. People usually throw them away.  

C. People are surprised to get the checks.          D. People couldn’t realize they’d used too much with the check

62. Why do people complain about the Internet?

   A. People can’t find the internet outside the United States B. People can’t get a free offer in the United States.

   C. People can’t get a free offer outside the United States.          D People can’t fill in a request for a free offer.

63. What could be the best title for the passage?

   A. Excellent Web Sites.                                          B. Complaining Online.

   C. Sampling of Complaints.                                       D. Writing out Your Complaints.

C

To be “historically minded” is to see things in relation and in perspective, and to judge tolerantly. We must remember how differently men have thought and acted in different times. We must always keep an open mind, ready to receive and weigh new evidence. If we grasp this idea, we will never think that a historian is someone who can remember dates. That childish idea is like calling a man a statesman because he can remember the names of voters in his district. A waiter could remember more names and a telephone operator more numbers than the greatest historian.?

The true historian is not content to take all his facts from other historians. Today he makes sure that his statements are based on sound “documents” or “sources” which go back to the time of the facts themselves. But the historian needs always to be in his guard not to be misled by his sources. A document may not be a real one. Its author may be lying on purpose for some reasons. He may be so greatly influenced by national, religious, party or personal backgrounds as to be totally unfair to the other side. If honest, he may be misinformed as to the facts and mistaken in his inferences.?

Anyone who reads the accounts published in the different countries concerning the causes and results of wars will realize that the historian needs caution and training in handling these sources. The trained historian asks first: “Did this writer mean to tell the truth?” and second; “Was he in a position or frame of mind to tell the truth even if he wants to?” Every statement must be patiently weighed and tested and combined with all other available information in order to get at the truth.?

64  A “historica1ly minded” researcher ____.?

A. always keeps an open mind to history?  B. looks at one historical event without relating it to another

C. sees things from a single point of view?               D. refuses to accept new evidence?

65. In Paragraph l the author means to illustrate that ____.?

A. different men think and act differently?

B. the study of history is not merely a matter of remembering dates?

C. a statesman can remember the names of voters in his district?

D. a waiter can remember more names than the great historians?

66. The true historian should base his statements on ____.?

A. findings of other historians?                               B. documents created at the present time?

C. his own inferences?                                           D. sound historical materials?

67. Which of the following is the topic of Paragraph 3? ?

A. Some historical documents may not be real.?              B. Historians should be careful about their sources.

C. Some authors may not be honest.??     D. Historians may be influenced by their own backgrounds.?

 

D

We can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We'll provide you with a choice of 150 first-class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University's own special study method--OU support open learning.

    We'll give the support of a personal teacher, and the chance to meet your fellow students. You can take one of courses, diplomas, a degree or a postgraduate degree. Subjects available include: Computing, Business Managements, Technology, Modern languages, Social Sciences, English Law, Arts, Science, Mathematics, Education and Health & Social Welfare.

    Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or your own personal interest, there's almost certainly a course for you. If you haven't studied for a while, we will help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required, you just need a lovely power of learning and a willingness to learn. It’s real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.

    Open University course materials are of the highest quality and come in a variety of forms, including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source material on CD-ROM. What else can the Open University offer you?

● The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teaching quality.

● 25% of all British MBAs come from the OU.

● Over 30,000 employers have offered chances to their staff of OU courses.

● 40,000 OU students are online from home.

● There are 9-month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees.

Send for your free instructions now.

68. This is an advertisement of _________.

     A. inquiring English learning                       B. setting up the Open University

     C. selling books                                        D. attracting students

69. As a student of the Open University, you don't need to ________.

     A. buy any course materials                         B. have lessons all the time at the university

     C. choose which course to learn                      D. pay any money for your study

70. The Open University can supply you with ________.

     A. a course for training your English                  B. a classroom and a library for study

     C. different kinds of free instructions                 D. different jobs to choose from

71. We can learn from the text that _________.

A. OU courses are popular in Britain                     B. money for learning must be paid off at one time

C. You can’t be admitted without any training before        D. people can't be employed without finishing OU courses

Effective environmental protection laws and other measures have led to the improvement of water quality in Tai Hu lake in Jiangsu Province.

The news was announced by officials from the provincial environmental protection bureau, which has just conducted an inspection of the lake area.

By the end of September, about 80 per cent of industrial pollutants met required standards and the lake is expected to be cleaner by the end of the year, officials said.

According to targets set by the State Environmental Protection Administration, all polluting enterprises must meet set standards by the end of this year or they will be shut down.

The Taihu Lake area, which surrounds the cities of Suzhou, Wuxi and Changshou, is one of the most economically developed areas in the country and has long enjoyed a reputation as the “l(fā)and of fish and rice”

However, the quality of water in the lake has been deteriorating(惡化)at an alarmingly rate in recent years, which has caused concern from the government and local people.

 Pollution is so high mainly because people do not have enough environmental awareness and have put economic benefits ahead of their surroundings.

Economic development in the area has been rapid with hundreds of factories being built. But officials say most of these do not have the anti-pollution equipment or measures they should have.

Because of the lack of waste treatment facilities, wasted water and other rubbish from residential areas in nearby towns and villages flow into rivers which are connected to Taihu Lake. This also contributed to the lake’s pollution.

 Realizing the seriousness of the situation, the provincial and local governments began to tackle the problem.

 Experts were invited to offer suggestions and laws and regulations were issued. All newly built factories and enterprises in the lake area were required to install necessary anti-pollution facilities before they can go into operation.

Also, some wasted water treatment works will be built in the three cities. 

72. We can know from the text that the Taihu lake area is a place where_____.

A. the water in the lake was very clear                B. the factories are trying their best to protect the water

C. the economy has been developed best in the country

D. the people and the government are paying more attention to the pollution.

73. Most of the factories now _____

A. are sending the quite a little pollutant to the lake           B. can satisfy the required standards

C. have to stop their production                                       D. have to think of other ways to survive.

74. The reason why the pollution became so serious here is that ___

A. the people here didn’t know how to deal with the pollution

B. the factories thought the economy was the first

C. the local governments didn’t know the situation at all

D. the factories had no the technology to control the pollution.

75. After reading the text, we can learn that_____.

A. the economy development will do harm for the environment

B. we can not avoid polluting if we wish to develop our economy.

C. only the experts can deal with the pollution

D. pollution can't be the result of the economy development

 

第二卷(非選擇題  共35分)

第四部分:寫作 (共兩節(jié),滿分35分)

第一節(jié):對話填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)

 閱讀下面對話,掌握其大意,并根據(jù)所給字母的提示,在標(biāo)有題號的右邊線上寫出一個(gè)英語單詞的完整、正確形式,使對話通順。

Jack: Have you heard the news that someone rode a horse to school?

Jane: What? Rode a horse to school? It (76) s_______ so strange to me.

Jack: But that’s true. A newspaper says recently two American (77) g_____ did it.

Jane: How come?

Jack: That is (78) b______ of rising oil prices. (79) L________ far away from their school, Mellissa Evans and Chapa Steven went to school by car. And as oil prices kept rising, they thought their horses would (80) s______ them money. (81) A_________ the trip will take hours, hay(干草) is much (82) c_______ than gas.

