Question

When I worked as a waitress in Chicago, US, my coworkers and I would sigh whenever we heard someone with a foreign accent coming into our restaurant. We knew what it meant to serve a non-American: no tip. We would work just as hard as we always did, but we might not get paid.
Americans have an unspoken rule about tipping: they give tips to almost everyone who offers them a service of some kind. Americans tip their waiters, barbers and taxi drivers. An appropriate tip is between 15 and 20 percent of the amount charged for the service (But the charge for the tip doesn’t appear on the bill. The customer is expected to add it himself/herself.) Tipping less than this sends a message to your waiters that you think they’ve done a bad job serving you. And to leave no tip at all is simply unacceptable.
It’s not that American waiters are greedy. In many countries, waiters are paid a salary for their work. They’ll earn money even if no one comes into the restaurant. This system offers much more safety for waiters than the American version. In the US, waiters know that a night without customers means a night without pay.
Some countries include a tip for waiters – a “service charge” – on the bill itself. Since the tip is included with the other charges, waiters don’t need to worry about people forgetting to tip. But in the US, waiters do not receive a salary, and service charges only appear on bills when there are six or more customers at the table.
Since almost all American customers are familiar with the system, they know to add a tip without being told. But visitors to the US may expect waiters to be paid a salary, or think that the tip is included on the bill.
So much as we waiters loved hearing stories about other places from our foreign customers, we were always nervous when they got ready to leave the restaurant. We were never sure what to expect.
【小題1】If you order $200 worth of food, which of the following is a proper total payment?

A．$200

B．$215

C．$220

D．$230

【小題2】Why don’t some foreigners tip a waiter according to the writer?.

A．because they are unfamiliar with the American tip system .

B．because they are too mean to give tips to any waiter.

C．because they have difficulty communicating with waiters.

D．because they are not really easy to become satisfied.

【小題3】What can we learn from the passage?
A. The service charge never appear on the bill in the USA.
B. Customers are usually expected to tip waiters in the USA.
C. Dining out in other countries is much more expensive than in the USA.
D. Waiters in other countries earn much more money than those in the USA.
【小題4】What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To complain about the difficult life of American waiters.

B．To warn other waiters not to serve any foreign customer.

C．To call on foreign customers to leave tips for American waiters.

D．To tell us something about American waiters’ salary system.

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】B
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：本文敘述在美國服務(wù)行業(yè)的小費是普遍現(xiàn)象，是一個不成文的規(guī)定，因為在美國，服務(wù)員沒有工資，只有客人給的服務(wù)費，才是自己的收入。
【小題1】這是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)An appropriate tip is between 15 and 20 percent of the amount charged for the service (But the charge for the tip doesn’t appear on the bill. 故選D。
【小題2】這是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)But visitors to the US may expect waiters to be paid a salary, or think that the tip is included on the bill.外國人不熟悉這里小費的事情，故選A。
【小題3】這是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Americans have an unspoken rule about tipping: they give tips to almost everyone who offers them a service of some kind.故選B。
【小題4】這是寫作意圖題。根據(jù)從全文來看，講述了美國的服務(wù)人員的小費問題，故選D。
考點：這是一篇社會類的文章。
點評：閱讀理解題目中的作者意圖題目可以包括意圖、態(tài)度、目的題目， 在考試中出現(xiàn)的比率很大。不同的文章可能有不同的寫作意圖,但寫作意圖通常有以下三種：1）to entertain readers（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑） 2) to persuade readers（說服讀者接受某種觀點）3) to inform readers（告知讀者某些信息）