50．A．worse B．easier C．more D．less 【查看更多】

 

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閱讀理解

　　Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been made illegal．But one popular form continues to exist, that is alphabetism(字母排序法)．This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames(姓氏)begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet．

　　It has long been known that the cars of a taxi firm called AAAA have a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers look through their phone directories．Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbot has in life over Zoe Zysman．English names are fairly spread between the halves of the alphabet．Yet a quite large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K．

　　Thus the American presidents and vice-presidents have surnames starting with Band C separately and 26 of those before George Bush took office(including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half．Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G 7rich countries are alphabetically advantaged(Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi)．The world's three top central bankers(Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami)are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters．The same case are the world's five richest men(Gates, Buffet and so on)．

　　Can this merely happen by chance? At the start of the first year in primary school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names．So shortsighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is seldom asked the improving questions by those teachers．At that time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape．Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly．

　　The unfairness continues．At university graduation parties, the ABCs proudly get their awards first．However, by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are a little tired．Lists of job interviews and conference speakers and attendees all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their readers lose interest as they plough through them．

(1)

What does the author intend to show with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?

[　　]

A．

An example of competition of two kinds of cars．

B．

Some advantages of AAAA cars in the taxi firm．

C．

An example of unfairness caused by alphabetism．

D．

Some disadvantages of Zodiac cars in the taxi firm．

(2)

What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

[　　]

A．

The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman．

B．

In both East and West, names are important to success．

C．

Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names．

D．

The discrimination in alphabetism can be found in many areas．

(3)

The fourth paragraph suggests that ________．

[　　]

A．

alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class

B．

teachers should pay equal attention to all their students

C．

questions are often put to the more intelligent students

D．

students should be seated according to their eyesight

(4)

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．

VIPs in the western world gain a great deal from alphabetism．

B．

People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated．

C．

Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional unfairness．

D．

The movement to get rid of alphabetism still has a long way to go．

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閱讀理解

　　We have heard of counterfeiting before．Usually it refers to people making money by printing it instead of earning it．But counterfeiting also can involve all sorts of consumer goods and manufactured products．From well-known brand names such as Calvin Klein jeans to auto parts, counterfeiters have found ways to produce goods that look authentic．In some instances, counterfeit products look better than the original!

　　The demand of brand-name products has helped counterfeiting grow into a very profitable business throughout the world and into a serious problem for legal manufacturers and consumers alike．Faulty counterfeit parts have caused more than two dozen crashes．Most counterfeit auto parts do not meet federal safety standards．

　　Counterfeiting hurts manufacturers in many ways．Analysts estimate that, in the United States alone, annual revenue loss runs form ＄6 billion to ＄8 billion．Perhaps even worse, consumers blame the innocent manufacturers when they unknowingly buy a counterfeit product and find it doesn't perform as expected．Sometimes entire economies can suffer．For instance, when farmers in Kenya and Zaire used counterfeit fertilizers, both countries lost most crops．

　　By copying other firm's products, counterfeiters avoid research and development costs and most marketing costs．High-tech products such as computers and their software products are especially easy to attack．As long as counterfeiting is profitable, large quantities of products are available to copy, and the laws are difficult to enforce, counterfeiters can be expected to be proper for a long time．

(1)

The word“counterfeiting”most probably means ________．

[　　]

A．

making things of poor quality for profit

B．

making things of good quality for profit

C．

illegal making of things by copying

D．

legal making of things by copying

(2)

The most appropriate title for the passage would be ________．

[　　]

A．

The Effects of Counterfeiting

B．

The Problem of Counterfeiting

C．

The Cause of Counterfeiting

D．

The Profit of Counterfeiting

(3)

It can be inferred from the passage that hand-made products are“________．”

[　　]

A．

easier to counterfeit than high-tech products

B．

more difficult to counterfeit than high-tech products

C．

less profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products

D．

more profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products

(4)

The quality of most counterfeit products is ________．

[　　]

A．

not up to the standards of America

B．

up to the standards of America

C．

so poor that few people want to buy the products

D．

so good that most people prefer them to the authentic ones

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Many children and teenagers spend．large amounts of time playing game．Most of the games have become very complicated and realistic．And while some of them have educational content and promote l earning，problem solving and help wit h the development of motor skills，others emphasize negative themes and promote killing，fighting，criminal behavior and violence in general.

     There is growing research-on the effects of video games on children．Numerous studies show that video games，especially ones with violent content，make teens more aggressive. Children exposed to violence can become addicted to the horror of violence by imitating the violence they see，and showing more aggressive behavior themselves．Some children accept violence as a way to cope with their own problems．Studies have also shown that the more realistic is the exposure to violence，the more impressed children are．Also，children with emotional，behavioral and learning problems may be more influenced by violent images．Playing video games may increase aggressive behavior，because violent considered an effective teaching method in strengthening learning patterns．

    Children and teens who become overly Involved with video games，and，therefore，spend large amounts of time playing these games，can create problems，such as poor social skills，time absent from home，lower grades at school，less reading，less exercising and becoming overweight，aggressive thoughts，behaviors and so on．   

    Parents are responsible for helping their children in choosing books to read，toys to play    with，TV programs and movies to watch，which are appropriate for each particular child．Entertainment materials should be fun，engaging，exciting and educating. Parents should have a good knowledge and understanding of each child so that they can assist them in selecting appropriate learning materials．．Parents should invest more of their time playing the  games with their children，as well as talking with them about their impressions，thoughts  and feelings related to the playing game．They can also engage in a discussion of great values that may guide the child down a safe road and lead to the development of a moral character．

1．The best title of this passage probably is           .