Jane: That’s right.

Jack: But the girl’s (83) c_________ ideas may not last long.

Jane: But why?

Jack: The school has told them that keeping horses at school is (84) a________ the school rules.

Jane. I see.

Jack: And many people have (85) s_______ from the oil prices rising in America, so they wish to get down the oil prices soon.

Jane:  So do people in our country.

 

76              

77              

 

78              

79              

80              

81              

82              

83              

 

84              

 

 

85              

 

 

第二節(jié):書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)

根據(jù)提示寫一篇120字左右的短文。

時(shí)下,很多學(xué)生帶手機(jī)上學(xué)。為此,某英語報(bào)在你校組織了一場討論。討論的主題:中學(xué)生是否有必要帶手機(jī)去學(xué)校。請你根據(jù)下表提供的信息,給報(bào)社寫一封信,客觀地介紹討論情況。

大多數(shù)同學(xué)認(rèn)為

大多數(shù)老師認(rèn)為:

你的觀點(diǎn):

可方便與家長、同學(xué)聯(lián)系;是一種時(shí)尚。

中學(xué)生年齡尚小,還不能自控;用手機(jī)玩游戲,發(fā)短信浪費(fèi)時(shí)間;容易引起攀比。如須打電話學(xué)校里有各種電話可供使用。

追求時(shí)尚可以理解,

但學(xué)習(xí)是首要任務(wù)。

注意:1.信的開頭已為你寫好。

2參考詞匯:攀比:vie with…  在校園內(nèi):on the campus

Dear editor:

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether ????????.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

試題詳情

蘇州市2009屆五市三區(qū)高三教學(xué)調(diào)研測試試卷

2008.9

注意事項(xiàng):

    1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,共120分。考試時(shí)間100分鐘。

2.請將第Ⅰ卷的答案填涂在答題卡上,第Ⅱ卷的答案寫在答題卷上,在試卷上答題無效。

 

第Ⅰ卷選擇題(共60分)

試題詳情

九江一中2008-2009上學(xué)期期中考試

高三物理試題

          命題人  查文華   審題人  劉仁彥                2008-11-6

 

本試卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分,共120分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。

 

第I卷選擇題(選擇題,共48分)

一.本題共12小題.每小題4分,共48分.在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,有的只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)正確,有的有多個(gè)選項(xiàng)正確,全部選對的得4分,選不全的得2分,有選錯(cuò)或不答的得0分.

1.如圖所示,一物體M放在粗糙的斜面上保持靜止,斜面靜止在粗糙的水平面上,現(xiàn)水平力F推物體時(shí),M和斜面仍然保持靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),則下列說法正確的是 (   )

A.斜面體受到地面的支持力增大       

B.斜面體受到地面的摩檫力一定增大

C.物體M受到斜面的靜摩檫力一定增大         

D.物體M受到斜面的支持力可能減小

2.農(nóng)民在精選谷種時(shí),常用一種叫“風(fēng)車”的農(nóng)具進(jìn)行分選。在同一風(fēng)力作用下,谷種和癟谷(空殼)谷粒都從洞口水平飛出,結(jié)果谷種和癟谷落地點(diǎn)不同,自然分開,如圖所示。對這一現(xiàn)象,下列分析正確的是 (    )

A.M處是谷種,N處為癟谷

B.谷種質(zhì)量大,慣性大,飛得遠(yuǎn)些

C.谷種飛出洞口時(shí)的速度比癟谷飛出洞口時(shí)的速度小些

D.谷種和癟谷在豎直方向做自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)

3.如圖所示,F(xiàn)1、F­2、F3恰好構(gòu)成封閉的直角三角形,這三個(gè)力的合力最大的是(   )

 

 

 

 

 

4.如圖所示的位移(s)―時(shí)間(t)圖象和速度(v)―時(shí)間(t)圖象中,給出四條曲線1、2、3、4代表四個(gè)不同物體的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況,關(guān)于它們的物理意義,下列描述正確的是:(     )

A.圖線1表示物體做曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)

B.s―t圖象中t1時(shí)刻v1>v2

  C.v―t圖象中0至t3時(shí)間內(nèi)3和4的平均速度大小相等

  D.兩圖象中,t2、t4時(shí)刻分別表示2、4開始反向運(yùn)動(dòng)

5.如圖所示,一網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員將球在邊界處正上方水平向右擊出,球剛過網(wǎng)落在圖中位置(不計(jì)空氣阻力),相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)如圖,下列說法中正確的是(   )

 

 

 

 

A.擊球點(diǎn)高度h1與球網(wǎng)的高度h2之間的關(guān)系為h1=1.8h2

B.若保持擊球高度不變,球的初速度v0只要不大于,一定落在對方界內(nèi)

C.任意降低擊球高度(仍高于h2),只要擊球初速度合適,球一定能落在對方界內(nèi)

D.任意增加擊球高度,只要擊球初速度合適,球一定能落在對方界內(nèi)

6.一彈簧振子做簡諧振動(dòng),周期為T,下列說法中正確的是(   )       

A.若t時(shí)刻和(t +△t)時(shí)刻振子對平衡位置的位移的大小相等,方向相同,則△t一定等于T的整數(shù)倍

B.若t時(shí)刻和(t+△t)時(shí)刻振子運(yùn)動(dòng)速度的大小相等,方向相反,則△t一定等于的整數(shù)倍

C.若△t=,則在t時(shí)刻到(t+△t)時(shí)刻的時(shí)間內(nèi)振子的位移可能大于振幅,可能等于振幅,可能小于振幅

D.若△t=,則在t時(shí)刻和(t+△t)時(shí)刻振子的速度大小一定相等

7.有兩個(gè)物體a和b,其質(zhì)量分別為ma和mb,且ma>mb,它們的初動(dòng)能相同,若a和b分別受到不變的阻力Fa和Fb的作用,經(jīng)過相同時(shí)間停下來,它們的位移分別是Sa和Sb,則                                            (    )

       A.  Fa<Fb,Sa<Sb                          B.Fa>Fb,Sa>Sb 

C. Fa>Fb,Sa<Sb                        D.Fa<Fb,Sa>Sb

8.汽車以恒定功率、初速度沖上傾角一定的斜坡時(shí),汽車受到的阻力恒定不變,則汽車上坡過程的不可能是下圖中的 (     )

 

 

 

 

9.如圖所示,在一次救災(zāi)工作中,一架沿水平直線飛行的直升飛機(jī)A,用懸索救護(hù)困在水中的傷員B,在直升飛機(jī)A和傷員B以相同的水平速度勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)的同時(shí),不計(jì)空氣阻力,懸索將傷員吊起,在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi),A、B之間的距離以(式中H為直升飛機(jī)A離水平面的高度)規(guī)律變化,則在這段時(shí)間內(nèi):                         (    )

       A.懸索的拉力等于傷員的重力             B.懸索是豎直的

       C.傷員做勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)              D.傷員做速度大小增加的曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)

