分析 在美國(guó),當(dāng)一個(gè)人有錢了,他會(huì)想讓大家都知道.即使他并沒有變得非常富有,他仍然想讓大家認(rèn)為如此.這便是"攀比"--某些人試圖使自己看上去像別人一樣有錢的舉動(dòng).
"攀比"的說法,第一次是于1913年由一名年輕的美國(guó)人,亞瑟蒙德提出的.他講述了自己的以上的經(jīng)歷.在他23歲時(shí),他一周掙125美金.這在當(dāng)時(shí)是很大一筆錢了.他結(jié)了婚,并跟妻子搬到了紐約城外非常昂貴的社區(qū).當(dāng)他看到有錢人都騎馬時(shí),蒙德便也效仿著每天騎馬.當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)那些有錢人都有仆人伺候時(shí),他和妻子也雇傭了個(gè)仆人,并為他的鄰居們組織了盛大的派對(duì).
這就像一場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽,但這場(chǎng)景賽事永無止境的,因?yàn)槊總(gè)人都在試圖趕超.亞瑟和他妻子的競(jìng)賽,在他們終于無法再支付高昂的生活方式時(shí)結(jié)束了.他們又搬回他們紐約市的公寓.
蒙德觀察著身邊的人和事發(fā)現(xiàn),許多人活著只是為了追逐富貴的生活方式--他們鄰里的生活方式.他發(fā)現(xiàn)到了這可笑的一面,并依此開始創(chuàng)作一系列短篇小說.他將這種行為稱為"追趕瓊斯",因?yàn)?瓊斯"是美國(guó)一個(gè)非常常見的姓."追趕瓊斯"衍生成了"保持跟身邊人一樣的富貴生活方式"的意思.在28年間,蒙德的系列小說一直活躍于全國(guó)各大報(bào)紙版面.
人們似乎從不厭倦攀比.世界各個(gè)角落總有"瓊斯"的身影.但一個(gè)人總有一天會(huì)厭倦了"追趕瓊斯",因?yàn)?瓊斯"總是遙遙領(lǐng)先得比他強(qiáng).
解答 28.答案:B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.題干的意思是:一些人想追趕瓊斯,是因?yàn)開______.分析原文:when one becomes rich,he wants people to know it.And even if he does not become very rich,he wants people to think that he is.句意:當(dāng)一個(gè)人變得富有,他想讓人們知道.即使他不會(huì)變得非常富有,他希望人們認(rèn)為他是富有的.所以只有第二項(xiàng)符合.故選B
29.答案:A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.問題:從這個(gè)故事中可以推斷出富人們喜歡居住在哪里?分析原文:He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City.句意:他結(jié)婚后和他的妻子搬到紐約市外,那有一個(gè)非常富有的社區(qū).同時(shí)結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)富有的人都喜歡居住在別墅,故選 A
30.答案:C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.問題:通過作者的觀點(diǎn),追趕鄰居的方式是如何?結(jié)合全文的理解和短文最后兩句話But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does,Mr.Jones always seems to be ahead."但一個(gè)人總有一天會(huì)厭倦了"追趕瓊斯",因?yàn)?瓊斯"總是遙遙領(lǐng)先,比他強(qiáng).故選C
點(diǎn)評(píng) 做閱讀理解時(shí),要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習(xí)慣.切不可在個(gè)別難懂的詞句上磨蹭,只要全篇理解了,個(gè)別難懂的詞句可以根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法去猜測(cè),去推斷.
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