16.In this world,each country has its own cultural characteristics.In a society such as the United States or Canada,which has many national,religious and cultural differences,people highly value individualism--the differences among people.Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special.The educational systems in these countries show these values.Students do not memorize all possible basic knowledge.Instead,they work individually and find answers by themselves.There is often discussion in the classroom.At an early age,students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asian societies,by contrast,the people have the same language,history and culture.Perhaps for this reason,the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism.Children in China,Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.
There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education.For example,one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about math,physics,biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school.They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do.The system is difficult,but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control.There is,however,a disadvantage.Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools,yet many students say that after an exam,they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America,on the other hand,is that students learn to think for themselves.The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.There is,however,a disadvantage.When students graduate from school,they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
21.The reason why American teachers attach much importance to individualism is thatC.
A.they are required to do so
B.their students do not memorize information
C.the United States is a country of many cultures
D.their students work individually
22.Which of the following statements applies to Asian methods of education?C
A.Each child in a classroom draws a different picture.
B.Students have to find information themselves.
C.Students are prepared for a society that values discipline.
D.Teachers serve as a guide in discussion.
23.From the facts,we can infer thatA.
A.Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students
B.Chinese students are more hard-working in their studies than Mexican students
C.The Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system
D.The Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system.
分析 本文討論的是東西方教育系統(tǒng)的不同之處.在西方人們強(qiáng)調(diào)高度尊重個(gè)人和人與人之間的差異.教師極其重視每個(gè)學(xué)生的不同特性,而在東方,由于相同的語言、歷史和文化,其教育系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)集體主義和團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)合精神,上課時(shí)教師講,學(xué)生聽,討論并不多.文章最后談到了兩種教育系的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn).
解答 CCA
21.C 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)短文第一段In a society such as the United States or Canada,which has many national,religious and cultural differences,可知這是因?yàn)槊绹且粋(gè)有著不同文化夾雜的國家,故選C.
22.C 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù) Perhaps for this reason,the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism.可知在東方,社會更注重的是集體、遵守規(guī)矩的理念,故選C.
23.A 推理判斷題.閱讀前兩段Children in China,Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments以及 The advantage of the educational system in North America,on the other hand,is that students learn to think for themselves.可知,在西方教育體制下的孩子更傾向于自己獨(dú)立思考,遵循自己的意見,而東方教育體質(zhì)之下上課時(shí)教師講,學(xué)生聽,討論并不多,孩子們更傾向于團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,故選A.
點(diǎn)評 做閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)的主要原因是,僅憑讀過文章后殘留在腦海中的一絲印象來勾選答案,這樣便很容易掉入出題人故意設(shè)布下的題目陷阱.所謂閱讀理解,對于題目的理解一定要忠實(shí)于原文,因此,每一道題都應(yīng)該與原文作全面的對比與核查,再得出答案.也就是說,閱讀理解的每一道題目,在原文都應(yīng)該有明確的出處,我們把這一出處叫做原文相關(guān)句,(1)排除與原文相關(guān)句主題不一致的選項(xiàng)(2)排除與原文相關(guān)句態(tài)度相反的選項(xiàng) (3)排除用于過于極端或負(fù)面的選項(xiàng)(4)注意結(jié)合文章主旨和主題去排除.