10.據(jù)報(bào)道,我國數(shù)據(jù)中繼衛(wèi)星“天鏈一號Ol星”于2008年4月25日在西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心發(fā)射升空,經(jīng)過4次變軌控制后,于5月1日成功定點(diǎn)在東經(jīng)770赤道上空的同步軌道。關(guān)于成功定點(diǎn)后的“天鏈一號01星”,下列說法正確的是(     )

    A.運(yùn)行速度大于7.9 km/s

    B.離地面高度一定,相對地面靜止

 C.繞地球運(yùn)行的角速度比月球繞地球運(yùn)行的角速度小

    D.向心加速度與靜止在赤道上物體的向心加速度大小相等

11.一列簡諧橫波沿直線由a向b傳播,相距10.5m的a、b兩處的質(zhì)點(diǎn)振動(dòng)圖象如     圖中a、b所示,則

A.該波的振幅可能是20cm

B.該波的波長可能是8.4m

C.該波的波速可能是10.5 m/s

D.該波由a傳播到b可能歷時(shí)7s

12.我國未來將建立月球基地,并在繞月軌道上建造空間站.如圖所示,關(guān)閉動(dòng)力的航天飛機(jī)在月球引力作用下向月球靠近,并將與空間站在B處對接,已知空間站繞月軌道半徑為r,周期為T,萬有引力常量為G,下列說法中正確的是(  )

A.圖中航天飛機(jī)正加速飛向B

B.航天飛機(jī)在B處由橢圓軌道進(jìn)入空間站軌道必須點(diǎn)火減速

C.根據(jù)題中條件可以算出月球質(zhì)量

D.根據(jù)題中條件可以算出空間站受到月球引力的大小

 

 

1.3.5

 

試題詳情

【決戰(zhàn)2009】《三輪沖刺手冊》之二

{30天狀態(tài)保持套卷}之

------熱點(diǎn)時(shí)事時(shí)政專練6------

中國第24次南極科學(xué)考察隊(duì)2007年12月11日順利到達(dá)中國南極中山站,執(zhí)行中國2007至2008年度科學(xué)考察和后勤保障任務(wù)。

當(dāng)中山站的各項(xiàng)工作步入平穩(wěn)軌道后,中國

第24次南極科學(xué)考察隊(duì)的綜合隊(duì)將乘坐“雪

龍”號再次啟程前往中國南極長城站。讀右圖,

完成:

1.圖中M地以南地區(qū)常年盛行的風(fēng)向是:

    A.東南風(fēng)         B.東北風(fēng)        

C.西南風(fēng)         D.西北風(fēng)

2.若某科考隊(duì)員于某日北京時(shí)間13時(shí)30分在M地

觀測到太陽位于地平線上,當(dāng)他再次觀測到太陽位于

地平線上的時(shí)間間隔是:

A.19小時(shí)        B.21小時(shí)     

C.22小時(shí)        D.24小時(shí)

為應(yīng)對自08年以來襲卷全球的金融風(fēng)暴,我國政府出臺多項(xiàng)針對性措施,其中包括提高勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品的出口退稅率,據(jù)此回答:

3.受此政策的影響,下列企業(yè)將直接受惠的是:

A.有色金屬冶煉企業(yè)                     B.石油化工企業(yè)

C.箱包、玩具企業(yè)                       D.軟件開發(fā)企業(yè)

4.國家出臺這一措施的主要目的是:

① 提高企業(yè)產(chǎn)品附加值           ② 解決大量人口的就業(yè)問題  

③ 鼓勵(lì)勞動(dòng)密集型企業(yè)增加出口  ④ 促使企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級

A.①②             B.③④            

C.①④             D.②③

2008年5月12日,我國四川省汶川發(fā)生里氏8級大地震,波及范圍之廣,受災(zāi)面積之大,人員傷亡之慘重均為多年來之罕見,成為中國人民長期的心中之痛。根據(jù)上述材料回答:

5.此次大地震的發(fā)生,與下列哪兩個(gè)板塊活動(dòng)有關(guān):

    A.亞歐板塊和太平洋板塊             B.印度洋板塊和太平洋板塊

    C.印度洋板塊和亞歐板塊             D.非洲板塊和印度洋板塊

6.此次大地震伴隨有大量的次生災(zāi)害發(fā)生,主要的次生災(zāi)害有:

    A.洪澇災(zāi)害       B.瘟疫蔓延      

C.火山和海嘯     D.滑坡和泥石流

國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的抽樣調(diào)查表明全國每3個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)工人中就有2個(gè)來自農(nóng)村地區(qū),2004年全國農(nóng)村外出務(wù)工的農(nóng)民達(dá)11823萬人。讀圖1,回答:

7.民工凈流入最多的省區(qū)是:

A.新疆、山東、北京                     B.四川、湖北、福建

C.廣東、浙江、上海                     D.上海、山東、浙江

8.西部地區(qū)民工凈流入最多的省區(qū),吸引民工流入的主要原因是:

①資源開發(fā)          ②氣候條件優(yōu)越     

③邊境貿(mào)易發(fā)展      ④生活水平較高

A.①④             B.①③            

C.②③             D.②④

9.改革是推動(dòng)社會進(jìn)步的動(dòng)力。改革開放30年來,我國形成了全方位的開放格局,取得了舉世矚目的成績。閱讀材料回答下列問題。

【材料】:中國產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移路線示意圖

文本框: 海       外       產(chǎn)         業(yè) 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)簡述30年來我國產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移線路。

(2)珠江三角洲成為我國對外開放的前沿,具有哪些區(qū)位優(yōu)勢。

(3)目前,西部地區(qū)將逐步承接?xùn)|部地區(qū)和國際上部分產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移。試簡要分析產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對西部地區(qū)帶來的影響。

10.2008年初,低溫雨雪天氣席卷我國南方地區(qū)。閱讀下列圖文資料,根據(jù)已掌握的知識回答問題。

【材料一】:從2008年1月10到2月8日,我國南方地區(qū)十多個(gè)省級行政區(qū)經(jīng)歷了四次低溫、雨雪以及冰凍天氣過程。這次氣象災(zāi)害在很多地方都為50年一遇,部分地區(qū)的災(zāi)害甚至為百年一遇。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【材料二】:中央氣象臺2008年1月28日六時(shí)再發(fā)暴雪紅色警報(bào):受冷暖空氣影響,預(yù)計(jì)今天白天到夜間,右圖所示地區(qū)將發(fā)生大雪、暴雪和凍雨災(zāi)害。

⑴ 材料所示期間,北太平洋上主要受                    (氣壓中心)控制。

⑵ 圖中多個(gè)省級行政區(qū)發(fā)生凍雨災(zāi)害,簡述發(fā)生凍雨災(zāi)害地區(qū)冬季的氣候特點(diǎn)         ,該氣候特點(diǎn)的形成原因是                  、                               。

1月28日正值運(yùn)輸高峰――“春運(yùn)”,試述強(qiáng)降雪或凍雨對交通運(yùn)輸?shù)挠绊憽?/p>

                                                                            。

⑷ 據(jù)報(bào)道,2008年上海新茶上市較往年晚得多并且價(jià)格偏貴,試分析原因。

                                                                            。

⑸ 通過2008年的冰雪災(zāi)害,使我們在預(yù)防、減輕突發(fā)性的自然災(zāi)害方面獲得怎樣的啟示?(至少答出3點(diǎn))

