20．Not having completed（not complete） the program，they have to stay there for another two weeks．

分析 沒(méi)有完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他們只好在那里再呆兩個(gè)星期．

解答 答案是Not having completed．本題考查分詞做狀語(yǔ)；逗號(hào)后面是完整的句子，句中不存在并列連詞或引導(dǎo)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，所以判斷not complete必須要非謂語(yǔ)的形式；本題中需要的是分詞做狀語(yǔ)；分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)分詞的選擇是看分詞和句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系：分詞和句子主語(yǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)關(guān)系），用現(xiàn)在分詞；分詞和句子主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（被動(dòng)關(guān)系），用過(guò)去分詞；題干中not complete和主語(yǔ)they之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞；此外分詞完成式表示分詞的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，相當(dāng)于after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；本句中指沒(méi)有完成項(xiàng)目之后，才不得不再待兩個(gè)星期；所以用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式在非謂語(yǔ)前直接加not；故答案用Not having completed．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本題是要求用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，解題時(shí)首先考慮句中需要的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；其次，如果是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞關(guān)注時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；如果是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要聯(lián)系非謂語(yǔ)的基本用法判斷非謂語(yǔ)的形式．

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