The air bag is a piece of safety equipment in cars. It was first designed by John W. Hetrick in 1952. Like many inventions, he came up with the idea as a result of an event that had occurred in his life. He says:
“In the spring of 1952, my wife, my seven-year-old daughter, Joan, and I were out for a Sunday drive in our 1948 Chrysler Windsor. About three miles outside Newport we were watching for deer jumping across the road. Suddenly, there was a large rock in our path. I hit the brakes and we went into a ditch(壕溝).
“As I applied the brakes, both my wife and I threw our hands up to keep our daughter from hitting the car. There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”
“During the ride home I couldn’t stop thinking about the accident. I asked myself,‘Why couldn’t some object come out to stop you from striking the inside of the car?’As soon as I got home that night I drew some sketches(草圖). Each evening for the following two weeks, I’d add or reduce something from the sketches.”
Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. He was repairing a torpedo(魚雷) which had a cloth covering. When the compressed（壓縮的） air that was in the torpedo was let out, the covering was suddenly filled with air and was shot to the ceiling.
With this knowledge, he developed his design until he was able to obtain a patent on the invention on August 5, 1952. The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. The idea was ingenious, but Hetrick’s air bag never would have functioned properly. It was really a breakthrough, but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.
【小題1】The car accident Hetrick was involved in ________.

A．damaged his car	B．happened in 1948
C．was caused by a deer	D．caused no harm to his family

【小題2】Hetrick’s experience in the Navy________.

A．turned out to be dangerous	B．was helpful to his invention
C．involved designing torpedoes	D．inspired him to design an air bag

【小題3】The underlined word “ingenious” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.

A．creative

B．ridiculous

C．crazy

D．complex

【小題4】What do we know about the air bag Hetrick designed?

A．It came into use in the 1950s.	B．It performed perfectly in car accidents.
C．It prepared the way for air bags nowadays.	D．It took Hetrick about two months to develop it.

【小題5】The text is mainly about ____.

A．the great inventor Hetrick	B．The invention of air bags
C．a(chǎn) terrible car accident	D．road safety in the 1950s

The air bag is a piece of safety equipment in cars. It was first designed by John W. Hetrick in 1952. Like many inventions, he came up with the idea as a result of an event that had occurred in his life. He says:

“In the spring of 1952, my wife, my seven-year-old daughter, Joan, and I were out for a Sunday drive in our 1948 Chrysler Windsor. About three miles outside Newport we were watching for deer jumping across the road. Suddenly, there was a large rock in our path. I hit the brakes and we went into a ditch(壕溝).

“As I applied the brakes, both my wife and I threw our hands up to keep our daughter from hitting the car. There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”

“During the ride home I couldn’t stop thinking about the accident. I asked myself,‘Why couldn’t some object come out to stop you from striking the inside of the car?’As soon as I got home that night I drew some sketches(草圖). Each evening for the following two weeks, I’d add or reduce something from the sketches.”

Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. He was repairing a torpedo(魚雷) which had a cloth covering. When the compressed（壓縮的） air that was in the torpedo was let out, the covering was suddenly filled with air and was shot to the ceiling.

With this knowledge, he developed his design until he was able to obtain a patent on the invention on August 5, 1952. The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. The idea was ingenious, but Hetrick’s air bag never would have functioned properly. It was really a breakthrough, but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.

1.The car accident Hetrick was involved in ________.

A．damaged his car                        B．happened in 1948

C．was caused by a deer                    D．caused no harm to his family

2.Hetrick’s experience in the Navy________.

A．turned out to be dangerous               B．was helpful to his invention

C．involved designing torpedoes              D．inspired him to design an air bag

3.The underlined word “ingenious” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.

A．creative          B．ridiculous         C．crazy             D．complex

4.What do we know about the air bag Hetrick designed?

A．It came into use in the 1950s.              B．It performed perfectly in car accidents.

C．It prepared the way for air bags nowadays.    D．It took Hetrick about two months to develop it.

5.The text is mainly about ____.