                                                                       。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

答案

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

5. C

6. D

7. C

8.B

9.(1)海外產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移,最初多集中在珠三角區(qū)域;隨著長三角經(jīng)濟(jì)圈和環(huán)渤海經(jīng)濟(jì)圈的興起,(一些技術(shù)含量高的)制造業(yè)開始向這些地方轉(zhuǎn)移;(隨著土地、勞動(dòng)力、能源等方面成本的上升與環(huán)境的惡化),勞動(dòng)密集型制造業(yè)和資源性產(chǎn)業(yè),大量轉(zhuǎn)移至中西部地區(qū)。(或答:大致形成國際產(chǎn)業(yè)向我國沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)圈轉(zhuǎn)移,沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)圈向中西部轉(zhuǎn)移的局面)。(2)臨海(地處沿海);歷史上著名的對外開放地區(qū);臨近港澳;著名的僑鄉(xiāng),利于吸引境外資金,引進(jìn)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn);國家政策優(yōu)勢。(3)促進(jìn)資源開發(fā),促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展;加快工業(yè)化(促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)力從第一產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向第二產(chǎn)業(yè))和城市化進(jìn)程;增加就業(yè)機(jī)會,緩解就業(yè)壓力;可能帶來環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞。

10.⑴ 阿留申低壓  ⑵低溫少雨  冬季正午太陽高度較小  受來自高緯內(nèi)陸的冬季風(fēng)控制⑶強(qiáng)降雪或凍雨引起道路積雪、結(jié)冰,使公路、民航、鐵路全面受影響,高速公路關(guān)閉,機(jī)場航班取消,火車營運(yùn)受阻。⑷ 我國茶葉主要產(chǎn)區(qū)在秦淮線以南的丘陵山地,今年該地區(qū)受低溫、雨雪以及冰凍天氣的影響,茶樹受凍害,損失較大。⑸ 運(yùn)用地理信息技術(shù)對自然災(zāi)害進(jìn)行監(jiān)測、預(yù)報(bào);建立有效的“防災(zāi)機(jī)制”,及時(shí)應(yīng)對突發(fā)的災(zāi)害;建立相應(yīng)的法律法規(guī),督促相關(guān)部門按照職責(zé)做好災(zāi)害的應(yīng)急工作,開展保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù);宣傳有關(guān)自然災(zāi)害的常識,讓人們學(xué)會合理的自救、營救措施。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

試題詳情

九江一中2009屆高三年級上學(xué)期期中考試

數(shù)學(xué)試卷(文科)

組題:楊相春  審題:高三數(shù)學(xué)備課組

 

試題詳情

【決戰(zhàn)2009】《三輪沖刺手冊》之二

{30天狀態(tài)保持套卷}之

------熱點(diǎn)時(shí)事時(shí)政專練5------

2009年1月26日是中國傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日――春節(jié)。中國的春節(jié),是最具文化內(nèi)涵和傳統(tǒng)魅力的節(jié)日,也是最有凝聚力的一個(gè)節(jié)日。讀圖1完成:

1.下列最有可能表示中華民族歡度春節(jié)時(shí)的光照圖是:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.春節(jié)前夕,不少游子回家團(tuán)聚,導(dǎo)致這種人口流動(dòng)的主要原因是:

A.經(jīng)濟(jì)因素       B.婚姻家庭      

C.環(huán)境因素       D.政治因素

2008年相關(guān)部門正在醞釀條件成熟時(shí)延長法定退休年齡,有可能女職工從2010年開始,男職工從2015年開始,采取‘小步漸進(jìn)’的方式,每3年延遲1歲,逐步將法定退休年齡提高到65歲。據(jù)此回答:

3.下列說法正確的是:

A.有利于解決我國人口老齡化正在加速而導(dǎo)致養(yǎng)老金需求增大的問題 

B.延遲退休年齡是大勢所趨,既可延遲社保支付,減輕財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān),又增加就業(yè)

C.延遲退休年齡使就業(yè)壓力增大

D.我國已開始進(jìn)入人口老齡化,不需要計(jì)劃生育

2008年5月3日,位于智利南部的沙伊頓火山爆發(fā),火山噴出大量的熔巖及火山灰直入云霄。居住在當(dāng)?shù)氐募s1500人緊急撤離。智利國家應(yīng)急辦公室稱,該火山位于智利首都圣地亞哥南方約1300公里,盡管火山爆發(fā)噴發(fā)出大量熔巖及火山灰,但并沒有人員傷亡;卮穑

4.智利是一個(gè)多地震的國家,原因是該國: 

A.位于海嶺附近                       B.位于板塊消亡邊界附近

C.位于太平洋板塊與美洲板塊之間       D.大陸地殼很薄

5.下列關(guān)于火山的說法,正確的是:

A.只有板塊的交界處才會引起火山 

B.火山是一種破壞力極強(qiáng)的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,并且還可以誘發(fā)其他自然災(zāi)害   

C.破壞性大的火山都發(fā)生在陸地人口集中的地區(qū) 

D.距火山中心距離相等的兩點(diǎn),其破壞程度相同

6.沙伊頓火山附近沿海地區(qū): 

A.分布有熱帶沙漠氣候          B.分布有寬廣的沖積平原

C.有寒流經(jīng)過                  D.分布有世界最大的溫帶落葉闊葉林帶

 

據(jù)緬甸國家電視臺2008年5月5日報(bào)道,5月2日登陸緬甸的熱帶風(fēng)暴已造成至少1.5萬人死亡,隨著救災(zāi)深入,死亡人數(shù)還可能繼續(xù)上升。據(jù)此及下圖,回答1~3題。

7.與熱帶風(fēng)暴“納爾吉斯”登陸后移動(dòng)路徑無關(guān)的是:

A.地轉(zhuǎn)偏向力     B.海陸分布 

C.地形起伏       D.低緯信風(fēng)

8.關(guān)于熱帶風(fēng)暴“納爾吉斯”帶來影響的敘述,錯(cuò)誤的是:

A.帶來大量降水可以緩解中南半島地區(qū)的伏旱旱情

B.可以調(diào)整高低緯度問的熱量分布,維持全球熱量平衡

C.參與了海陸間大循環(huán),促進(jìn)陸地淡水資源的更新

D.使得部分地區(qū)短時(shí)間內(nèi)氣溫下降

9.目前在熱帶風(fēng)暴監(jiān)測方面最主要利用了

①遙感技術(shù)       ②地理信息系統(tǒng) 

③全球定位系統(tǒng)   ④網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)

A.①②           B.②③        

C.①②③         D.①②④

10.(旅游地理) 閱讀下列材料,分析回答問題。

【材料一】:2008年8月8日晚8時(shí)08分第29屆夏季奧運(yùn)會在北京開幕,經(jīng)過16天的精彩角逐,圓滿完成各項(xiàng)賽事,于8月24日勝利閉幕。此次奧運(yùn)會各項(xiàng)工作獲得世界各國一致好評,奧運(yùn)場館鳥巢、水立方等成為北京的新地標(biāo),北京現(xiàn)已進(jìn)入后奧運(yùn)時(shí)代,正在享受奧運(yùn)帶來的精彩。