    A．The Violence in Video Games             B．The Responsibilities of Parents

    C．Children and Video Games                 D．The Magic of Video Games

2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

    A．Playing too much video games can make teens addicted to t he pleasure of it．

    B．Only by exposing to the most realistic violence can video games affect teens badly．

    C．Most children addicted to video games will deal with their problems by violence．

    D．Children with certain．problems are easier to be affected by violent games．

3．The main idea of the third paragraph might be           ．

    A．children spend too much time on video games   

    B．the more time teens spend on video games，the worse effect there will be

    C．the bad effects caused by video games

    D．1ow grades at school are usually due to video games

4．What should parents do to help their children according the author?

    A．They should respect and love their children．

B．They should spend more time with their children   

C．They should have constant discussions with their children

    D．They should recommend as many entertainment materials as possible

5．It can be inferred from the passage that          .

    A．the author tends to worry about the negative effects of video games on children

    B．the author thinks highly of the benefits brought by video games to children

    C．strong measures should be taken to prevent video games from spreading out

    D．the bad effects of video games will soon be got rid of thanks to the research

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We have heard of counterfeiting before. Usually it refers to people making money by printing it instead of earning it. But counterfeiting also can involve all sorts of consumer goods and manufactured (制造) products. From well-known brand names such as Calvin Klein jeans to auto parts, counterfeiters have found ways to produce goods that look authentic. In some instances, counterfeit products look better than the original!

       The demand of brand-name products has helped counterfeiting grow into a very profitable business throughout the world and into a serious problem for legal manufacturers and consumers alike. Faulty counterfeit parts have caused more than two dozen crashes. Most counterfeit auto parts do not meet federal (聯(lián)邦的) safety standards.

       Counterfeiting hurts manufacturers in many ways. Analysts estimate that, in the United States alone, annual revenue (收入) loss runs form $ 6 billion to $ 8 billion. Perhaps even worse, consumers blame the innocent manufacturers when they unknowingly buy a counterfeit product and find it doesn’t perform as expected. Sometimes entire economies can suffer. For instance, when farmers in Kenya and Zaire used counterfeit fertilizers, both countries lost most crops.

       By copying other firm’s products, counterfeiters avoid research and development costs and most marketing costs. High-tech products such as computers and their software products are especially easy to attack. As long as counterfeiting is profitable, large quantities of products are available to copy, and the laws are difficult to enforce, counterfeiters can be expected to prosper for a long time.

1．The word “counterfeiting” most probably means ______.

A．making things of poor quality for profit 

B．making things of good quality for profit

C．illegal making of things by copying       

D．legal making of things by copying

2．The most appropriate title for the passage would be ______.

A．The Effects of Counterfeiting               B．The Problem of Counterfeiting

C．The Cause of Counterfeiting              D．The Profit of Counterfeiting

3．It can be inferred from the passage that hand-made products are “______.”

A．easier to counterfeit than high-tech products

       B．more difficult to counterfeit than high-tech products

C．less profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products

D．more profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products  

4．The quality of most counterfeit auto products is ______.

A．not up to the standards of America         

B．up to the standards of America

C．so poor that few people want to buy the products

D．so good that most people prefer them to the authentic ones

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閱讀理解

Main idea

　　The main idea of a paragraph is what all the sentences are about. Read the paragraph and ask, “What's your point?” That will help you zero in on the main idea.

　　Read each paragraph carefully. Choose the best answer to the following questions.

　　1．John loves to play games. His favorite game is chess because it requires a great deal of thought. John also likes to play less demanding board games that are based mostly on luck. He prefers Monopoly because it requires luck and skill. If he's alone, John likes to play action video games as long as they aren't too violent.

　　2．Maria is watching too much television. A toddler shouldn't be spending hours staring blankly at a screen. Worse yet, some of her wild behavior has been inspired by those awful cartoons she watches. We need to spend more time reading books with her and pull the plug on the TV!

　　3．Samantha, I can't eat or sleep when you are gone. I need to hear your scratchy voice and see your lovely toothless smile. I miss that special way that you eat soup with your fingers. Please come home soon!

　　4．Someday we will all have robots that will be our personal servants. They will look and behave much like real humans. We will be able to talk to these mechanical helpers and they will be able to respond in kind. Amazingly, the robots of the future will be able to learn from experience. They will be smart, strong, and untiring workers whose only goal will be to make our lives easier.

1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

[　　]

A．John dislikes violence.

B．John likes to think.

C．John enjoys Monopoly.

D．John enjoys playing games.

2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

[　　]

A．Watching a lot of television isn't good for Maria.

B．Books are good.

C．All cartoons are bad.

D．Some cartoons are bad for Maria.

3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?

[　　]

A．Samantha, you have bad manners.

B．Samantha, you should see a dentist.

C．Samantha, I miss you.

D．Samantha, I have lost my appetite.

4．Which sentence from the Paragraph 4 expresses the main idea?

[　　]

A．Someday we will all have robots that will be our personal servants.

B．We will be able to talk to these mechanical helpers and they will be able to respond in kind.

C．They will look and behave much like real humans.

D．Amazingly, the robots of the future will be able to learn from experience.

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