書面表達(dá)

今年入冬以來，西安的霧霾天氣嚴(yán)重地影響了人們的生活，給市民的出行帶來不便，甚至影響大家的健康。作為校報的記者，你給校報寫一篇稿件，建議同學(xué)們行動起來，保護(hù)環(huán)境。

寫作要點： 1.霧霾帶來的危害；

2.你的建議；（2-3點）

3.你的希望。

注意：1.短文詞數(shù)不少于120詞；

2.開頭部分已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；

Recently our city, Xi’an, is often blanketed in heavy smog, which has brought much inconvenience to our transportation and ….

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Cathy is a tetraplegic. She has not been able to move her arms, legs or speak since suffering a stroke（中風(fēng)）nearly fifteen years ago. Recently, she learned how to control a robotic arm using her thoughts. She now can use brain activity to serve herself a drink.

The American woman is one of two people who took part in a research project known as BrainGate2. The researchers have spent years studying how to help people who are disabled regain movement in their arms and legs.

John Donoghue is a neuroscientist with Brown University and also was part of the project. He said, “People like Cathy have their brain disconnected from their body. So they are not able to go out and do everyday things that you and I can do, like reach for a glass of water or scratch your nose. Our idea is to avoid that damaged nervous system and go directly from the brain to the outside world, so the brain signals can, not control muscles, but control machines or devices like a computer or a robotic arm.”

The two disabled people had small sensors connected to the part of the brain that controls movement. The devices measured brain activity and sent that information to a computer. The computer has special software that turns the information into digital commands for operating other devices. The researchers used a highly developed robotic arm to recreate human actions．

The BrainGate team had its first success in 2006. A tetraplegic stabbing victim was able to use the brain—computer system to control a computer mouse. John says the latest development using robotic arms is a major victory.

A video of the latest experiment shows Cathy using the robotic arm to pick up a cup of coffee. She guides the cup toward her mouth, moves it forward and drinks through a straw.

Lead researcher Leigh Hochberg said the first time she did it was a magic moment.

The research team carried out almost 200 tests with two different robotic arms, which were able to pick up their target objects 43％ to 66％of the time.

The researchers are calling the information very promising. But they say it will take years to fully develop the technology for everyday use.

1.What kind of symptoms may a tetraplegic have?

A. He/She may suffer from amnesia and a loss of concentration.

B. His /Her part of body may become sore and swollen.

C. He/She may get frequent headaches or backaches.

D. He/She can’t move his/her arms or legs and has no ability to speak.

2.How does the robotic arm work?

A. brain signals small sensors muscle a robot arm

B. brain signals the nervous system musclea robot arm

C. brain signals small sensors a computer a robot arm

D. brain signals the nervous system a computer a robot arm

3.What can we know from this passage?

A．The technology had been put into use before 2006.

B．It won’t be long before the technology comes into daily use．

C．The two robotic arms couldn't pick up their target objects．

D. Quite a few experiments have been conducted for the technology．

4.What's the purpose of the research project?

A．To help the disabled people to move and speak．

B．To help the brain-computer system to control a computer mouse．

C．To help the disabled people use brain activity to serve themselves a drink．

D．To help the disabled people to get movement like having their arms and legs again．

完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A.B.C和D)中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

After stepping out of the international plane, I realized my lo-hour sleepy voyage finally came to an end. Sitting on the bus, I was waiting anxiously for it to start.

A woman9 sitting next to me, and her daughter both seemed __________' She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach and would throw up continuously; ________ , the mother had lost her_________ . Apart from a significant amount of money, the purse also had her phone and a phone number of an important ________ , a person she was travelling 90 kilome-ters to meet for discussing a________ matter which had to be _________ by tomorrow morning.

I handed her my cellphone without ________ and told her that she could make any call she wanted. I also ________ a bottle of water I had in my bag to relieve her daughter of her _________.

After making several calls, they finally -50 to the official! They turned to look at me ________ and thanked me many times. The woman tried to pay for my________ , but I jumped to do it before her _________I knew she had lost her money.

Next morning, I received a call from the mother, saying that they couldn't tell how much my ________ act touched them. They were so ________ that they had taken down my number to thank me. I was ________ to be thanked in this way. I never thought my simple offer ________so much in her heart. And I thought of how many opportunities for ________we had lost by plugging onto cellphones and being disconnected ________ the reality around us- something with easy access may make a big ________ to others.

1.A. excited B. relaxed C. unconscious D. uncomfortable

2.A. besides B. however C. therefore D. otherwise

3.A. phone B. address C. purse D. luggage

4.A. accountant B. doctor C. lawyer D. official

5.A. simple B. pressing C. political D. financial

6.A. settled B. ignored C. raised D. dropped

7.A. doubt B. permission C. question D. hesitation

8.A. produced B. ordered C. bought D. sold

9.A. fever B. stress C. sickness D. appetite

10.A. came over B. got through C. looked up D. turned around

11.A. doubtfully B. closely C. anxiously D. gratefully

12.A. water B. offer C. ticket D. assistance

13.A. since B. if C. while D. although

14.A. temporary B. generous C. cautious D. honest

15.A. reasonable B. flexible C. considerate D. desperate

16.A. ashamed B. astonished C. disappointed D. amused

17.A. weighed B. balanced C. increased D. ranked

18.A. courage B. success C. kindness D. justice

19.A. in B. beyond C. of D. from

20.A. promise B. wish C. difference D. gesture

短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧), 并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改： 在錯的詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2、只允許修改10處, 多者(從第11處起) 不計分。

With the development of people’s living condition, more and more people possess their own cars. Some of us think it is good to own a car. For instance, it’s convenient, fast and comfortable means of transportation. Moreover, it shows that people are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger. It also made relative businesses and industries develop faster.

However, others have different opinions, thinking that cars give up waste gases and pollute the environment around. Too much cars will have some bad effects, such as more accidents and crowdedness. Besides, lack parking lots is another big problem.

As far as I’m concerned, we ought to think careful before buying cars. As if we have cars, we may use it less.

__________ to smart phones just before bed, as a research says recently, can lead to poor night’s sleep.

A. Being exposed B. Exposed C. Having exposed D. To expose

A number of graduates prefer to work in big cities, where there are a lot of ________ , like convenient transportation, more opportunities and better equipment.

A. amusements B. attractions C. challenges D. achievements

Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.

According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.

Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.

This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (認(rèn)知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.

Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.

1.Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.

A. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s

B. the young are better at handling important things

C. aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain

D. wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging

2.The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.

A. perceptual speed B. vocabulary tests

C. number ability D. body balance

3.People are happier with aging because ______.

A. they know how to share feelings

B. they learn to value the time left

C. they cannot focus on negative aspects

D. they do not realize the possible dangers

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. People get happier with age.

B. People get more self-aware with age.

C. People get wiser with age.

D. People get more forgetful with age.

短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Last night, I go to my friend’s birthday party. I made some new friend and we talked happily. One new friend showed us the pictures of the places he had been visited. We extreme admired him because all of them were also eager to travel to different places. However, we haven’t taken action for variety reasons till now. He told us we had so much energy see the world. We should carry out our travel plan once we have an idea. What he told us is right, and most young people haven’t realized this. We should do what we want to do instead of waste our youth.