【材料二】:下圖為奧運(yùn)場館圖

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

          水 立 方                                  鳥  巢

(1)奧林匹克精神傳到中國屬于文化擴(kuò)散中的________擴(kuò)散,奧運(yùn)會期間一些外國游客將奧運(yùn)福娃作為紀(jì)念品帶回祖國,并以福娃為例向周圍的人介紹北京奧運(yùn)會文化,這屬于文化擴(kuò)散中的________擴(kuò)散。

(2)材料二中的奧運(yùn)場館成為北京新的旅游景點(diǎn)、旅游熱點(diǎn),游客絡(luò)繹不絕,這體現(xiàn)出旅游資源的________、________、________等特性。

(3)為主辦奧運(yùn)會而修建的京津城際鐵路的主導(dǎo)因素是________________,奧運(yùn)會為京津地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來哪些影響?

 

 

 

 

答案

1. C

【解析】:中國春節(jié)是1月26日,南極圈內(nèi)只是少部分地區(qū)出現(xiàn)極夜,C正確, A北極圈內(nèi)全部出現(xiàn)了極晝,表示6月22日的現(xiàn)象;B和D均表示12月22日后的現(xiàn)象。

2. B

【解析】:游子回家團(tuán)聚是婚姻家庭的因素,B正確。

3. AC

【解析】:逐步將法定退休年齡提高到65歲,有利于解決我國人口老齡化正在加速而導(dǎo)致養(yǎng)

老金需求增大的問題,延遲退休年齡是大勢所趨,既可延遲社保支付,減輕財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān),但減

少了就業(yè)的機(jī)會,延遲退休年齡使就業(yè)壓力增大,我國已開始進(jìn)入人口老齡化,由于人口基

數(shù)大,還需要計(jì)劃生育。

4.B  

【解析】:智利屬于南美洲的國家,位于南極洲板塊與美洲板塊碰撞擠壓處。

5.B  

【解析】:火山屬于破壞力巨大的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,也不僅僅發(fā)生在板塊交界處。

6.C  

【解析】:南美西海岸有秘魯寒流經(jīng)過。

7.D  

【解析】:熱帶風(fēng)暴在移動(dòng)過程中,受到地形、地轉(zhuǎn)偏向力等因素的影響比較明顯。

8.A  

【解析】:伏旱天氣主要發(fā)生在中國長江中下游地區(qū)。

9.A  

【解析】:遙感技術(shù)、地理信息系統(tǒng)在災(zāi)害監(jiān)測中的應(yīng)用范圍較廣,作用顯著。

10.(1)  遷移擴(kuò)散    傳染擴(kuò)散

(2)  非凡性  可創(chuàng)造性   多樣性

(3)  社會經(jīng)濟(jì)    交通更加便利;創(chuàng)造一些新的旅游資源;地區(qū)接待能力增強(qiáng);旅游資源地域組合條件更好等

 

 

 

 

 

 

試題詳情

啟東市2009屆高三第一學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研考試

歷 史 試 卷

    注意:請學(xué)生將第一大題選擇題的各小題正確答案填涂在答題卡;第二大題非選擇題的各題答案則寫在答卷紙上。

試題詳情

自由復(fù)習(xí)階段,應(yīng)該主要做好以下工作:

在復(fù)習(xí)前首先應(yīng)該對自己的知識掌握情況有一個(gè)清楚的把握,做到心中有數(shù)。

對前面所進(jìn)行的復(fù)習(xí)加以整理,包括所有的復(fù)習(xí)材料、考試卷等,對其中的典型題目、錯(cuò)的題目應(yīng)該著重進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí);

嚴(yán)格按照高考的時(shí)間和要求,有計(jì)劃地做一定數(shù)量的題組練習(xí),使自己時(shí)刻保持一種臨考的緊張狀態(tài),以免松懈。注意練習(xí)中不要貪圖數(shù)量,而要注重質(zhì)量,爭取每次練習(xí)都有收獲;

注意自由復(fù)習(xí)階段應(yīng)該以基礎(chǔ)知識為主,不要去做偏題、難題、怪題;復(fù)習(xí)要全面,不要猜題、押題。

總之,這段復(fù)習(xí)總的指導(dǎo)思想應(yīng)是“重在整理,學(xué)思結(jié)合,有點(diǎn)有面”,以對知識的整理和回顧為主,有適當(dāng)?shù)木毩?xí)又有必要的思考和總結(jié),既有個(gè)別考點(diǎn)的補(bǔ)充強(qiáng)化又有整體的題組操練。

 

第一部分:語言知識和語言表達(dá)

(一)識記現(xiàn)代漢語的字音和字形

字音和字形是各考點(diǎn)中比較零散的一項(xiàng),因此在復(fù)習(xí)中可根據(jù)這一特點(diǎn),用零散的時(shí)間去記憶,現(xiàn)在大部分復(fù)習(xí)材料上都有容易讀錯(cuò)和寫錯(cuò)的字的簡表,可根據(jù)這些,列出計(jì)劃,每天記10個(gè)左右,并不斷復(fù)習(xí)。要特別注意平時(shí)常用常見的字、多音字、形近字的讀音和寫法,落在口頭上和筆頭上,因?yàn)闇?zhǔn)確是“識記”這一層級最起碼的要求。

這一部分功夫在平時(shí),在于堅(jiān)持,臨考之前不必再下太多功夫、用太多時(shí)間。

(二)正確使用詞語(包括成語)

這一部分主要包括三個(gè)內(nèi)容:一是同義詞近義詞的辨析,二是成語的正確使用,三是現(xiàn)代漢語虛詞的使用。

同義詞近義詞的辨析可以從詞義的輕重、適用對象、范圍大小、感情色彩(褒、貶、中)、語體色彩(口語、書面語)、詞性及語法功能(在句中可以做什么成分)、搭配對象等方面來辨析,做題時(shí)應(yīng)該做到“抓住差異,適當(dāng)聯(lián)想,緊扣語境,善用排除”。

成語的使用要注意以下幾個(gè)“誤區(qū)”:一是望文生義,二是對象誤用,三是輕重失度,四是褒貶顛倒,五是功能混亂,六是謙敬錯(cuò)位,七是邏輯脫節(jié),八是語意重復(fù)。

在成語的使用中,一是要特別注意平時(shí)常見常用的成語用得是否正確,二是要注意不要單純從語法角度去判斷,而是要從前后句的語意角度去判斷,有的成語必須聯(lián)系全句才能看出它使用得是否恰當(dāng)。

此外,還要注意一些似是而非的成語,有些詞語容易被視為單純的貶義詞或褒義詞,如“燈紅酒綠”、“想入非非”、“綿里藏針”、“胸?zé)o城府”、“樂不思蜀”、“如虎添翼”等等,使用時(shí)要注意結(jié)合具體語境來考慮。

