解:(1)41
×
+51
×
,
=(40+1
)×
+(50+1
)×
,
=40×
+
×
+50×
+
×
,
=30+1+40+1,
=72;
(2)
×39+
×27,
=
×
×39+
×27,
=(
×39+27)×
,
=(13+27)×
,
=40×
,
=30;
(3)238÷238
,
=238÷
,
=238×
,
=238×
,
=
;
(4)54
÷17,
=(51+3
)÷17,
=51÷17+
÷17,
=3+
,
=3+
,
=3
;
(5)(9
+7
)÷(
+
),
=(
+
)÷(
+
),
=(
+
)×65÷[(
+
)×5],
=65÷5,
=13;
(6)
×
+
×
+
×
,
=
×
+
×
+
×
,
=(
+
+
)×
,
=(
+
+
)×
,
=
×
,
=
.
分析:(1)把41
拆成40+1
,51
拆成50+1
,運用乘法分配律簡算;
(2)為了簡算,把原式變?yōu)?img class='latex' src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic5/latex/365.png' />×
×39+
×27,然后運用乘法分配律的逆運算計算;
(3)先把238
化為假分數(shù),在化假分數(shù)的過程中,不要先把分子的結(jié)果算出來,因為在改為乘法運算時,分母中的238能與被除數(shù)238約分,得以簡算;
(4)根據(jù)數(shù)字特點,把54
拆分為(51+3
),運用除法的性質(zhì)簡算;
(5)先把第一個括號內(nèi)的分數(shù)化為假分數(shù),發(fā)現(xiàn)分子相同,于是可把原式變?yōu)椋?img class='latex' src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic5/latex/847.png' />+
)×65÷[(
+
)×5],然后通過約分、計算即可;
(6)根據(jù)數(shù)字特點,把原式變?yōu)?img class='latex' src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic5/latex/155.png' />×
+
×
+
×
,運用乘法分配律的逆運算簡算.
點評:此題主要考查運用運算定律或技巧,對分數(shù)、整數(shù)的四則混合運算的簡算能力.