A．the great inventor Hetrick                 B．The invention of air bags

C．a(chǎn) terrible car accident                    D．road safety in the 1950s

 

Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children (MGHfC) have invented a new term that describes dangers associated with cigarette smoke: third-hand smoke. Study results published in January, 2009 discuss how third-hand smoke is especially dangerous for children.
Have you ever walked into a room that had the smell of cigarette smoke, regardless of the fact that a fan was moving the air and no one was smoking at the time? This is what researchers are calling third-hand smoke — and it represents the poisonous deposits (存積物) that are left behind long after a cigarette is put out. 
Cigarette smoke contains gases and small particles that are deposited on every surface it comes in contact with, for example, the smoker’s hair and clothing, or the environment the cigarette was smoked in. It’s dangerous for young children who may crawl on polluted surfaces. Third-hand smoke is a serious health risk for our kids, especially those who live in the homes of smokers.
Jonathan Winickoff, lead author of the study, explains, “When you come into contact with your baby, even if you’re not smoking at the time, he or she comes in contact with those poisons. And if you breast-feed, the poisons will transfer to your baby in your breast milk.” Winickoff adds however, that nursing a baby if you’re a smoker is still a better choice than bottle-feeding.
Researchers involved in the study also surveyed more than 1,500 families in an effort to learn about adult attitudes regarding the danger third-hand smoke represents to their children and how that might affect smoking in the home.
Approximately 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers believe that secondhand smoke is dangerous for children.
On the issue of whether third-hand smoke threatens the health of children, 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers felt that third-hand smoke harms kids. When asked about rules regarding smoking in the home, approximately 88 percent of nonsmokers said they don’t allow smoking, while only 27 percent of smokers forbid smoking in the home.
However, both non-smokers and smokers who felt that third-hand smoking was harmful to children’s health were more inclined to (傾向于) restrict smoking in their homes.
【小題1】The study led by Jonathan Winickoff focused on _______.

A．bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked

B．third-hand smoke and secondhand smoke

C．the bad effects of smoking on common people

D．the terrible smell of cigarette smoke

【小題2】How does the text explain what third-hand smoke is?

A．By telling results of a survey.

B．By giving statistics.

C．By making comparisons.

D．By giving an example.

【小題3】The following measures to prevent the effect of third-hand smoke are effective except _______. 

A．keeping kids out of room when you smoke

B．cleaning the house to get rid of poisons

C．making yourself clean before contacting kids

D．trying to forbid smoking in home

Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children (MGHfC) have invented a new term that describes dangers associated with cigarette smoke: third-hand smoke. Study results published in January, 2009 discuss how third-hand smoke is especially dangerous for children.

Have you ever walked into a room that had the smell of cigarette smoke, regardless of the fact that a fan was moving the air and no one was smoking at the time? This is what researchers are calling third-hand smoke — and it represents the poisonous deposits (存積物) that are left behind long after a cigarette is put out. 

Cigarette smoke contains gases and small particles that are deposited on every surface it comes in contact with, for example, the smoker’s hair and clothing, or the environment the cigarette was smoked in. It’s dangerous for young children who may crawl on polluted surfaces. Third-hand smoke is a serious health risk for our kids, especially those who live in the homes of smokers.

Jonathan Winickoff, lead author of the study, explains, “When you come into contact with your baby, even if you’re not smoking at the time, he or she comes in contact with those poisons. And if you breast-feed, the poisons will transfer to your baby in your breast milk.” Winickoff adds however, that nursing a baby if you’re a smoker is still a better choice than bottle-feeding.

Researchers involved in the study also surveyed more than 1,500 families in an effort to learn about adult attitudes regarding the danger third-hand smoke represents to their children and how that might affect smoking in the home.

Approximately 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers believe that secondhand smoke is dangerous for children.

On the issue of whether third-hand smoke threatens the health of children, 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers felt that third-hand smoke harms kids. When asked about rules regarding smoking in the home, approximately 88 percent of nonsmokers said they don’t allow smoking, while only 27 percent of smokers forbid smoking in the home.

