解:(1)38%×

+0.4×

,
=0.38×0.6+0.4×0.38,
=(0.6+0.4)×0.38,
=0.38;
(2)89×6.3+48.9×0.37,
=560.7+18.093,
=578.793;
(3)13

-(2

-1

),
=13

+1

-2

,
=15-2

,
=12

;
(4)2.5×

×0.4×2

,
=(2.5×0.4)×(

×

),
=1×1,
=1;
(5)158-92+42-8,
=(158+42)-(92+8),
=200-100,
=100;
(6)83.2÷(83.2÷11),
=83.2÷83.2×11,
=11.
分析:(1)把38%看成0.38,

變成0.38,再利用乘法的分配律變成(0.6+0.4)×0.38計算簡便;
(2)89×6.3+48.9×0.37,89×6.3和48.9×0.37同時計算,再算加;
(3)去掉括號變成13

+1

-2

計算;
(4)利用乘法的交換律和結(jié)合律變成(2.5×0.4)×(

×

)計算簡便;
(5)158-92+42-8利用加法的交換律和結(jié)合律和一個數(shù)連續(xù)減去兩個數(shù)等于這個數(shù)減去這兩個數(shù)的和變成(158+42)-(92+8);
(6)83.2÷(83.2÷11)去掉括號變成83.2÷83.2×11計算簡便.
點(diǎn)評:考查了運(yùn)算定律與簡便運(yùn)算,四則混合運(yùn)算.注意運(yùn)算順序和運(yùn)算法則,靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的運(yùn)算律簡便計算.