h=gt2 ①s=Vt ② 查看更多

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

解析 (1)小球從曲面上滑下,只有重力做功,由機(jī)械能守恒定律知:

mghmv                                                       ①

v0 m/s=2 m/s.

(2)小球離開平臺后做平拋運(yùn)動(dòng),小球正好落在木板的末端,則

Hgt2                                                                                                                                                     

v1t                                                                                                               

聯(lián)立②③兩式得:v1=4 m/s

設(shè)釋放小球的高度為h1,則由mgh1mv

h1=0.8 m.

(3)由機(jī)械能守恒定律可得:mghmv2

小球由離開平臺后做平拋運(yùn)動(dòng),可看做水平方向的勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)和豎直方向的自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng),則:

ygt2                                                                                                                                                      

xvt                                                                                                                      

tan 37°=                                                                                                         

vygt                                                                                                                     

vv2v                                                       ⑧

Ekmv                                                      ⑨

由④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨式得:Ek=32.5h                                                                      

考慮到當(dāng)h>0.8 m時(shí)小球不會落到斜面上,其圖象如圖所示

答案 (1)2 m/s (2)0.8 m (3)Ek=32.5h 圖象見解析

查看答案和解析>>

如圖所示,一質(zhì)量為M的物塊靜止在桌面邊緣,桌面離水平地面的高度為h.一質(zhì)量為m的子彈以水平速度v0射入物塊后,以水平速度v0/2射出.重力加速度為g.求:

(1)此過程中系統(tǒng)損失的機(jī)械能;

(2)此后物塊落地點(diǎn)離桌面邊緣的水平距離.

【解析】:(1)設(shè)子彈穿過物塊后物塊的速度為v,由動(dòng)量守恒得mv0mMv

解得vv0

系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械能損失為

ΔEmv-[m()2Mv2]③

由②③式得ΔE=(3-)mv.④

(2)設(shè)物塊下落到地面所需時(shí)間為t,落地點(diǎn)距桌面邊緣的水平距離為s,則hgt2

svt

由②⑤⑥式得s=.

 

查看答案和解析>>

如圖所示,一質(zhì)量為M的物塊靜止在桌面邊緣,桌面離水平地面的高度為h.一質(zhì)量為m的子彈以水平速度v0射入物塊后,以水平速度v0/2射出.重力加速度為g.求:

(1)此過程中系統(tǒng)損失的機(jī)械能;

(2)此后物塊落地點(diǎn)離桌面邊緣的水平距離.

【解析】:(1)設(shè)子彈穿過物塊后物塊的速度為v,由動(dòng)量守恒得mv0mMv

解得vv0

系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械能損失為

ΔEmv-[m()2Mv2]③

由②③式得ΔE=(3-)mv.④

(2)設(shè)物塊下落到地面所需時(shí)間為t,落地點(diǎn)距桌面邊緣的水平距離為s,則hgt2

svt

由②⑤⑥式得s=.

 

查看答案和解析>>


同步練習(xí)冊答案