Question

【題目】請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。

How Your Personality Type Affects Your Health

Personalities play an important role in determining one’s behavior and habits, so it’s little wonder that your personality type has much to do with your health. Now research has found that personality traits (特點(diǎn))can be important health predictors. One study even found that the personality traits exhibited during childhood are linked to self-rated health during middle age.

So how is your health influenced by your personality? Let's take two common personality types for example. One is the classic type A personality. People with this personality type tend to be more competitive, impatient, tense, and even aggressive. According to research, this personality type is associated with many negative health outcomes like high blood pressure, heart disease, increased job stress, and social isolation (孤立). So, if you tend to have some of the more negative features of a type A personality, such as a tendency to be stressed out, explore things you can to lower your chances of developing health problems. For instance, you can practice stress management skills, which can help you to better handle life's daily problems.

The other one is the “eager to please” personality type. People with this personality type tend to be accommodating, passive, and conforming (從眾). Their passive nature also means they're more likely to feel hopeless or helpless in the face of a negative health event. They may also be less likely to seek help when something is wrong. When faced with a diagnosis (診斷),they may simply assume that nothing they do will make much of a difference. So, what can you do to protect your health if you tend to be a people-pleaser? Don't always place your own well-being last. Being considerate of others can be a positive trait, but be sure to take time for your own health as well. Besides, don't fall into thinking that your health is out of your hands. Instead of focusing on the external influences that affect your health, pay attention to the things that you can change through your own actions.

Why does personality have an impact on health? Why are certain traits so tied to certain diseases? The answers aren't clear, but one potential explanation is that personality impacts the ways people choose to behave and live. People who are more responsible may be more likely to make healthier choices while those who are neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的)may be less likely to seek medical help.

Understanding your personality might be a great way to help determine what sort of health choices or changes you need to focus on making. By being aware of the potential clangers you may face, you can turn to your health care professional and come up with a plan to minimize the clangers.

Passage outline	Supporting details
Introduction	People's health is closely 【1】 to their personality type, and they can depend on childhood personality traits to 【2】 their future health
Type A personality	People with this personality type tend to have health problems both mentally and 【3】 People with this personality type should try to find ways to prevent health problems.
People-pleasers	People with this personality type are more likely to 【4】 themselves to hopelessness and helplessness, which can 【5】 them from seeking help when in need. People-pleasers shouldn't 【6】 their own well-being. Focus more on the 【7】 influences, which means your own actions matter.
Possible 【8】 for the phenomenon	Personality can influence people's behavior and lifestyle choices. Responsible people make healthier choices while neurotic people might be 【9】 to seek help.
Conclusion	Have a good understanding of your personality. 【10】 your health care professional about the dangers you may face and find a solution.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】related/ connected/ linked/tied

【2】predict/ foresee

【3】physically

【4】abandon

【5】discourage/ prevent/ keep/ stop/ prohibit

【6】neglect/ ignore/ overlook

【7】internal

【8】reasons

【9】reluctant/ unwilling

【10】Consult

【解析】

本文為說明文，作者講述了你的性格如何影響了你的健康，并提出了一些建議。

【1】

句意轉(zhuǎn)換題。從文章第一段第二行… your personality type has much to do with your health…可知，所用短語為have much to do with意為“與…有關(guān)”，故填related/ connected/ linked。

【2】

詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。從第一段…Now research has found that personality traits can be important health predictors(現(xiàn)在研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人格特征可以成為重要的健康預(yù)測(cè)因素)…并分析本句的句子成分，可知此處應(yīng)填predictors的動(dòng)詞形式，故填predict/ foresee。

【3】

信息歸納題。從第二段舉例…like high blood pressure, heart disease…等等可知此處是指“生理健康問題”，所設(shè)空與其前的mentally并列，因此用副詞，故填physically。

【4】

信息歸納題。從第三段…Their passive nature also means they're more likely to feel hopeless or helpless in the face of a negative health event(他們被動(dòng)的天性也意味著他們?cè)诿鎸?duì)負(fù)面健康事件時(shí)更容易感到絕望或無助)可知,這種個(gè)性的人面對(duì)負(fù)面的健康問題常常消極應(yīng)對(duì)或者聽之任之。Abandon oneself to…表示在某種困境中自暴自棄，聽之任之，故填abandon。

【5】

句意轉(zhuǎn)換題。句意：這種性格的人更容易陷入絕望和無助，這使得他們?cè)谛枰獛椭鷷r(shí)不愿尋求幫助。從第三段…They may also be less likely to seek help when something is wrong（當(dāng)出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)，他們也不太可能尋求幫助）…再分析設(shè)空處的句子意思，可知此處意為“阻止”，且在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can之后，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形，故填discourage/ prevent/ keep/ stop/ prohibit。

【6】

句意轉(zhuǎn)換題。從第三段…Don't always place your own well-being last(不要總是把自己的幸福放在最后).可知place … last意為“將…置后，忽略”，故填neglect/ ignore/ overlook。

【7】

歸納題。從第三段…Instead of focusing on the external influences that affect your health, pay attention to the things that you can change through your own actions(不要把注意力放在影響你健康的外部因素上，而要關(guān)注那些你可以通過自己的行動(dòng)來改變的事情)…可知，不要把注意力放在外部因素上，意即要將注意力更多地關(guān)注到“內(nèi)部”影響上，故填internal。

【8】

段落大意歸納題。從第四段Why does personality have an impact on health? Why are certain traits so tied to certain diseases? （為什么性格對(duì)健康有影響?為什么某些特征與某些疾病聯(lián)系如此緊密？）兩個(gè)句子可知，本段解釋可能的原因，故填reasons。

【9】

句意歸納題。從第四段…while those who are neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的) may be less likely to seek medical help…可知那些神經(jīng)質(zhì)的人則不太情愿尋求醫(yī)療幫助，故填reluctant/ unwilling。

【10】

句意歸納題。從第五段…you can turn to your health care professional and come up with a plan to minimize the dangers(你可以向你的醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員尋求幫助，并想出一個(gè)將危險(xiǎn)降到最低的計(jì)劃)…可知,要向你的醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員咨詢請(qǐng)教，故填Consult。