現(xiàn)代漢語虛詞的使用可遵循如下步驟:一是熟悉加點(diǎn)虛詞的基本意義和用法,二是分析虛詞所在的前后句之間的關(guān)系,三是把虛詞用法和前后句關(guān)系加以對照,一致就說明使用是正確的。

虛詞數(shù)量不多,但用法極度為靈活,應(yīng)該積累一些常見的、習(xí)慣性的固定搭配。

(三)辨析并修改病句

《考試說明》中提供的病句類型有:語序不當(dāng)、搭配不當(dāng)、成分殘缺或多余、結(jié)構(gòu)混亂、表意不明、不合邏輯。

判斷病句,首先要查找“病因”。常見的語病主要是由以下幾方面造成的:

1、用詞方面的錯(cuò)誤,包括用錯(cuò)實(shí)詞(詞與語的界限不明確、誤用單音詞、生造詞語、選錯(cuò)同義詞、詞性誤用等)、用錯(cuò)成語、代詞選用不當(dāng)、用錯(cuò)介詞(濫用介詞或介詞結(jié)構(gòu)、用錯(cuò)了介詞、有介詞但是缺少介詞的賓語、有介詞的賓語但是缺少介詞等)、連詞使用不當(dāng)(選錯(cuò)連詞、缺少連詞等),這類錯(cuò)誤同詞語的使用有密切的關(guān)系。

2、造句方面的毛病,包括成分殘缺(主語[中心語]殘缺、賓語[中心語]殘缺、其它成分殘缺等)、搭配不當(dāng)(主謂搭配不當(dāng)、動(dòng)賓搭配不當(dāng)、附加成分和中心語搭配不當(dāng)?shù)龋、結(jié)構(gòu)混亂(詞序不當(dāng)、句式雜糅、分合不當(dāng)?shù)龋,這是同句子結(jié)構(gòu)的把握最為密切的一類病句。

3、語意表達(dá)效果方面的毛病,包括重復(fù)多余、歧義、費(fèi)解等,這往往與修辭、語言規(guī)范、清晰、連貫、得體有關(guān)系。

4、邏輯錯(cuò)誤,包括概念使用不恰當(dāng)(用錯(cuò)了概念、暗中偷換了概念、大小概念并列使用等)、判斷不合理(自相矛盾、一面與兩面意思不協(xié)調(diào)、否定不當(dāng)、判斷當(dāng)中前后的概念不能配合、主客倒置等)、推理不正確等,這主要是從邏輯學(xué)來分析“病因”。

其次,在辨析病句時(shí),要掌握一些方法:

1、單句語病的檢查方法主要有緊縮法和類比法兩種。緊縮法即找句子主干,類比法即按原句的格式仿造幾句,放在一起比較,看看上否符合語法習(xí)慣。不論是選擇題還是簡答題,都應(yīng)對一個(gè)完整的句子進(jìn)行瞻前顧后的分析,一據(jù)語法,二憑語感,二者互為結(jié)合,反復(fù)辨析、比較,從而把句子正誤弄清。

2、復(fù)句則可以從分句之間關(guān)系的辨析入手,由此也可見銜接、搭配、表達(dá)等多方面的情況,為判斷提供第一手的材料。

此外,還應(yīng)該注意以下方面:

1、看到介詞開頭,注意其是否主語殘缺。

   如:經(jīng)過老主任再三解釋,才使他怒氣漸消。

2、看到并列短語,注意其是否彼此失應(yīng)或包容。

   如:今年春節(jié)期間,這個(gè)市的210輛消防車、3000多名官兵放棄休息,堅(jiān)守崗位。

3、看到反問、否定詞,注意其是否否定不當(dāng)、正反顛倒。

   如:睡眠三忌:一忌睡前不可惱怒,二忌睡前不可飽食,三忌臥處不可當(dāng)風(fēng)。

   又如:雷鋒精神當(dāng)然要有新的內(nèi)涵,但誰又能否認(rèn)現(xiàn)在就不需要學(xué)雷鋒呢?

4、看到成對的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語,注意其是否搭配不當(dāng)或位置失當(dāng)。

   如:不論氣候條件和地理環(huán)境都極端不利,登山隊(duì)員們還是勝利到達(dá)了山頂。

5、看到雙面詞,注意其前后是否照應(yīng)失當(dāng)。

   如:我們能不能培養(yǎng)出“四有”新人,是關(guān)系到社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的大事。

6、看到數(shù)量詞,注意是否搭配失當(dāng)或語序失調(diào)。

   如:據(jù)科學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì),蜜蜂每釀一斤蜜,大約要采集50萬朵的花粉。

   又如:如何迅速提高課堂效率,是一個(gè)語文老師關(guān)心的問題。

7、看到數(shù)量詞加名詞加“的”和“或”,注意其是否有歧義。

   如:局長吩咐幾個(gè)學(xué)校的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),新學(xué)期工作一定要有新的起色。

   又如:他背著總經(jīng)理和副總經(jīng)理偷偷地把錢分別存入兩家銀行。

8、看到“對”、“對于”、“關(guān)于”等介詞,注意其是否虛詞用法不當(dāng)。

   如:雷鋒這個(gè)名字對青少年并不陌生。

   又如:世界各大報(bào)紙關(guān)于這件事都做了詳盡的報(bào)道。

9、看到過長的定語,注意其是否缺少賓語中心語。

   如:為彌補(bǔ)用水不足,只好開展用河水來代替自來水的使用,以緩解供需的矛盾。

10、看到“否則”,注意其是否贅余重復(fù)。

   如:要不是老趙及時(shí)提醒我一些要注意的問題,否則,簽合同時(shí)我一定會出錯(cuò)。

11、看到表因果的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,注意其是否強(qiáng)加因果。

如:因?yàn)樗麃碜员狈,思想根本上還是舊的一套。

對于病句的辨析,每一種類型應(yīng)該掌握一定數(shù)量的典型例子

(四)擴(kuò)展語句,壓縮語段

擴(kuò)展語句的主要題型是設(shè)定兩個(gè)不同的語境,要求以某一個(gè)詞語為重點(diǎn),擴(kuò)展成30―40個(gè)字的語段。做這類題,關(guān)鍵是重點(diǎn)一定要突出,在字?jǐn)?shù)上是最多的,對它的修飾成分也是最多的。還有一種情況是續(xù)寫出一個(gè)語段,一般要求和開頭的意思一致,這時(shí)注意和仿寫的區(qū)別。

壓縮語段的主要題型包括一句話新聞、導(dǎo)語、概括要點(diǎn)、添加標(biāo)題等,其解題思路與技巧可參考如下:

A、解題思路:

1、審題干,明要求。看一看題干涉及到哪些內(nèi)容,有什么要求,是擬寫新聞標(biāo)題,寫一句話新聞、導(dǎo)語、要聞,還是表明作者的主張、認(rèn)識、觀點(diǎn)、字?jǐn)?shù)限制多少,認(rèn)真辨析題目干中的字眼,從而確立壓縮的重點(diǎn)、方向和思維方式。

