Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. In some degree, our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no education can make a genius (天才) out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich environment. Therefore, the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This point of view, now is held by most experts.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence. If we take two strangers by chance from the population, it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we compare two twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact (接觸) with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
【小題1】How is man’s intelligence given?

A．At birth	B．Through education
C．Both at birth and through education	D．Neither at birth nor through education

【小題2】What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?

A．穩(wěn)固

B．確定

C．修理

D．安排

【小題3】According the passage, if a child is born with low intelligence, what might happen to him later?

A．Become a genius.

B．Still become a genius if he should be given special education.

C．Reach his intelligence limits in rich environment.

D．Never reach his intelligence in his life.

【小題4】What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory?

A．The importance of their intelligence.

B．The role of environment on intelligence.

C．The importance of their jobs

D．The part that birth plays

【小題5】What statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．No education can help make a genius.

B．Personality is important as intelligence which was given to people at birth.

C．People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives.

D．Environment influences people in intelligence developing.

先閱讀短文，掌握其大意。然后從方框中所給的詞中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)?0個(gè)，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，每個(gè)詞限用一次。(每小題1分)

stop, though, sleep, their, bad, city, ill, we, start, fresh, please, breath

    Villagers are healthier than people who live in towns. One reason for this is that country air is 1.  than the air in smoky   2. . The villager is   3.  fresh clean air all day in the fields, but the air the townsman breath is always full of smoke and dust. We cannot live without air. If we are   4.  from breathing even for five minutes, we will die. Bad air means bad health and certain kinds of   5. , which may kill us,   6.  they may not kill us at once.

We all know   7.  feelings we will get if we stay a long time in a shut, crowded room. After a time, we begin to feel very    8.  , and can hardly keep our eyes open. Then our heads begin to ache, and the longer we stay the   9.  we feel. How nice it is when we get outside into the fresh air! We must, therefore, keep   10.  windows open, so that air in our rooms is always fresh.

 

Here are some facts about homes in the United States and the people who live in them. In the early 1990s, about 50% of the Americans owned their homes and the rest rented (租) their homes. The rented homes were usually apartments (公寓).
74% of the people in the US make their homes in or around cities. 26% live in the country. Dogs live in about 40% of all homes in the US. About half that number have cats.
Families in the US are becoming smaller. On the average (平均), 2.64 people lived at home in early 1990s. In 1960, the average was 3.5.
Half of the teenagers in the US have their own bedrooms.
An American moves, on the average, twelve times in his or her life. In Japan a person moves about five times, and in England a person moves eight times.
【小題1】Most Americans live ________, according to the passage.

A．in or around the cities	B．in cities
C．a(chǎn)round cities	D．in the country

【小題2】How many American families own a cat?

A．About 40%.	B．About 20%.
C．About 74%.	D．About 26%.

【小題3】On the average, there were ________ people in an American family in 1994.

A．more than 3	B．only 3.5
C．less than 2	D．a(chǎn)bout 2.64

【小題4】 ________ in the US have their own bedrooms.

A．All of the people	B．Most of the children
C．Half of the teenagers	D．Only some of the teenagers

【小題5】What can we learn from the passage?

A．In the early 1990s, most of the Americans owned their homes.

B．Families in the US are becoming bigger and bigger.

C．A Japanese moves more often than an American.

D．An American moves more often than an Englishman.

D
Do you know what a castle is? A castle is a building special to Europe. Castles were built in the Middle Ages by king and other powerful people who live in. Castles were used by people to protect themselves from their enemies. They are big buildings made form stone and wood.
Today there are still castles all over Europe. Some are in ruins(廢墟). But some built later are still in good repair and used even today. One example is Windsor Castle, which is a home to the British queen. It is in the country or Berkshire, not far from London.
Castles have walls around them. In the old days, soldiers would stand on the walls to guard the people in the castle. If enemies came they would shoot arrows(箭) and throw stones at them. Castles also had moats. A moat is a river around the wall that makes it difficult for enemies to get in. It could be either dry or filled with water.
Other people form younger countries love European castles. In the US there are rich people who have brought broken parts of castles to their country and rebuilt them. And some people build “replica” castles---modern copies of Castle.
You probably know the Disneyland Castle in California , US. But did you know it is based on a famous castle in Germany built by King Ludwig Ⅱof Bavaria?
【小題1】 Which of the following is TRUE about the castle?

A．It is a special American building.

B．It is made form stone and paper.

C．Only king used to live in one.

D．People used it to protect themselves.

【小題2】 We can tell from the story that a moat is __________.

A．a(chǎn) wall

B．a(chǎn) soldier

C．a(chǎn) river

D．a(chǎn) stone

【小題3】According to the passage we can know that______________.

A．There are castles only in some European countries now.

B．In the US, there used to be castles in the Middle Ages.

C．In the US, the people rebuilt the old castles or build the modern ones.

D．The Disneyland castle is built in Germany.

【小題4】 What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The history of castles.	B．Facts about castles.
C．The king and the castles.	D．How to build castles.

You might have noticed that the cost of food has gone up.In fact the price of wheat and rice has nearly doubled in the past few years.It’s thought that right now，850 million people—that’s more than 10 times the population of the UK—are short of food because it’s too expensive or there’s not enough of it.
The price of basic food such as wheat and corn has stayed the same for quite a long time，about 30 years.But as the world’s population is getting bigger，there’s more pressure to feed more people，plus there’s less land and water to go round.
Another reason is climate（氣候）change.Droughts and floods make it hard to grow crops like rice and grain.The price of oil has gone up and that makes it more expensive for farmers to run their tractors and to transport the food they make.And lots of fields are being used to grow crops to make other things that can’t be eaten—which is bad news for hungry people.
The main losers are poor people who live in cities in poor countries，who are facing higher prices for food.Some people are doing well out of the food crisis（危機(jī)） though.Farmers in rich countries like the US，Canada and Australia are getting record prices for their harvests.
World leaders are meeting in the Italian capital Rome to talk about the problem of rising food prices.Some countries are helping out with the cost of foods and international aid agencies have called for more money for food production in poor countries.
【小題1】The price of food goes up because all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A．there are more and more people in the world.

B．American farmers are getting richer and richer.

C．many farm lands are used to make other things rather than food.

D．climate change makes it harder to grow food.

【小題2】Who lose the most because of the food crisis?

A．Farmers in rich countries.

B．Farmers in developed countries.

C．Poor people in cities in poor countries.

D．Poor people in cities in developed countries.

【小題3】What does the food crisis mean to farmers in Canada?

A．They can get a lot of money from the government.

B．They have to save a lot of money.

C．They can make more money from the high price.

D．They are losing a lot of money.

【小題4】What is the best title for this passage?

A．Why is the Price of Food Going Up？

B．How Many People are Short of Food?

C．What Can We Learn from the Food Crisis?

D．Who Can Benefit（受益） from the Food Crisis?