However, both non-smokers and smokers who felt that third-hand smoking was harmful to children’s health were more inclined to (傾向于) restrict smoking in their homes.

1.The study led by Jonathan Winickoff focused on _______.

A．bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked

B．third-hand smoke and secondhand smoke

C．the bad effects of smoking on common people

D．the terrible smell of cigarette smoke

2.How does the text explain what third-hand smoke is?

A．By telling results of a survey.

B．By giving statistics.

C．By making comparisons.

D．By giving an example.

3.The following measures to prevent the effect of third-hand smoke are effective except _______. 

A．keeping kids out of room when you smoke

B．cleaning the house to get rid of poisons

C．making yourself clean before contacting kids

D．trying to forbid smoking in home

 

Some years ago I worked with people on public welfare. I believed that everybody had the ability to be 　26 and all we have to do was to make them start working.

The first thing I said to them was, "I would like to know what your 　 27 are." Everyone looked at me as if I were 28 . One woman said "I don't know what you can 　29 with dreams. The rats are eating up my kids." I said. "That's terrible. You are very much 　30 with the rats and your kids. How can we help?" " I could use a new screen door（紗門）because there are 31 in the old." I asked, "Is there anybody knowing 　32 to fix it?" A man said, "Long ago I used to do things like that but now I have a bad back, but I'll 33 ." I gave him some money to do that.

　 The next week, when the group was 34, I asked the woman, "Well, is your 35 door fixed?" "Oh, yes," she said. "Then we can start dreaming, right?" She 36 at me. I asked the man, "How do you feel?" He said, "Well, it's funny that I'm beginning to feel a lot 　37 ." These seemingly small 　38 allowed the group to see that dreams were not stupid. One woman 　39 that she wanted to be a secretary. I said, " What 　40 in your way?" She answered, "I have six kids, and no one can 　41 　them while I'm away." I asked "Who would help this woman while she gets some 　42 at school?" Another woman said "I got kids, too, but I could do that." So the woman went to school.

In 12 weeks these people were 43 public welfare. The woman who 44 the children became a licensed foster care (代別人照看孩子)person. The man became a handyman. I've not only done that 　45 , I've done it many times.

26. A. self-confident B. self-employed C. self-independent D. self-control　　　

27. A. purposes B. goals C. hopes D. dreams

28. A. crazy B. ridiculous C. funny D. normal

29. A. live B. do 　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. go 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. get

30. A. involved 　　　　　　　　　 B. furnished　　　　　　　　 C. equipped 　　　　　　　　 D. troubled

31. A. rats B. holes　　　　　　　　　　　 C. sinks 　　　　　　　　　　 D. crashes

32. A. what 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. which 　　　　　　　　　　 C. how　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. when

33. A. continue B. try　　　　　　 　　　　　　 C. do D. work 34. A. sat B. placed　　　　　　　　　　 C. seated　　　　　　　　　　 D. positioned

35. A. new B. wood　　　　　　　　　　　 C. main　　　　　　　　　　　 D. screen 　　

36. A. laughed　　　　　　　　　　 B. smiled　　　　　　　　　　 C. glared　　　　　　　　　　 D. stared

37. A. better　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. worse　　　　　　　　　　 C. more　　　　　　　　　　　 D. less

38. A. strengths B. weakness　　　　　　　　 C. successes 　　　　　　　　　 D. failures

39. A. complained　　　　　　　　 B. shouted　　　　　　　　　 C. shared　　　　　　　　　　 D. yelled

40. A. stands　　　　　　　　　　　 B. stops　　　　　　　　　　　 C. allows　　　　　　　　　　 D. admits

41. A. take care B. look after　　　　　　　　 C. attend with　　　　　　　 D. pay attention

42. A. education B. help C. benefit D. training

43. A. back 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. off　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. on 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. out

44. A. took in C. took down 　　　　　　　　　　 C. took away D. took along

45. A. forever　　　　　　　　　　 C. never　　　　　　　　　　　 C. even　　　　　　　　　　　 D. once