2、審語段,析義理。即審查該語段是什么樣的材料(新聞材料還是一般材料),由幾段(幾句)組成,每段(每句)各表達(dá)了什么意思或說明了什么道理,然后再分析一下段與段(句與句)是怎樣的關(guān)系。

3、審話題,立主體。清楚了語段的材料及其關(guān)系,緊接著就要分析一下該段(句)圍繞著什么話題、以什么為主體展開,分清主次,權(quán)衡輕重。從而確立信息的主體和重點(diǎn),為壓縮做最后的準(zhǔn)備。

4、審語體,定表達(dá)。在壓縮之后整理答案時(shí),主要采用主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的陳述句或被動(dòng)句來表述,這是最省勁、最保險(xiǎn)的做法。

B、解題技巧:

1、合并同類,并舉異義。一一篩選之后,將同類的進(jìn)行大合并,相關(guān)的進(jìn)行小合并,不同的并列到一起。

2、摘中心句,打葉削枝。有些語段的信息是由中心句和關(guān)鍵句組成的。關(guān)鍵句是為中心句服務(wù)的,或從反面或從側(cè)面,但都屬旁敲側(cè)擊之句,而語段的中心句就是內(nèi)容的核心。壓縮時(shí)只需將這個(gè)中心句摘取出來,然后根據(jù)要求將多余的枝葉去掉。

3、去偽存真,刪繁就簡。去掉對某個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息的闡釋、說明、補(bǔ)充、擴(kuò)展、引申等。

 (五)選用、仿用、變換句式

這一項(xiàng)的考查重點(diǎn)是句式的仿寫和變換。

句式的仿寫一般和修辭方法結(jié)合在一起考查。做此類題的關(guān)鍵在于要兼顧內(nèi)容和形式兩個(gè)方面,內(nèi)容上要與原句子的意思相銜接(這一點(diǎn)題目中往往有很明確的要求),形式上首先要找好參照的句子,仔細(xì)研究句子的形式特點(diǎn),確定仿寫時(shí)必須保留的句子的格式,以及句子所用的修辭方法。在仿寫時(shí)要注意在格式上盡量與參照句子貼近(但不是單純的重復(fù)),這樣更穩(wěn)妥更保險(xiǎn)。

句式變換就是指同義句式的變換。基本要求是:①符合改句的句式特點(diǎn);②變式不變意;③變式不漏意。

句式變換主要有以下三個(gè)考查重點(diǎn):

▲長句和短句的變換

長句是指修飾語多而復(fù)雜,詞數(shù)多,形體長的單句;短句的修飾語少,結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。

長句變?yōu)橐唤M短句可先找出句子中的主干,然后把長句中的幾個(gè)修飾語變換成幾個(gè)并列的修飾語分別修飾中心語,構(gòu)成一組排比;同時(shí)要兼顧獨(dú)立出來的幾個(gè)短句之間的順序。

一組短句變?yōu)殚L句可以其中一個(gè)短句作主干,把其余的短句變成這個(gè)短句的修飾語,其中關(guān)鍵是弄清哪個(gè)修飾語是修飾哪個(gè)中心語的。

▲整句和散句的變換

結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相近的一組句子叫整句,包括排比、對偶或相當(dāng)于排比的句子。結(jié)構(gòu)不整齊、各式各樣的句子交錯(cuò)在一起的一組句子叫散句。

整句、散句互變時(shí)要注意重復(fù)性用詞,整句改為散句是將整句中的重復(fù)性詞語去掉;散句改為整句則是加上重復(fù)性詞語。此外還需考慮字?jǐn)?shù)。

▲句子的重組

句子的重組是把句子變成以某個(gè)詞語(短語)開頭的句子,這類題目要特別注意句子中各個(gè)分句之間的關(guān)系。

(六)語言表達(dá)簡明、連貫、得體

試題詳情

九江一中2009屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試

數(shù)學(xué)卷(理)

 

命題人:江翠云    審題:高三數(shù)學(xué)備課組

 

試題詳情

【決戰(zhàn)2009】《三輪沖刺手冊》之二

{30天狀態(tài)保持套卷}之

------熱點(diǎn)時(shí)事時(shí)政專練4------

1. 2008年2月26日“植物界諾亞方舟”倉庫在北歐挪威的西斯匹次卑爾根島(圖1)正式落成,以便在地球遭遇極端災(zāi)害后還能保存世界各地的生命種子。選擇倉庫在建在此處最主要的原因是

A. 寒流流經(jīng)此處,氣候寒流

B. 國際航線眾多,交通便利

C. 人煙稀少,安全性好

D. 冷高壓控制之下,氣候嚴(yán)寒

圖1是“護(hù)送2008奧運(yùn)圣火登頂珠峰的大本營”圖片,圖2是浙江“雁蕩勝境”圖片。讀圖回答:

2.形成珠峰大本營附近碎屑堆積物和雁蕩山陡崖峽谷的主要外力作用分別是:

  A.風(fēng)力位蝕、流水堆積

  B.冰川堆積、流水侵蝕

  C.流水堆積、冰川侵蝕

  D.冰川侵蝕、風(fēng)力沉秘

在2008年櫻花盛開的季節(jié),胡錦濤主席一行圓滿完成了對日本的“暖春之旅”。此行進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)了中日友好關(guān)系的發(fā)展。

 3.日本與我國一水之隔,這里的“一水”是指:

A.日本海        B.渤海   

C.黃海          D.東海

 4.每年日本不同地區(qū)櫻花開放日期各不相同。從4月初到6月末櫻花依次盛開的地區(qū)是:

    A.本州、九州、北海道    B.北海道、本州、九州

    C.九州、本州、北海道    D.北海道、九州、本州

 5.5月10日胡主席參觀了松下電器公司。在我國改革開放初期,該公司部分電器裝配廠較早轉(zhuǎn)移到我國東部沿海地區(qū),影響這種選擇的主導(dǎo)因素是:

A.能源         B.勞動(dòng)力   

C.技術(shù)         D.交通運(yùn)輸

據(jù)國家氣象干旱監(jiān)測中心2008年5月16日顯示:黑龍江北部、內(nèi)蒙古東北部等地區(qū)干旱持續(xù),西北地區(qū)東部干旱露頭,并有發(fā)展趨勢.據(jù)此回答:

6.上述地區(qū)旱情發(fā)育的原因是:

①雨帶停留在南方地區(qū)   ②太陽直射點(diǎn)北移,氣溫回升  ③高氣壓帶的控制  ④上述地區(qū)以大陸性氣候?yàn)橹,降水稀?/p>

A.①②    B.③④   C.①②③     D.②③④

7.旱情發(fā)展對上述地區(qū)影響最大的農(nóng)作物是:

A.春小麥          B.冬小麥   

C.油菜            D.甘蔗

8.我國旱澇災(zāi)害發(fā)生頻率較高的主要原因是:

A.地形復(fù)雜             B.大陸性氣候區(qū)面積廣闊   

C.全球氣候變暖         D.夏季風(fēng)的不穩(wěn)定

 

 

9.針對我國中部地區(qū)現(xiàn)狀,國家在“十一五”規(guī)劃綱要(2006―2010)中提出“促進(jìn)中部地

區(qū)崛起”的區(qū)域發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。山西、河南、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽是我國中部崛起戰(zhàn)略中的

重要省區(qū)。根據(jù)下述資料,結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,回答(1)―(5)題。

【資料一】:見圖14

【資料二】:見圖15

【資料三】:見圖16

圖14  中部六省位置示意圖

(1)有人提出“中部塌陷”的說法。根據(jù)圖15,可以體現(xiàn)這種說法的依據(jù)是             。

(2)導(dǎo)致中部六省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展較慢的主要原因是_________。(填正確項(xiàng)字母)。

A. 自然資源相對貧乏

B. 與東部地區(qū)比,城市裙帶動(dòng)能力弱

C. 勞動(dòng)力豐富

D. 交通條件不如東、西部地區(qū)

E. “中部崛起”戰(zhàn)略尚未實(shí)施

(3)下列條件各省工業(yè)方面的描述正確的是_______。

A. 山西是我國的煤炭能源基地

B. 位于湖北的三峽水電站是我國最大的水電站

C. 河南、安徽是我國重要的航空航天基地

D. 湖南、江西是我國有色金屬工業(yè)基地

(4)從自然條件角度分析該區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢和不利因素。

(5)分析該區(qū)域糧食生產(chǎn)對保障國家糧食安全的重要意義。

 

10. 2008年國家新的法定節(jié)假日調(diào)整方案正式實(shí)施。調(diào)整內(nèi)容包括:①、國家法定節(jié)假日

總天數(shù)由10天增加到11天。②、春節(jié)放假起始時(shí)間由農(nóng)歷年正月初一調(diào)整為除夕。③“

一”國際勞動(dòng)節(jié)由3天調(diào)整為1天;清明、端午、中秋增設(shè)為國家法定節(jié)假日,各放假1

天。根據(jù)下述資料,結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,回答(1)~(4)題。

【資料一】:見圖22

【資料二】:見圖23

(1)該景點(diǎn)旅游旺季為___________,淡季為

___________(填圖22中的數(shù)字代碼)。

(2)自1999年實(shí)施的黃金周制度給游客帶來的不利影響有_______(填正確項(xiàng)字母)。

   A. 景點(diǎn)人滿為患,旅游感受差 

B. 交通擁堵,安全隱患增多

C. 增加了旅游方式的多樣性

D. 服務(wù)質(zhì)量下降

E. 增加了長線旅游機(jī)會

 

 

 

 

圖23北京某景點(diǎn)國內(nèi)旅游者地區(qū)分布圖(2005年)

(3)2005年該景點(diǎn)客源地的分布特點(diǎn)是___。分析原因。

(4)分析2008年國家新法定節(jié)假日制度調(diào)整方案的積極意義。

 

 

 

答案

1. D

【解析】:在北歐挪威的西斯匹次卑爾根島建立“植物界諾亞方舟”主要目的是在地球遭遇極端災(zāi)害后還能保存世界各地的生命種子,這些種子必須要在低溫條件下方能長期保存下來,而根據(jù)圖1可知,西斯匹次卑爾根島位于80°N附近,常年受極地冷高壓控制,氣候嚴(yán)寒,適宜保存這些種子。

2. B

【解析】:考查地理1自然環(huán)境中的物質(zhì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和能量交換―流水、風(fēng)力、冰川等外力作用對地表形態(tài)的塑造。珠峰大本營附近的碎屑物質(zhì)和雁蕩山的峽谷:冰川堆積地貌和流水侵蝕地貌。冰川地貌可以分為三大類:一是冰蝕殘留地貌,如角峰、刃脊、冰蝕三角面、羊背石和冰擦面等;二是冰蝕地貌,主要是冰斗、U型谷、冰蝕湖盆等;三是冰磧物所形成的地貌,如側(cè)磧堤、終磧堤、冰磧丘陵等。由冰川作用所留下留下的巖屑或巖屑壟,代表了冰川的邊緣位置,稱冰磧物。冰磧物的特征一般被描述為“大小混雜”、“雜亂無章”、“沒有分選”等,我國青藏高原的冰川研究,施雅風(fēng)等提出了高原隆升在約80萬年前進(jìn)入冰凍圈的高度。

雁蕩山的峽谷位于濕潤地區(qū),判斷是流水侵蝕作用的結(jié)果。

3. D

4. C 

5. B

【解析】:本組題界“暖春之旅”這一事件考查了主要地理事物的分布和影響工業(yè)的區(qū)位因素。第3題,通過識記我國沿海地區(qū)的分布圖,可知這里的“一水”是指東海。第4題,櫻花開放日期與與緯度的高低有關(guān),緯度越低,開放越早,日本這三個(gè)島嶼緯度由低到高的順序依次是九州、本州、北海道。第5題,影響電子裝配工業(yè)的主導(dǎo)因素是勞動(dòng)力

6.C  北方春旱期間,雨帶還停留在南方,同時(shí)氣溫升高,蒸發(fā)作用強(qiáng)烈。

7.A  此時(shí)正是春小麥生長季節(jié)。

8.D  夏季風(fēng)的強(qiáng)弱對我國旱澇的發(fā)生有著顯著的影響。

9.(1)依據(jù):①中部地區(qū)的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總之比重增幅下降;②在三大地區(qū)中,中部的國內(nèi)

生產(chǎn)總值比重增幅最小。

(2)BE

(3)ABD

(4)優(yōu)勢:①該區(qū)域位于亞熱帶和暖溫帶,光照充足,雨熱同期(氣候資源豐富);②耕地資源豐富,土壤肥沃(有大面積的平原,如鄱陽湖平原、洞庭湖平原等)。不利因素:①降水季節(jié)變化大(變率大),多洪澇、干旱災(zāi)害;②初春、冬季多寒潮;③水土流失嚴(yán)重。

(5)意義:①該地區(qū)糧食產(chǎn)量占全國的30%以上;②是我國重要的糧食生產(chǎn)基地(是我國小麥和稻米主產(chǎn)地)。

【解析】:本題主要考查考生快速全面準(zhǔn)確獲取圖標(biāo)信息的能力,描述和闡述地理事物的能力,運(yùn)用地理原理、結(jié)合區(qū)域?qū)嶋H綜合分析問題的能力。引導(dǎo)考生關(guān)注國家大事,體現(xiàn)地理學(xué)科的實(shí)用性。10.(1)②    ①③

(2)ABD

(3)分布特點(diǎn):距離北京近人數(shù)多,距離北京遠(yuǎn)人數(shù)少(客源地人數(shù)隨距北京的遠(yuǎn)近而變化)。原因:距離北京越近,旅游成本越低(距離北京越近,旅游費(fèi)用越低,時(shí)間花費(fèi)越少)。

(4)積極意義:①有利于弘揚(yáng)和傳承民族傳統(tǒng)文化;②減輕了節(jié)假日期間交通壓力;③減少了對日常工作、生活的不利影響;④平衡游客量的季節(jié)分布。

【解析】:本題主要考查考生獲取信息的能力并運(yùn)動(dòng)相關(guān)知識描述、分析地理事物的能力。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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